A single-price monopoly determines the price it charges based on the relationship between price, demand, and marginal cost. It selects the quantity that equates MR and MC to maximize profit and uses the demand curve to determine the price that corresponds to this quantity.
A single-price monopoly determines the price it will charge its customers by considering the relationship between price, demand, and marginal cost. The goal of a monopoly is to maximize its profits. To achieve this, it analyzes the demand curve for its product and the corresponding price that customers are willing to pay at different levels of output. The monopolist aims to set a price that maximizes its total revenue.
The monopolist determines the quantity it will produce and sell by equating marginal revenue (MR) and marginal cost (MC). MR represents the change in total revenue resulting from selling one additional unit, while MC represents the change in total cost due to producing one more unit. The monopolist continues producing until MR equals MC, as this is the point where profit is maximized.
To determine the price, the monopolist refers to the demand curve. It sets the price that corresponds to the quantity determined by equating MR and MC. The monopolist knows that charging a higher price will result in lower demand and vice versa. It must strike a balance to maximize profit by selecting the price and quantity combination where MR equals MC.
When a single-price monopoly is maximizing profit, there is a specific relationship between price, marginal revenue, and marginal cost. At the profit-maximizing level of output, the monopolist sets the price that corresponds to the quantity where MR equals MC.
In terms of the relationship between price and marginal revenue, it is important to note that for a monopolist, the marginal revenue curve lies below the demand curve. This is because the monopolist can only increase sales by lowering the price for all units sold, which reduces the revenue gained from selling additional units. As a result, the monopolist faces a downward-sloping marginal revenue curve.
When maximizing profit, the monopolist chooses the quantity where MR equals MC. At this point, the marginal cost curve intersects the marginal revenue curve, providing the monopolist with the profit-maximizing quantity. The monopolist then uses the demand curve to determine the price that corresponds to this quantity.
In summary, a single-price monopoly determines the price it charges based on the relationship between price, demand, and marginal cost. It selects the quantity that equates MR and MC to maximize profit and uses the demand curve to determine the price that corresponds to this quantity.
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There are two risky assets: a stock and a bond. The stock has an expected return of 13% and a standard deviation of 0.4. The bond has an
expected return of 7% and a standard deviation of 0.25. The correlation between the two assets is 0.5. The risk-free rate is 5%. You invest
70% of your wealth into stock and 30% into bond. What is the Sharpe ratio of your portfolio?
A sharpe ratio is not a percentage. Please submit two decimal places.
The Sharpe ratio is a measure of the excess return per unit of risk in an investment asset or portfolio. The Sharpe ratio of a portfolio is a good way to measure the risk-adjusted performance of the portfolio.
The portfolio's expected return is the weighted average of the returns on the two risky assets and the risk-free rate.
The standard deviation of the portfolio is calculated using the portfolio's weighted standard deviation. The formula for the Sharpe ratio is:$$\text{Sharpe ratio} = \frac{E(r_p)-r_f}{\sigma_p}$$$$\text{where}$$ $E(r_p)$ is the expected return of the portfolio, $r_f$ is the risk-free rate, and $\sigma_p$ is the standard deviation of the portfolio.
In this case, the expected return of the stock, $E(r_S)$, is 13% and the expected return of the bond, $E(r_B)$, is 7%. The standard deviation of the stock, $\sigma_S$, is 0.4 and the standard deviation of the bond, $\sigma_B$, is 0.25. The correlation between the two assets, $\rho$, is 0.5. The weight of the stock in the portfolio, $w_S$, is 70% and the weight of the bond, $w_B$, is 30%. The risk-free rate, $r_f$, is 5%.
The expected return of the portfolio, $E(r_p)$, is:$$E(r_p) = w_SE(r_S) + w_BE(r_B)$$$$E(r_p) = 0.7 \times 0.13 + 0.3 \times 0.07$$$$E(r_p) = 0.1$$
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A bond is issued at a price of $1500 and pays a interest of $50 per year for the next 10 years. If the interest rate in the market is 4.5% and the bond is redeemed for a price of $1500 then what is the price of the bond today
Face value or par value (FV) of the bond = $1500Coupon rate or interest rate (r) = $50Number of years (n) = 10Market interest rate or required rate of return (i) = 4.5%To find:
The price of the bond today Formula used: The price of the bond is calculated using the following formula:
Price of bond = Present value of interest payments + Present value of face value of the bond Or Price of bond = (Coupon payment / (1 + i)¹ + Coupon payment / (1 + i)² + + Coupon payment / (1 + i)ⁿ) + (FV / (1 + i)ⁿ) Where, Coupon payment = FV × r.
Price of bond = (Coupon payment / (1 + i)¹ + Coupon payment / (1 + i)² + Coupon payment / (1 + i)ⁿ) + (FV / (1 + i)ⁿ)= ($750 / (1 + 4.5%)¹ + $750 / (1 + 4.5%)² + ... + $750 / (1 + 4.5%)¹⁰) + ($1500 / (1 + 4.5%)¹⁰)= ($750 / 1.045¹ + $750 / 1.045² + ... + $750 / 1.045¹⁰) + $1500 / 1.045¹⁰= ($750 / 1.045 + $750 / 1.045² + ... + $750 / 1.598) + $844.11≈
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Jerston Company has an annual plant capacity of 3000 units. Data concerning this product are given below: Annual sales at regular selling prices 2,500 units Manufacturing cost: Variable $20 Fixed (annual) $75,000 Selling and Admin Expenses Variable $6 per unit Fixed (annual) $15,000The company has received a special order for 500 units at a selling price of $45 each. Regular Sales would not be affected and the sales commission on the 500 units would be reduced by one-third. This special order would have no impact on total fixed costs. Required: Determine whether the company should accept the special order. Show all computations.
To determine whether Jerston Company should accept the special order, we need to compare the incremental revenue and costs associated with the order.
Incremental revenue: Number of units in the special order: 500 units, Selling price per unit: $45,Total revenue from the special order: 500 units * $45 = $22,500. Incremental costs: Manufacturing cost per unit: Variable cost of $20.Total manufacturing cost for the special order: 500 units * $20 = $10,000. Selling and Admin Expenses per unit: Variable cost of $6.Total Selling and Admin Expenses for the special order: 500 units * $6 = $3,000
Commission reduction:Sales commission reduction for the special order: one-third of the regular sales commission on 500 units. Regular sales commission on 500 units: 500 units * $45 * 3% (assuming a 3% commission rate) = $675Reduced sales commission on 500 units: $675 / 3 = $225. Total incremental costs: Manufacturing cost: $10,000
Selling and Admin Expenses: $3,000. Reduced sales commission: $225
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Which of the following describe conditions under which a natural monopoly may emerge?
I. High fixed costs create barriers to entry
II. Marginal cost exceeds average cost
III. Long-run average total cost decreases as output increases
1. I
2. I and III
3. II and III
4. I, II, and III
A natural monopoly is a type of monopoly that emerges when a single firm is able to serve the entire market demand for a product or service at a lower cost than any potential competitor. The conditions under which a natural monopoly may emerge are:
High fixed costs create barriers to entry The high fixed cost of investment in infrastructure can be a significant obstacle for new entrants to the market, which may discourage them from competing with an established natural monopoly. As a result, the existing natural monopoly is able to maintain its position in the market.
Marginal cost exceeds average costIf marginal cost exceeds average cost, the natural monopoly will be able to operate more efficiently than any potential competitor. This is because the natural monopoly is able to produce and sell at a lower cost than its competitors.
Long-run average total cost decreases as output increases As output increases, the natural monopoly will be able to spread its fixed costs over a larger volume of production.
This leads to a decrease in the average total cost per unit, which further strengthens the natural monopoly's position in the market.
In conclusion, the conditions that describe under which a natural monopoly may emerge are high fixed costs creating barriers to entry, marginal cost exceeding average cost, and long-run average total cost decreasing as output increases. Therefore, the correct option is 4. I, II, and III.
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Security A and security B both provide semi anual payment of 89 over 5Year. the annual rate of return for both securities is 6.5%. both securities will provide the smae number of payments, but the payments for Security A occur atthe beginning of the month and the payment for Security B occur at the end of the month. What is the difference in the present value of these two sets of payment?
12.86 18.96 15.86 25.98 24.36
Your employer contributes 50 a week to your retirement plan. Assume that you work for your employer for another sixteen years and that the applicable discount rate is 6.5 %,compounded weekly. Givn these assumptions, what is this employee benefit worth to you today?
24135.99
25852.63
24218.04
25920.55
21574.68
Both securities are essentially similar, except for the timing of payments. In general, the sooner the payment is received, the more valuable it is, so the present value of Security A payments will be higher than Security B payments.
in order to find the difference in present value of these two sets of payments, we must subtract the present value of Security B payments from the present value of Security A payments.
The present value of employee benefit given that your employer contributes $50 a week for another 16 years and the applicable discount rate is 6.5%, compounded weekly is as follows:
PV = payment amount x present value factorn the employee benefit is worth $30,231.54 today.
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On May 3, 2020, Leven Corporation negotiated a short-term loan of $930,000. The loan is due October 1,2020 , and carries a 7.20% interest rate. Use ordinary interest to calculate the interest. What is the total amount Leven would pay on the maturity date? (Use Days in a year table.) Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
The total amount Leven would pay on the maturity date is $964,450.28.
1. Calculate the number of days the loan is outstanding. The loan was negotiated on May 3, 2020 and is due October 1, 2020. There are 31 days in May, 28 days in June, 31 days in July, 30 days in August, 31 days in September, and 1 day in October for a total of 161 days.
2. Calculate the interest using the following formula:
Interest = Principal * Interest Rate * Number of Days / 365
Principal = $930,000
Interest Rate = 7.20% = 0.072
Number of Days = 161
Interest = 930,000 * 0.072 * 161 / 365 = $34,450.28
3. Calculate the total amount Leven would pay on the maturity date by adding the interest to the principal.
Total Amount = Principal + Interest
Principal = $930,000
Interest = $34,450.28
Total Amount = 930,000 + 34,450.28 = $964,450.28
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David and Debi Davidson have just signed a 15-year, 4% fixed-rate mortgage for $650,000 to buy their house. Find out this couple's monthly mortgage payment by preparing a loan amortization schedule for the Davidson’s for the first 2 months; find out how much of their payments applied to interest; and after 2 payments, how much of their principal will be reduced.
(Construct a loan amortization schedule and show your calculations for two monthly payments).
David and Debi Davidson have just signed a 15-year, 4% fixed-rate mortgage for $650,000 to buy their house. The monthly payment for mortgage loans can be calculated using the following formula.
M = P [ i(1 + i)^n ] / [ (1 + i)^n – 1]`where P is the principal (amount borrowed), i is the interest rate per month, and n is the number of months for the mortgage loan. Mortgage calculation using the above formula is as follows; Principal amount, P = $650,000.
Interest rate, i = 4% / 12 = 0.0033 (because interest rates are yearly, and there are 12 months in a year)Number of monthly payments, n = 15 years * 12 months/year = 180 months Monthly Mortgage Payment, M = $4,759.72This means that the couple will have to make monthly payments of $4,759.72 over 15 years.
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TestScore =
562.0320+(−6.2856)×CS,R 2
=0.09, SER =12.4
(22.0320)(2.1437)
nstruct a 95% confidence interval for β 1
, the regression slope coefficient. 95% confidence interval for β 1
, the regression slope coefficient, is ( ). (Round your responses to two decimal places.) t-statistic for the two-sided test of the null hypothesis H 0
:β 1
=0 is (Round your response to four decimal places.) e: Assume a normal distribution. rho-value for the two-sided test of the null hypothesis H 0
:β 1
=0 is (Round your response to four decimal places.) you reject the null hypothesis at the 1% level? A. Yes, because the t-statistic is less than 2.58. B. Yes, because the t-statistic is greater than 2.58. C. Yes, because the p-value is less than 0.01. D. No, because the p-value is greater than 0.01. p-value for the two-sided test of the null hypothesis H 0
:β 1
=−6.0 is (Round your response to four decimal places.) hout doing any additional calculations, determine whether −6.0 is contained in the 95% confidence interval for β 1
. A. No, −6.0 is not contained in the 95% confidence interval for β 1
. B. Yes, −6.0 is contained in the 95% confidence interval for β 1
. 99% confidence interval for β 0
is ( 1. (Round your responses to one decimal place.)
The regression slope coefficient and the confidence intervalThe formula for the regression equation, TestScore = 562.0320 + (-6.2856) x CS, gives the Test
Score in a particular course (dependent variable) as a function of the study time (in hours) for that course (independent variable). Here, CS represents study time. The R² value is 0.09, while the Standard Error of Regression (SER) is 12.4. To construct a 95% confidence interval for β1, the regression slope coefficient, we must first obtain the t-statistic for the two-sided test of the null hypothesis H0:β1=0.
For the t-distribution, the critical value for a two-tailed test with 28 degrees of freedom is ±2.048.Using the standard error of the regression (SER), t-statistic, and sample size (n), we can compute the margin of error (ME):ME = t (SER / sqrt(n)) = 2.048 x (12.4 / sqrt(22.0320)) = 10.53The 95% confidence interval for β1 is [(-6.2856 x 2.1437) - ME, (-6.2856 x 2.1437) + ME] = [-29.08, 16.51] (rounded to two decimal places).
Here, we can see that zero is contained within this interval. Therefore, we fail to reject the null hypothesis at the 5% level. We cannot conclude that study time is significantly related to the TestScore.In addition, the p-value for the two-sided test of the null hypothesis H0:β1=0 is 0.2142 (rounded to four decimal places).
This is the probability of getting a t-value at least as extreme as the observed t-value, assuming the null hypothesis is true. Here, since the p-value is greater than 0.01, we fail to reject the null hypothesis at the 1% level.
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Tina has processed the first payroll of the year and would like to reconcile the company's payroll wages to ensure that the total amount paid reconciles to the amount of wages expensed. What 2 reports would Tina use to reconcile payroll wages? Profit and Loss Paycheck History Balance Sheet Payroll Summary Payroll Billing Summary
Tina has processed the first payroll of the year and would like to reconcile the company's payroll wages to ensure that the total amount paid reconciles to the amount of wages expensed. The two reports that Tina would use to reconcile payroll wages are as follows:Payroll SummaryPaycheck HistoryThe Payroll Summary is an important document for managing payroll and keeping track of employee data.
It is a document that provides a summary of an employee's total earnings and deductions for a particular payroll period. The Payroll Summary includes total hours worked, regular hours, overtime hours, and gross and net pay for each employee.
The Paycheck History is a report that provides detailed information about an employee's paycheck history, including the amount of earnings, deductions, and taxes withheld from each paycheck. It is useful for reconciling payroll wages because it provides a detailed record of each employee's earnings and deductions.The two reports are useful for reconciling payroll wages because they provide a comprehensive record of employee earnings, deductions, and taxes withheld. By comparing the total amount paid to the amount of wages expensed, Tina can ensure that the payroll has been processed correctly and that there are no discrepancies.
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1 Purchased Equipment for $300,000. Pay in 30 days. 2 Recorded 1 month of depreciation using SL. Salvage 10,000. Life 60 months. 3 Purchased a compressor (equip) for $100,000. Took out a loan for full amount. 4 Recorded depn, Units of prod. Life 2,000 hrs. $5,000 salvage. Used 300 hrs. 5 Purchased a press for $25,000. Cash 6 Recorded 1 month depn. $7,500 salvage. Used Double Declining Method. 5 yr life 7 Recorded revenue for the month of $120,000. Cash
1. The initial journal entry to record the purchase of equipment will be:
Equipment $300,000
Cash $300,000
2. Straight-line depreciation will be calculated as follows:
Annual Depreciation Expense = (Equipment Cost – Salvage Value) / Useful Life
$300,000 - $10,000 = $290,000
$290,000 ÷ 60 months = $4,833.33 per month
Depreciation Expense $4,833.33
Accumulated Depreciation $4,833.33
3. The initial journal entry to record the purchase of the compressor with a loan will be:
Compressor $100,000
Loan Payable $100,000
4. Units of production depreciation will be calculated as follows:
Depreciation per unit = (Equipment Cost – Salvage Value) / Total Units of Production
Depreciation Expense = Depreciation per unit x Units used
$100,000 - $5,000 = $95,000
$95,000 ÷ 2,000 hours = $47.50 per hour
$47.50 x 300 hours = $14,250
Depreciation Expense $14,250
Accumulated Depreciation $14,250
5. The initial journal entry to record the purchase of the press with cash will be:
Press $25,000
Cash $25,000
Double-declining balance depreciation will be calculated as follows:
Depreciation Rate = 2 ÷ Useful Life
Double-Declining Balance Depreciation Rate = Depreciation Rate x 2
Depreciation Expense for the First Year = (Equipment Cost – Accumulated Depreciation) x Double-Declining Balance Depreciation Rate
$25,000 x 40% = $10,000
Depreciation Expense $10,000
Accumulated Depreciation $10,000
6. Revenue for the month of $120,000 is recorded as follows:
Cash $120,000
Revenue $120,000
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The following data were extracted from the income statement of
Keever Inc.:
Current Year
Previous Year
Sales
$1,357,800
$1,419,100
Beginning inventories
70,074
62,972
Cost of goods sold
The cost of goods sold for the current year is $61,998. It is calculated by subtracting the cost of ending inventory from the cost of goods available for sale.
The given data is showing the income statement of Keever Inc. for the current year and the previous year.
The beginning inventories for the current year and the previous year are 70,074 and 62,972 respectively.
Also, the sales for the current year and the previous year are $1,357,800 and $1,419,100 respectively.
The income statement also includes the cost of goods sold (COGS).
The COGS is the cost of the raw materials used in the production of goods, plus the cost of producing the goods, plus the cost of goods sold in the previous period. The COGS for the current year is not given, so we need to calculate it. COGS can be calculated by subtracting the cost of ending inventory from the cost of goods available for sale.
The cost of goods available for sale is calculated by adding the beginning inventory and the purchases together.
Cost of goods available for sale = Beginning inventory + Purchases
Cost of goods sold = Cost of goods available for sale - Ending inventory
Now, we can calculate the COGS for the current year.
Cost of goods available for sale = 70,074 + Purchases
Cost of goods sold = 70,074 + Purchases - Ending inventory
Therefore, COGS = $1,419,100 - $1,357,800 + 62,972 - 70,074
COGS = $61,998
The COGS for the current year is $61,998.
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Question 16 Sale of a piece of equipment at book value for cash will: decrease working capital. increase working capital. decrease the debt-to-equity ratio. increase net income. Question 17 The gross margin percentage is computed taking the difference between sales and cost of goods sold and then dividing the result by sales. True False
Question 16: Sale of equipment at book value for cash will decrease working capital because it reduces the value of assets, resulting in a lower total of current assets.
Question 17: False. The gross margin percentage is calculated by dividing the gross margin by sales, not by taking the difference between sales and cost of goods sold and dividing it by sales.
Question 16: The sale of a piece of equipment at book value for cash will decrease working capital. When a piece of equipment is sold at book value for cash, it results in a decrease in the value of the equipment asset on the balance sheet. This decrease in assets leads to a decrease in working capital because working capital is calculated as current assets minus current liabilities. Since the equipment is classified as a non-current asset, its sale reduces the total current assets, thereby decreasing working capital.
Question 17: False. The gross margin percentage is computed by dividing the gross margin (the difference between sales and cost of goods sold) by sales. Therefore, the statement is false. The gross margin percentage is not obtained by dividing the difference between sales and cost of goods sold by sales.
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The present value equals the future value when ... Select one: a. none of the above b. Interest rate is lower than zero c. interest rate is higher than zero d. interest rate is zero
The present value equals the future value when the interest rate is zero. When there is no interest rate involved, the present value and the future value of an investment are the same. The correct option is c.
Present value (PV) is the value today of a cash flow or series of cash flows in the future. The future value (FV) is the value that a series of cash flows will have at a specified date in the future, given a specified interest rate. The present value (PV) and future value (FV) of an investment are related to each other by an interest rate, time period, and a compounding period.
To calculate present value, we discount the future cash flows using a discount rate, which is the interest rate that is used to calculate the present value of an investment. Future value, on the other hand, involves calculating how much an investment will be worth at a specified time in the future, given a specific interest rate. The relationship between the present value and the future value of an investment is inverse.
As the present value of an investment increases, the future value decreases, and vice versa. The interest rate plays a crucial role in determining the present value and future value of an investment. In conclusion, the present value equals the future value when the interest rate is zero. The correct option is c.
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Registration by notification Wh nequired for thase issuers of securities who must register with the Secutities and Fxthange Commission (SEC) and the dupici are ficed with the stafes aitministrative agoriey Whyes issuers to olter securities for sale automabicalty arter a stated rime period expire uniess the administrative agency takes a the difences
Registration by notification is required for those issuers of securities who must register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the duplicates are fixed with the states administrative agency.
This is because issuers to offer securities for sale automatically after a stated time period expires unless the administrative agency takes all the defences.
What is Registration by notification?Registration by notification (RN) is an abbreviated registration process that enables certain businesses to register and operate in a state after filing a notification form with the state.
Registration by Notification is a simpler procedure for those issuers who have securities in more than one state, thus they must file duplicate copies with the states administrative agency if they register with the SEC.
The Uniform Securities Act, a model act that serves as a basis for most state securities regulation, allows for registration by notification.
Under this act, an issuer who satisfies particular requirements may register securities by filing a notice of the transaction with the administrator and paying a filing fee.
When the registration takes effect, securities are considered "exempt securities," which may be sold in that state without further registration.
Registration by Notification is an exemption from the full registration provisions of federal securities laws that may be utilized by issuers to offer securities for sale in states where they are not registered.
The issuer may file a notice with the state administrator in the states where it intends to sell securities, and the securities may be sold after a waiting period has expired. The issuer must also file a copy of the notice with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Thus, it can be concluded that RN is a much simpler and less burdensome option than full registration with the SEC, and it is only available to issuers that meet certain qualifications.
However, Registration by notification requires the issuer to provide periodic updates to the state administrator, as well as any material changes to the issuer's business, operations, or ownership.
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Trailblazer ha pent £ 6 bn over the pat two year in advertiing. A a reult, it ha increaed it revenue by £10 bn and it ha reduced the revenue of it competitor by £7 bn. How much i it unk cot?
The correct option is d. £ 6bn .The sunk cost for Trailblazer is £6 billion, representing the amount already spent on advertising over the past two years.
In this scenario, the sunk cost for Trailblazer is the amount of money it has already spent on advertising, which is £6 billion. Sunk costs are costs that have been incurred and cannot be recovered, regardless of the outcomes or impacts they may have. In this case, the £6 billion spent on advertising is a sunk cost because it has already been expended and cannot be reversed. Although the advertising efforts have resulted in an increase in revenues by £10 billion and a reduction in competitors' revenues by £7 billion, these outcomes do not affect the classification of the initial expenditure as a sunk cost. Sunk costs are important to consider when making decisions going forward, as they should not be factored into future decisions since they are irretrievable.
The complete question is
Trailblazer has spent £6 bn over the past two years in advertising. As a result, it has increased its revenues by £10 bn and it has reduced the revenues of its competitors by £7 bn. How much is its sunk cost? a. £ 10bn b. £3bn c. £7bn d. £ 6bn.
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As a person serving in the role of a safety practitioner, how would you explain to a new worker the difference between elimination and substitution controls of the hierarchy of controls. Be specific in your response, and include examples of your work environment or an industry with which you are familiar.
Your response must be at least 200 words in length
As a safety practitioner, when explaining the difference between elimination and substitution controls of the hierarchy of controls to a new worker, it is important to highlight that elimination of the hazard is the best way to prevent harm or injuries. Elimination is the most effective way to protect employees from harm.
In some cases, the hazard may be eliminated altogether, thereby ensuring that there is no risk of injury. Some examples of hazard elimination include using automation to eliminate a manual process, replacing hazardous equipment with safer equipment, and implementing a safer system of work.
Substitution, on the other hand, involves replacing a hazardous substance, process, or equipment with a less hazardous option. Substitution is the second most effective way to control hazards, as it is not always possible to eliminate the hazard altogether.
In some cases, workers may be exposed to hazardous substances or processes that cannot be eliminated completely. For example, if a worker is handling a hazardous chemical, substitution may involve using a less hazardous chemical instead of the one that is currently being used.
Similarly, if workers are working with sharp tools, substitution may involve using blunt tools or tools with safety guards to reduce the risk of injuries.In conclusion, elimination is the most effective way to protect workers from harm, while substitution is the second most effective way.
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A restaurant currently uses 62,500 boxes of napkins each year at a constant daily rate over the 365 days that it is open. The cost to order napkins is $200.00 per order and the annual carrying cost for one box of napkins is $1.00. If the restaurant orders the economic order quantity then the time between orders (order cycle) is
29.2 days
The time between orders, also known as the order cycle, can be calculated using the economic order quantity (EOQ) formula. In this case, the restaurant uses 62,500 boxes of napkins each year at a constant daily rate over 365 days. The cost to order napkins is $200.00 per order, and the annual carrying cost for one box of napkins is $1.00.
To calculate the order cycle, we need to find the economic order quantity (EOQ) first. The EOQ is calculated using the formula:
EOQ = √((2 * Annual Demand * Cost per Order) / Carrying Cost per Unit).
In this case, the annual demand is 62,500 boxes of napkins, the cost per order is $200.00, and the carrying cost per unit is $1.00. Plugging in these values, we find that the EOQ is approximately 11,180.34.
Once we have the EOQ, we can calculate the order cycle using the formula:
Order cycle = (EOQ / Daily Demand) * 365.
Here, the daily demand is the annual demand divided by the number of days the restaurant is open, which is 365. Plugging in the values, we find that the order cycle is approximately 23,912.55 days. Therefore, the time between orders, or the order cycle, is approximately 23,912.55 days.
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Subject : Retail Management
1. Discuss the long term implications of the Movement Control Order (MCO) of 2020 for fast moving consumer goods (FCMG).
2. Discuss the short term implications of the Movement Control Order (MCO) of 2020 due to Covid-19 for fast moving consumer goods (FCMG).
3. Assess the implications that increase credit card usage has for retailers.
4. Assess the implications of the increase of women in the workforce for retailers.
The Movement Control Order (MCO) of 2020 had significant long-term implications for fast moving consumer goods through strict restrictions.
How did the Movement impact the fast moving consumer goods industry?The MCO imposed strict restrictions on movement and social interactions resulting in changes in consumer behavior and preferences. With people spending more time at home, there was a surge in demand for essential goods and household products.
Fast moving consumer goods such as packaged food, personal care items and cleaning supplies experienced increased sales as consumers stocked up on these items during the MCO. This shift in consumer behavior led to changes in supply chain management and inventory planning for fast moving consumer goods companies.
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Which of the following is an example of a primary market transac ion? d out of 1 Select one: O a. BHP issues new bonds which will mature in ten years. O b. Mary sells 1000 Qantas shares through her broker. • c. ANZ bank sells 5% of its investment in an index fund. • d. ANZ bank sells 10-year government bonds that have 5 years to maturity
The primary market is the market for new securities that have never been issued before. The sale of new bonds by BHP, which will mature in ten years, is an example of a primary market transaction.
The company issues the bonds in the primary market, raises money from investors, and pays interest over the life of the bond, which is ten years in this case. Primary Market transactions A primary market transaction is a type of transaction in which a company raises capital by issuing new securities. It is also known as a new issue market, and it's where a company can sell its shares, bonds, and other financial instruments to the public for the first time.
In the primary market, securities are sold by the issuer directly to investors, and the proceeds go to the issuer. Securities sold in the primary market are traded in the secondary market.BHP issues new bonds that will mature in ten years is a primary market transaction. In this case, BHP is the issuer of the securities, and investors are the buyers of the securities. The proceeds from the bond sale go to BHP, and the investors earn interest on the bond over the life of the bond, which is ten years in this case. So, Option A is the correct answer.
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Vilas Company is considering a capital investment of $216,000 in additional productive facilities. The new machinery is expected to have a useful life of 5 years with no salvage value. Depreciation is by the straight-line method. During the life of the investment, annual net income and net annual cash flows are expected to be $18,468 and $45,000, respectively. Vilas has a 12% cost of capital rate, which is the required rate of return on the investment. Click here to view the factor table. (a) Compute the cash payback period. (Round answer to 1 decimal place, eg. 10.5.) Cash payback period years Compute the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure. (Round answer to 2 decimol ploces es. 10.520) Annual rate of return
(a) Compute the cash payback period.Cash payback period refers to the time period it takes for a company to get back the initial investment made on a project or an asset. It is calculated by dividing the initial investment by the annual net cash flow. Cash payback period years= $216,000/$45,000=4.8 years.
Therefore, the cash payback period is 4.8 years. (rounded to 1 decimal place).(b) Compute the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure.The annual rate of return refers to the percentage of the initial investment earned back annually. It is calculated using the following formula Annual rate of return = (Average annual net cash flow/Initial investment) x 100.
The average annual net cash flow is calculated by dividing the total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset by the number of years. The total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset is the difference between the cash inflows and the cash outflows. Annual rate of return=((Average annual net cash flow/Initial investment) x 100)
where Average annual net cash flow= (Total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset) / (Number of years)Total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset = (Cash inflows - Cash outflows)
Annual net cash flow = Net income + DepreciationAnnual net cash flow = $18,468Annual depreciation = ($216,000 - 0) / 5 years= $43,200Total net cash flow over the useful life of the asset = ($45,000 x 5) - $216,000= $9,000Annual average net cash flow = $9,000 / 5 years= $1,800
Annual rate of return=((Average annual net cash flow/Initial investment) x 100)=($1,800 / $216,000) x 100=0.83 or 0.83% (rounded to 2 decimal places) Therefore, the annual rate of return on the proposed capital expenditure is 0.83% (rounded to 2 decimal places).
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A bottleneck occurs when capacity exceeds demand and resources wait for work. true or false
A bottleneck occurs when demand exceeds capacity, not the other way around and hence the statement is false.
False. A bottleneck occurs when demand exceeds capacity and resources are unable to keep up with the workload. In a bottleneck situation, the capacity of a particular process or resource is insufficient to handle the demand placed on it, resulting in a slowdown or delay in the overall workflow.
When capacity exceeds demand, it typically indicates that there is spare capacity or resources available to handle the workload efficiently. In such cases, resources are not waiting for work, but rather, there is a surplus capacity that is underutilized. This situation may lead to inefficient resource allocation but does not qualify as a bottleneck.
Bottlenecks commonly occur in various systems, such as manufacturing, transportation, or service industries, where there are constraints on resources or process capacity. Identifying and addressing bottlenecks is crucial for optimizing efficiency and improving overall system performance.
To mitigate bottlenecks, strategies such as process redesign, resource allocation, or implementing measures to increase capacity can be employed. Understanding the true nature of bottlenecks is essential in effectively managing workflow and resource utilization within an organization.
Therefore, a bottleneck occurs when demand exceeds capacity, not the other way around.
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Consider a 529 (college savings) plan that will pay $20,000 once a year for a 4-year period (4 annual payments). The first payment will come in exactly 5 years (at the end of year 5) and the last payment in 8 years (at the end of year 8). a. What is the duration of the pension obligation? The current interest rate is 8% per year for all maturities. b. To generate the scheduled payments, the fund would like to invest the present value of the future payouts in bonds and match the duration of its obligation in part a). If the fund uses 5-year and 10-year zero-coupon bonds to construct its investment position, how much money (dollar amount) ought to be placed in each bond now? What should be the total face value (not current market value) of each zero-coupon bond held? c. Right after the fund made its investment outlined in part b), market interest rates for all maturities dropped from 8% p.a.to 7% p.a. Show that the investment position constructed in part b) can still fund (approximately) the future payments by showing that the fund’s net investment is close to 0 at the end of year 8 after making all the scheduled payments. Assume that interest rates will remain at 7% p.a. Any excess cash from the 5-year investment will be reinvested at 7% and any fraction of the 10-
year bonds held can be sold at the going market price at any time to fund the annual payments.
a. To find the duration of the pension obligation, we have to calculate the weighted average of all the payments. We use the following formula:[tex]$$D=\frac{\sum{t_i \times PVIF_i}}{\sum{PVIF_i}}$$[/tex] where [tex]$t_i$[/tex] is the time until each payment is received and [tex]$PVIF_i$[/tex]
is the present value interest factor for each payment.The PVIF for $i$ payment at an interest rate of 8% per year is given as:[tex]$$PVIF_i=\frac{1}{(1+0.08)^{t_i}}$$[/tex]
Therefore, the duration of the pension obligation,[tex]$D$, is:$$D=\frac{(5\times3.99)+(6\times3.53)+(7\times3.17)+(8\times2.85)}{3.99+3.53+3.17+2.85}=6.10\text{ years}$$[/tex]
Therefore, the duration of the pension obligation is 6.10 years. b. In this part, we need to find the amount of money that ought to be placed in each bond now. We use the following formula to calculate the present value of each payment.
[tex]$$PV_i=FV_i\times PVIF_i$$[/tex] where $FV_i$ is the future value of the $i$-th payment and $PV_i$ is the present value of the $i$-th payment.Using the given information, we get the present value of each payment as follows: [tex]$$PV_1=\frac{20000}{(1+0.08)^5}=12,411.10$$$$PV_2=\frac{20000}{(1+0.08)^6}=11,048.85$$$$PV_3=\frac{20000}{(1+0.08)^7}=9,868.68$$$$PV_4=\frac{20000}{(1+0.08)^8}=8,856.43$$[/tex] Now, let's find the weights for each zero-coupon bond using the following formula:$$w_i=\frac{PV_i}{V}$$where $V$ is the total present value of all the payments, which is:[tex]$$V=PV_1+PV_2+PV_3+PV_4=42,185.07$$[/tex]
Therefore, the weights for each bond are:[tex]$$w_{5\text{-year}}=\frac{PV_1+PV_2}{V}=0.5359$$$$w_{10\text{-year}}=\frac{PV_3+PV_4}{V}=0.4641$$[/tex] Now, we need to find the dollar amount that ought to be placed in each bond. Let's assume that the face value of the zero-coupon bond is $F$. Then, we can find the dollar amount that ought to be placed in each bond using the following formulas.
[tex]$$\text{Amount invested in 5-year bond}=(w_{5\text{-year}}\times V)\div PVIF_{5\text{-year}}}$$and$$[/tex] \text{Amount invested in 10-year bond}=(w_{10\text{-year}}\times V)\div PVIF_{10\text{-year}}}[tex]$$where $PVIF_{5\text{-year}}$ and $PVIF_{10\text{-year}}$[/tex] are the present value interest factors for the 5-year and 10-year zero-coupon bonds, respectively.Using the given information, we get:[tex]$PVIF_{5\text{-year}}=\frac{1}{(1+0.08)^5}=0.6806$$and$$[/tex] PVIF_{10\text{-year}}=\frac{1}{(1+0.08)^{10}}=0.4632$$Substituting these values in the above equations, we get the following amounts:$$\text{Amount invested in 5-year bond}=22,677.58$$and$$\text{Amount invested in 10-year bond}=23,313.49$$Now.
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which of the following is a legitimate reason for a broker to remove a deposit from her escrow account?
A broker may remove a deposit from their escrow account for various reasons, but these reasons must be legitimate. A legitimate reason for a broker to remove a deposit from their escrow account is when the transaction closes successfully.
A broker’s escrow account is a financial account that they use to hold deposits made by their clients. This account is usually used to secure the buyer’s interest in the transaction and to ensure that the seller receives their payment when the transaction is complete.
There are several reasons why a broker may remove a deposit from their escrow account. Some of these reasons may include the following. When the transaction closes successfully. When there is an agreement between the buyer and the seller.
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most people have rational expectations, it would be safe to say this supports that economic adjustments will happen quickly and thus support neoclassical theory. economic adjustments will not happen quickly and thus does not support neoclassical theory. economic adjustments won't be impacted and have no impact on the neoclassical theory. economic adjustments will happen quickly and thus support Keynesian theory. 11 of 25 An increase in the long-run aggregate supply curve, all else constant, would result in growth in income and output and increase in the price level. decline in income and output and increase in the price level. growth in income and output and decrease in price level. no change in income and output. 12 of 25 The neoclassical long-run aggregate supply curve implies the Phillips curve is a vertical shape indicating there is no long-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment. Phillips curve is a vertical shape indicating there is a long-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment. Phillips curve is an upward sloping curve indicating there is no long-run tradeoft between inflation and unemployment. Phillips curve is a downward sloping curve indicating there is a iong-run tradeoff between intlation and unemployment:
The term "rational expectations" refers to an economic theory in which people base their expectations about future events on all available information, including past events, current information, and the expected effects of future events.
Rational expectations theory assumes that people are rational, meaning that they make decisions based on the best available information and that they do not suffer from systematic biases. As a result, they make predictions about the future that are consistent with the outcomes that are most likely to occur.
Most people have rational expectations, and this supports that economic adjustments will happen quickly, thus supporting the neoclassical theory. An increase in the long-run aggregate supply curve, all else constant, would result in growth in income and output and a decrease in the price level.
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Using the chart below, indicate whether or not there is a main effect of employment, first-gen status, and/or an interaction between these two variables. Make sure to show your marginal means and other relevant calculations. [6 pts] c. Graph the data in the above table in either bar graph or line graph format. Be sure to include all proper labels for your axes and your variables.
The chart below illustrates the data for the study regarding the effects of first-gen status and employment on college students' GPA. Overall, the graph and the calculations reveal that the interaction between Employment and First-gen status has a significant effect on students' GPAs.
In the chart below, we can see that the interaction effect of Employment x First-gen Status is significant since there is a significant difference between the groups' marginal means.
The graph shows that students who are not employed and are first-gen have a lower mean GPA than students who are not employed and are not first-gen.
[tex][math] \textbf{Marginal Means:} [/math][/tex]
Unemployed/First-gen: 2.8
Employed/First-gen: 3.4
Unemployed/Non-First-gen: 3.4
Employed/Non-First-gen: 3.7
[tex][math] \textbf{Calculations:} [/math][/tex]
Main Effect of Employment:
[tex][math] \frac{2.8+3.7}{2} = 3.25 [/math][/tex]
[tex][math] \frac{3.4+3.4}{2} = 3.4 [/math][/tex]
Main Effect of First-gen:
[tex][math] \frac{2.8+3.4}{2} = 3.1 [/math][/tex]
[tex][math] \frac{3.4+3.7}{2} = 3.55 [/math][/tex]
Interaction Effect:
Unemployed/First-gen: 2.8
Employed/First-gen: 3.4
Difference: 0.6
Unemployed/Non-First-gen: 3.4
Employed/Non-First-gen: 3.7
Difference: 0.3
Difference between differences: 0.3
Hence, there is a significant interaction effect between the two variables.
The graph representing the data in the table can be constructed as shown below:
Axes and Variables:
X-Axis: Employment Status
Y-Axis: GPA
Red bars: First-gen students
Blue bars: Non-first-gen students
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The activity cost allocation rate is computed by dividing: 1) total actual indirect costs of activity by total actual quantity of cost allocation base. 2) total actual indirect costs of activity by estimated total estimated activity allocation base. 3) total estimated activity cost pool by total estimated activity allocation base. 4) total estimated indirect costs of activity by total actual quantity of cost allocation base.
Activity cost allocation rate is computed by dividing the total estimated activity cost pool by total estimated activity allocation base. This is a rate used to distribute the indirect costs of activities to cost objects.
Cost allocation rates represent the cost of performing a particular activity for each cost object. The indirect costs of an activity are allocated to cost objects such as products, services, or customers using activity cost allocation rates
. The indirect costs of an activity are allocated to cost objects based on the actual or estimated consumption of the activity by each cost object.
The computation of activity cost allocation rates is important in understanding the cost of performing an activity.
It provides a way to measure the cost of performing an activity for each cost object, which can be used to make decisions about pricing, product mix, and other business decisions.
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Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Del Gato Clinic's cash account shows a $11,557 debit balance and its bank statement shows $10,864 on deposit at the close of business on June 30 . a. Outstanding checks as of June 30 total $1,522. b. The June 30 bank statement lists a $20 bank service charge. c. Check No. 919, listed with the canceled checks, was correctly drawn for $389 in payment of a utility bill on June 15. Del Gato Clinic mistakenly recorded it with a debit to Utilities Expense and a credit to Cash in the amount of $398. d. The June 30 cash receipts of $2,204 were placed in the bank's night depository after banking hours and were not recorded on the June 30 bank statement. Prepare its bank reconciliation using the above information.
Del Gato Clinic's bank reconciliation reveals a $693 adjusted balance, accounting for outstanding checks, bank service charge, and unrecorded cash receipts.
The bank reconciliation for Del Gato Clinic is as follows: The adjusted balance is obtained by subtracting the outstanding checks ($1,522) and adding the unrecorded cash receipts ($2,204) to the bank statement balance ($10,864).
The adjusted balance is $12,546 ($10,864 + $2,204 - $1,522). To reconcile this with the cash account balance, we consider the errors and discrepancies.
Check No. 919 is adjusted by deducting the recorded amount ($398) and adding the correct amount ($389) to the cash account. The bank service charge of $20 is also deducted. After making these adjustments, the adjusted cash account balance is $11,557, matching the bank reconciliation's adjusted balance.
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Del Gato Clinic's bank reconciliation reveals a $693 adjusted balance, accounting for outstanding checks, bank service charge, and unrecorded cash receipts.
The bank reconciliation for Del Gato Clinic is as follows: The adjusted balance is obtained by subtracting the outstanding checks ($1,522) and adding the unrecorded cash receipts ($2,204) to the bank statement balance ($10,864).
The adjusted balance is $12,546 ($10,864 + $2,204 - $1,522). To reconcile this with the cash account balance, we consider the errors and discrepancies. Check No. 919 is adjusted by deducting the recorded amount ($398) and adding the correct amount ($389) to the cash account. The bank service charge of $20 is also deducted. After making these adjustments, the adjusted cash account balance is $11,557, matching the bank reconciliation's adjusted balance.
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Wildhorse Shoe Stores management forecasts that it will sell 7.500 pairs of shoes next year. The firm buys its shoes for $50 per pair from the wholesaler and sells them for $75 per pair. If the firm will incur fixed costs plus depreciation and amortization of $100,000, then what is the percent increase in EBIT if the actual sales next year equal 8,900 pairs of shoes instead of 7,500? \{Round answer to 2 decimal palces, es.15.25%) EBIT will increase by
Given that Wild horse Shoe Stores management forecasts that it will sell 7,500 pairs of shoes next year. The firm buys its shoes for[tex]$50[/tex] per pair from the wholesaler and sells them for [tex]$75[/tex] per pair.
If the firm incurs fixed costs plus depreciation and amortization of [tex]$100,000[/tex], then we need to calculate the EBIT percent increase if the actual sales next year equal 8,900 pairs of shoes instead of 7,500.
[tex]EBIT = (Total Revenue - Total Expenses)[/tex] Now,
[tex]Total Revenue = Number of shoes sold[/tex]
* [tex]Selling price = 7500[/tex]
* [tex]75 = $562500[/tex]
[tex]Expenses = Cost of Shoes[/tex]
*[tex]Number of shoes sold + Fixed costs and depreciation= 50[/tex]
* [tex]7500 + 100000= $475000[/tex] So,
[tex]EBIT = 562500 - 475000[/tex]
[tex]= $87500[/tex]
Again, when the number of shoes sold is 8900,
[tex]Revenue = Number of shoes sold[/tex]
* [tex]Selling price = 8900[/tex]
* [tex]75 = $667500[/tex]
[tex]Expenses = Cost of Shoes[/tex]
* [tex]Number of shoes sold + Fixed costs and depreciation= 50[/tex]
* [tex]8900 + 100000= $535000[/tex] So,
[tex]EBIT = 667500 - 535000[/tex]
[tex]= $132500[/tex]
Therefore, Percent increase in
[tex]EBIT = (New EBIT - Old EBIT)/Old EBIT[/tex]
* [tex]100= (132500 - 87500)/87500[/tex]
* [tex]100= 51.43%[/tex]
Therefore, the percent increase in EBIT if the actual sales next year equal 8,900 pairs of shoes instead of 7,500 will be 51.43%.[tex]Selling price = 7500[/tex]
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The following balances were extracted from the books of TopWatch Sdn Bhd for the year ended 31 December \( 2021 . \) Additional information: i. Closing inventory at 31 December \( 20.1 \) was valued a
The following balances were extracted from the books of Top Watch Sdn Bhd for the year ended 31 December (2021):
Additional information:
Closing inventory at 31 December (20.1) was valued at RM37,700.
Depreciation is to be provided as follows: Buildings - 3% per annum on cost
Furniture and fittings - 10% per annum on reducing balance basis Motor vehicles - 25% per annum on reducing balance basis Required:
Prepare a trading, profit and loss account for the year ended 31 December 2021.2. Prepare a balance sheet as at 31 December 2021. Trading, Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31 December 2021 Particulars RM RM Sales110,800
Less: Cost of goods sold Opening inventory (1 Jan 2021)21,300
Add: Purchases82,400 Carriage inwards4,200 Less: Closing inventory (31 Dec 2021)(37,700) (70,200) Gross profit40,600 Less: Expenses Depreciation Buildings(6,000)
Furniture and fittings [10% of (18,600 + 7,400)](2,260) Motor vehicles [25% of (30,000 + 12,000)](10,500) Salaries and wages23,600 Rent and rates7,400
Electricity2,100 Insurance3,200 Printing and stationery 900
Miscellaneous1,800 Bank charges420 Audit fees3,000 (60,180) Net loss(19,580) Balance Sheet as at 31 December 2021
Particulars Note Amount RM Amount RM Fixed assets CostBuildings1Furniture and fittings1Motor vehicles1Less: Accumulated depreciation Buildings Furniture and fittings Motor vehicles(74,000)(18,600)(30,000)(22,800)(5,100)(15,000)
Net book value25,100Current assetsStock2Debtors3Bank balance4 Cash at bank and in hand3,70021,8005,6003,700Total assets30,300Current liabilities Creditors and accruals5Taxation6(2,400)(5,100)
Net current assets23,800Financed by: Capital and reserves Opening capital Add: Net loss(29,200)19,580(9,620)
Long-term liabilities Loan from Bank Rakyat7(15,000)
Total financed by29,200
Notes:1. Fixed assets Buildings RM Furniture and fittings RM Motor vehicles RM Cost 85,000 28,000 48,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation 11,000 7,600 18,000 Net book value 74,000 20,400 30,000
Depreciation Buildings = 3% x RM85,000 = RM2,550 Furniture and fittings = 10% of (RM28,000 + RM10,000) = RM3,800 Motor vehicles = 25% of (RM48,000 + RM24,000) = RM18,7502.
Closing inventoryRM37,7003. Debtors
RM Sales on credit125,000 Less: Cash sales14,200 110,800
Less: Bad debts1,200 109,6004. Bank balanceRM Loan repayment15,000
Add: Profit for the year19,580
Less: Drawings(30,000) 5,160 10,7605.
Creditors and accruals RM Creditors3,800 Accruals600 4,4006. Taxation RM RM Tax expense (see note 2)3,800
Less: Tax paid1,700 Tax payable2,1007. Loan from Bank Rakyat RM The loan was used to purchase motor vehicles.
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before executing a large block order, a trader recommends the same stock to many of the firm's clients who also purchase it. the trader's prohibited action is referred to as:
Before executing a large block order, a trader recommends the same stock to many of the firm's clients who also purchase it. The trader's prohibited action is referred to as front-running. Thus, option (c) is correct.
A major transaction that is anticipated to have a significant impact on a security's price is called a "front-runner," and it is prohibited to trade stocks based on this knowledge.
This trader is giving the identical stock recommendation to a number of the firm's clients before placing a sizable block order, which gives them an unfair edge over other investors who do not have access to this information.
Due to the trader's use of knowledge that is not yet available to the public, front-running is regarded as an instance of insider trading and market manipulation.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was.
Before executing a large block order, a trader recommends the same stock to many of the firm's clients who also purchase it. The trader's prohibited action is referred to as
A. Pegging
B. Making unsuitable recommendations
C. Front-running
D. Insider trading
