A mug slides across a horizontal counter with initial speed v.It slides off the 0.86m high counter and lands 1.4m from the base.What was its initial speed?A)0.18 m/sB)0.43 m/sC)0.58 m/sD)2.39 m/sE)3.34 m/s

In a) Energy will stay the same as no transfer or energy while in b) Entropy will increase due to increase in disorder from hot to cold object.

The full solution and explanation:

a. In this process, the energy of the system stays the same according to the Law of Conservation of Energy. The energy that is lost by the hot metal sphere is gained by the cold liquid in the beaker, and no energy is gained or lost by the system as a whole. However, during the process, heat flows from the hot metal sphere to the cold liquid, so there is a transfer of energy.

b. In this process, the entropy of the system increases. Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system, and during this process, the heat flows from a hot object to a colder object, which increases the disorder of the system. As a result, the entropy of the system increases, which is consistent with the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Answer is solids

Solids have definite shape and volume.

Liquids do not have shape but have volume. The take the shape of the container.

Gases do not have shape nor volume.

1) The wavelength at which the Sun's spectrum peaks is approximately 5.02 x 10^-7 m, and the frequency at which it peaks is approximately 5.99 x 10^14 H

2) The color corresponding to this wavelength is yellow-green

3) The energy flux of the Sun is much higher than that of a red dwarf of the same size, by a factor of approximately 1.9 x 10^4.

To determine the wavelength and frequency at which the Sun's spectrum peaks, we can use Wien's displacement law which states that the peak wavelength of blackbody radiation is inversely proportional to the temperature of the object. Mathematically,

λ_max = b/T

where λ_max is the peak wavelength, T is the temperature of the object, and b is Wien's displacement constant, which is equal to approximately 2.898 x 10^-3 m*K.

Substituting T = 5780 K and b = 2.898 x 10^-3 m*K, we get:

λ_max = (2.898 x 10^-3 m*K) / (5780 K) = 5.02 x 10^-7 m

Therefore, the wavelength at which the Sun's spectrum peaks is approximately 5.02 x 10^-7 m.

We can also use the relationship between wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic radiation:

c = λf

where c is the speed of light (3 x 10^8 m/s), λ is the wavelength, and f is the frequency.

Rearranging the equation to solve for f, we get:

f = c/λ = (3 x 10^8 m/s) / (5.02 x 10^-7 m) = 5.99 x 10^14 Hz

2) The color corresponding to this wavelength is yellow-green, which is in the middle of the visible spectrum.

3) The energy flux of a star is proportional to its surface temperature to the fourth power (Stefan-Boltzmann law), so the energy flux of the Sun can be calculated as:

E_Sun = σT^4A

where σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 10^-8 W/m^2 K^4), T is the temperature of the Sun (5780 K), and A is the surface area of the Sun. Assuming the Sun has a radius of approximately 696,340 km, we get:

A_Sun = 4π(696,340 km)^2 = 6.09 x 10^18 m^2

Substituting these values, we get:

E_Sun = (5.67 x 10^-8 W/m^2 K^4) x (5780 K)^4 x (6.09 x 10^18 m^2) = 3.85 x 10^26 W

Now, let's compare this to the energy flux of a red dwarf with a temperature of 2000 K. Using the same equation, we get:

E_red dwarf = (5.67 x 10^-8 W/m^2 K^4) x (2000 K)^4 x (6.09 x 10^18 m^2) = 2.03 x 10^22 W

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The time of impact taken to make the ball fully stops is A. 0.025 s

Time is the duration of an event

Since a man threw a 0.05 kg baseball towards a receiver with a speed of 15 m/s, the receiver catches the ball making it at rest. The force of impact was measured to be 30 N. To find the time taken to make the ball stop, we use Newtons's third law of motion. which states that The force acting on an object equals the rate of change of momentum. The change in momentum is the impulse

F = Δp/Δt where

Making Δt the time of impact subject of the formula, we have

Δt = Δp/F

Now Δp = m(v - u) where

So, Δt = Δp/F

Δt = m(v - u)/F

Since

Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have that

Δt = m(v - u)/F

Δt = 0.05 kg(0 m/s - 15 m/s)/30 N

Δt = 0.05 kg(-15 m/s)/30 N

Δt = -0.75 kgm/s/30 N

Δt = -0.025 s

So, the time is A. 0.025 s

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The kinetic energy of the particle of the gas best describes about the energy in a gas.

The energy possessed by a body by the virtue of its motion is called the kinetic energy of a body.

We know that the particles of the gas are in a continuous random motion and because these particles are in motion they will possess some kinetic energy and it is a very convenient things for us to calculate the kinetic energy of the body to have a rough idea about the energy that is present in the gas or we can say the particle of the gas.

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A slide would be the best object to investigate how gravitational potential energy transforms into kinetic energy.

option A.

When a person slides down a slide, they start at the top of the slide with potential energy due to their position relative to the ground. As they slide down, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is energy due to motion. At the bottom of the slide, the person has reached their maximum speed and all their potential energy has been converted into kinetic energy.

By measuring the height of the slide and the speed of the person at the bottom of the slide, the student can investigate how gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy. This can be done by calculating the amount of potential energy at the top of the slide and comparing it to the kinetic energy at the bottom of the slide.

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In Fahrenheit, 35.6 degrees Celsius is equivalent to 128.08 degrees.

Use the formula below for the convert 35.6 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit:

°F = (°C x 1.8) + 32

The process of translating a temperature from one scale to another is referred to as temperature conversion. Temperature conversions between the several regularly used temperature scales, including Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin, are frequently required.

where the temperature is expressed in degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and degrees Celsius (°C).

Plugging in 35.6 degrees Celsius yields the following results:

°F = (35.6 x 1.8) + 32 °F

=> 96.08 + 32 °F

=> 128.08

As a result, 35.6 Celsius is equivalent to 128.08 Fahrenheit.

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When preparing a wet mount specimen for viewing, it should be covered with a coverslip.

A coverslip is a thin, flat piece of glass or plastic that is placed over the specimen on the slide. It is used to protect the specimen from being compressed or damaged, and to prevent evaporation of the liquid medium that the specimen is suspended in. The coverslip also helps to keep the specimen in focus and allows the viewer to observe the specimen clearly under a microscope.

To prepare a wet mount, a small amount of the specimen is placed on a microscope slide and a drop of liquid medium (such as water, saline, or stain) is added. The coverslip is then placed over the specimen at a slight angle and carefully lowered onto the slide to avoid trapping air bubbles. The coverslip should be pressed down gently to flatten the specimen and remove any excess liquid, but not so hard as to crush the specimen.

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If a musical note has a frequency of 212 Hz and a wavelength of 425 m, its velocity is 90.1 m/s.

The speed of sound is a relationship between frequency and wavelength, mathematically represented as follows:

speed = frequency x wavelength

In this case, the frequency is 212 Hz and the wavelength is 0.425 m. Plugging these values into the equation gives:

speed = frequency x wavelength

speed = 212 Hz x 0.425 m

speed = 90.1 m/s

Therefore, we can affirm that the the speed of the sound of the musical note is 90.1 m/s.

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The Doppler effect is the change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source and/or receiver.

The shift in wave frequency that happens when a wave source and its observer move in relation to one another is known as the "Doppler Effect."

The number of waves that pass a fixed place in a unit of time is referred to as frequency in physics. It also indicates how many vibrations or cycles a body during periodic motion makes in a given amount of time.

When a source or receiver moves, a wave's frequency changes, and this is known as the Doppler effect.

The correct term to complete the sentence is "frequency".

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Question - Complete the sentence.

The Doppler effect is the change in__________ of a wave due to the motion of the source and/or receiver.

Answer:

frequency

Explanation:

That is the answer

Answer: kgm^2/s^2 for SI units, or J for short

Explanation:

this is pretty self explanatory and I don’t think I could break it down further

So the answer with two significant figures and appropriate units is Kinetic energy at second point is 3.7 x 10^6 J or 3.7 MJ.

Kinetic energy is a form of energy that an object possesses by virtue of its motion. It is defined as the energy that an object has due to its mass and velocity. The formula shows that the kinetic energy of an object increases as its mass and velocity increase. For example, a heavy truck traveling at a high speed has a higher kinetic energy than a small car traveling at the same speed. The concept of kinetic energy is important in physics, as it is used to explain many phenomena, such as collisions, projectile motion, and the behavior of waves. It is also useful in engineering and other fields, as it helps to quantify the energy required for different types of motion, such as in machines or vehicles.

Here,

According to the law of conservation of energy, the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant if there are no external forces acting on the system. In the case of a satellite in an elliptical orbit around the Earth, the total mechanical energy is the sum of its kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy.

We can use this principle to solve for the kinetic energy of the satellite when its potential energy is 5600 MJ. We know that the total mechanical energy is conserved, so:

Total mechanical energy at first point = Total mechanical energy at second point

(KE + PE)1 = (KE + PE)2

Substituting the given values:

4100 MJ + 5200 MJ = KE2 + 5600 MJ

Simplifying:

KE2 = (4100 MJ + 5200 MJ - 5600 MJ)

KE2 = 3700 MJ

Therefore, the kinetic energy of the satellite at the second point is 3700 MJ. It's important to note that the units for energy are Joules (J), and mega-Joules (MJ) are equal to 1,000,000 Joules.

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Option A Thermal energy will increase is a change that will occur in a system with increasing entropy.

Thermal energy increases in a system with increasing entropy because this energy is a measure f the movement of the particles which is directly associated with the chaotic state of the matter and therefore also with entropy, a measurement of the chaos in the universe.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that thermal energy increases in a system with increasing entropy due to chaos.

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If the net force on a car is zero in both the horizontal and vertical directions, then the car is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity in a straight line.

In physics, force is a physical quantity that describes the interaction between two objects or systems. It is a vector quantity, which means that it has both magnitude and direction. Force is commonly measured in units of newtons (N). A force can cause an object to accelerate, change direction, or deform. For example, when a person pushes a shopping cart, they are applying a force to the cart, which causes it to accelerate and move in a certain direction. When a weight is placed on a spring, the weight exerts a force on the spring, causing it to deform. The magnitude of a force is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum of an object. The direction of the force is in the direction of the change of momentum. According to Newton's second law of motion, the net force on an object is equal to the product of the object's mass and its acceleration: F = ma. Forces can be divided into various categories, such as contact forces (e.g., friction, tension) and non-contact forces (e.g., gravity, electrostatic forces). Understanding forces and their effects is important in a wide range of fields, including mechanics, materials science, and engineering.

Here,

If the car is at rest, then it is not moving at all, and the forces acting on it are balanced. In this case, the net force is zero in both the horizontal and vertical directions. If the car is moving with a constant velocity in a straight line, then it is in a state of uniform motion. This means that the car is moving at a constant speed in a straight line, and the forces acting on it are balanced. In this case, the net force is also zero in both the horizontal and vertical directions. It is important to note that if the net force on a car is not zero, then the car will accelerate in the direction of the net force. This means that its velocity will change, either in speed or direction or both.

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The hang time of the parachute increased with string length, increasing air resistance. Even while gravity was always pushing on the object, the shorter strings increased the force it was exerting.

Gravity and drag are the main forces affecting a parachute. When you initially open the parachute, gravity pulls it downward and causes it to fall quickly to the ground. Yet, the amount of drag increases with falling speed.

The more air that needs to be forced out of the way by a parachute's bigger surface area, the slower it descends.

Air resistance rises with string length, prolonging the hang time and affecting the descent of the parachute. The shorter ropes increased the force that gravity was imposing on the object even though gravity was always pulling on it.

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The second law of thermodynamics is a fundamental principle in physics that relates to the direction of energy transfer in a system. In general, the second law states that the total entropy of a closed system cannot decrease over time.

Energy is a fundamental concept in physics that refers to the ability of a system to do work.

In simpler terms, the second law of thermodynamics implies that energy spontaneously flows from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration and that this flow will result in an overall increase in the system's entropy or disorder. This is often described as the "arrow of time," as it explains why time seems to only move forward, and not backward.

The second law also implies that energy cannot be completely converted from one form to another without some energy being lost to the environment, due to the fact that some energy is always converted to heat and dispersed into the surroundings. This is known as the law of energy conservation or the principle of energy degradation.

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Ohm's law has three formulas, which are V = IR, I = V/R, and R = V/I.

Ohm's law describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit. The first formula, V = IR, states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, with the constant of proportionality being the resistance of the resistor.

The second formula, I = V/R, expresses the current flowing through a resistor in terms of the voltage across it and the resistance of the resistor. Finally, the third formula, R = V/I, gives the resistance of a resistor in terms of the voltage across it and the current flowing through it. These formulas are commonly used in analyzing and designing electrical circuits.

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Kepler's laws demonstrate how gravity affects orbits. They pertain to any orbiting object, such as planets around the Sun and moons.

Our planet is subject to incredibly significant impacts from the sun: By photosynthesis, it supports seasons, climate, ocean currents, weather, and plant life. Life on Earth just wouldn't live without the heat and light provided by the sun. The solar system's centre is where the sun is located. The sun is a sizable ball of hot gases that spins and glows.

A liquid will expand in order to fill a closed container while inside of it. The air you inhale is an example of a gas. When applied to matter, the word "gas" can also refer to the state.

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Answer:

Wtotal = KEfinal - KEinitial

42.81 J + 1.47 N * u^2 * 1.70 m/kg

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we can use the work-energy principle, which states that the net work done on an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy. We can break the problem down into several steps to determine the total work done on the box and its final kinetic energy.

Step 1: Find the work done by gravity

The gravitational force acting on the box as it moves up the incline is given by Fg = mgsin(theta), where m is the mass of the box, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and theta is the angle of the incline. The work done by gravity over a vertical distance h is given by Wg = Fg*h. Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:

Fg = 2.50 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * sin(30.0°) = 12.23 N

Wg = Fg * 3.50 m = 42.81 J

Step 2: Find the work done by friction

The frictional force acting on the box is given by Ff = mgcos(theta)mu, where mu is the kinetic coefficient of friction. The work done by friction over a horizontal distance s is given by Wf = Ffs. Since the box starts from rest and comes to a stop, the work done by friction must be equal to the initial kinetic energy of the box. Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:

Ff = 2.50 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * cos(30.0°) * 6.00x10^-2 = 1.47 N

Wf = Ff * s

To find the distance s, we can use the fact that the box comes to a stop at the highest point of its trajectory, where its final velocity is zero. Using the equations of motion, we can find the distance s:

v^2 - u^2 = 2as

where v is the final velocity (0 m/s), u is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration (given by Ff/m), and s is the distance traveled.

Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:

0 - u^2 = 2 * (1.47 N) / 2.50 kg * s

s = u^2 / (2 * (1.47 N) / 2.50 kg) = u^2 * 1.70 m/kg

Step 3: Find the total work done on the box

The total work done on the box is the sum of the work done by gravity and the work done by friction:

Wtotal = Wg + Wf = 42.81 J + Ff * s

Plugging in the values of Ff and s, we get:

Wtotal = 42.81 J + 1.47 N * u^2 * 1.70 m/kg

Step 4: Find the initial kinetic energy and final kinetic energy

The initial kinetic energy of the box is given by KE = 1/2 * m * u^2, where m is the mass of the box and u is the initial velocity. The final kinetic energy of the box is zero, since it comes to a stop at the highest point of its trajectory.

Therefore, the initial kinetic energy is:

KE = 1/2 * 2.50 kg * u^2

And the final kinetic energy is:

KE = 0 J

Putting it all together, we get:

Wtotal = KEfinal - KEinitial

42.81 J + 1.47 N * u^2 * 1.70 m/kg

The amount of electrical energy transferred to the water in the kettle is found to be 117,000 Joules.

Electrical energy E.

Input Power P = 1.50 kW = 1500 W.

Time t =  2 minutes = 120 seconds.

Efficiency = 65%.

E = P*T

E = 1500*120

E = 180,000 Joules.

Energy transferred = 0.65*180,000

Energy transferred = 117,000 Joules.

Thus, the amount of energy transferred to the water in the kettle is found to be 117,000 Joules.

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The amount of power needed to draw the sled 1.00 km in 20.0 minutes at a tension of 100.0 N is roughly 83.3 watts.

Energy is referred to as the ability to perform the work, whereas work is defined as the displacement of an object when a force (push or pull) is applied to it. It can be found in a variety of forms, including potential, kinetic, chemical, thermal, nuclear, electrical, and so forth.

We can apply the power equation:

Power is defined as the product of work, the quantity of energy needed to move the sled, and time, the length of the sled's motion.

Finding the work completed on the For work, we can apply the following formula:

work = force x distance

distance = 1.00 km x 1000 m/km = 1000 m

time = 20.0 min x 60 s/min = 1200 s

work = force x distance = 100.0 N x 1000 m = 100000 J

Finally, we can calculate the power required to move the sled:

power = work / time = 100000 J / 1200 s = 83.3 W.

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Mars is actually smaller than Earth.

Mars is the fourth planet from the sun in our solar system and is often referred to as the "Red Planet" due to its distinctive rusty color.

Mars has a diameter of approximately 6,779 km, which is about 53% of the diameter of Earth, which has a diameter of approximately 12,742 km. Mars also has only about 11% of the mass of Earth.

Although Mars is smaller than Earth, it is still one of the largest planets in our solar system, with a surface area of approximately 144 million square kilometers, which is about 28% of the total surface area of Earth.

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Answer:

Explanation:no se wey

Answer:

Explanation:

Electron

Gravitational attraction is the driving force for stellar fusion. So option a. is the correct answer.

Massive clouds were created when gas whirls of both helium and hydrogen cooled. The stuff was attracted together by the gravitational attraction in the middle, and ultimately, a few of the nuclei formed. The heat as well as the light of stars were elicited as a consequence of this. Stellar nucleosynthesis is the method by which elements are produced within stars by integrating the protons and neutrons together from the nuclei of lighter elements. All of the atoms in the universe started as hydrogen. Fusion inside stars transforms hydrogen into helium, heat, and radiation. Heavier elements are produced in distinct kinds of stars as they die or explode.

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The force is the weight of the log, 480 N, and the distance is the height at which the log is lifted, she is 1.2 m. So here's what Rosie did Work = 576 J and her average workload is about 44.3 watts. 

Work is an activity that is done in exchange for b or other rewards. It can involve physical or mental effort and is usually of a practical nature. It may be paid or unpaid and can be done in a variety of settings and contexts, such as businesses, factories, farms, homes, schools, and hospitals. Work is important to society as it allows people to contribute to economic growth, build their skills, and gain a sense of identity and purpose. to calculate the average rate of work

The work a Rosie does is equal to the force it applies to the stem multiplied by the distance it lifts.

work = force x distance

The force is the weight of the log, 480 N, and the distance is the height at which the log is lifted, she is 1.2 m. So here's what Rosie did:

Work = (480 N) x (1.2 m) = 576 J

The time it takes Rosie to lift the trunk is her 13 seconds, so her average amount of work is:

Average power = work ÷ time

Average power = 576 J / 13 sec ≈ 44.3 W

So Rosie's average workload is about 44.3 watts. 

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A device called a hygrometer is used to measure relative humidity.

Hygrometers come in various types, but the most common ones are the psychrometer and the electronic hygrometer. They measure relative humidity.

A psychrometer consists of two thermometers, one dry and the other wet, that are attached to a handle. The wet thermometer has a cotton wick wrapped around its bulb, which is soaked in distilled water. The dry thermometer measures the ambient air temperature, while the wet thermometer measures the air temperature as affected by the evaporation of the water from the wick. The difference between two readings calculates relative humidity.

Electronic hygrometers use a sensor to measure the dew point temperature, which is the temperature at which the air becomes saturated and condensation occurs. The sensor then calculates the relative humidity based on the difference between the dew point temperature and the ambient air temperature.

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J and V are different units of measurement and cannot be directly converted as they measure different quantities.

J is the unit of measurement for energy or work in the International System of Units (SI), while V is the unit of measurement for electrical potential difference or voltage.

To convert J (joules) to V (volts), you would need to know the amount of energy involved and the electrical charge involved in the process.

One formula that relates energy, charge, and voltage is:

V = E/Q

where V is voltage, E is energy, and Q is electric charge. If you know the values of E and Q, you can use this formula to calculate the voltage.

For example, if you have 1 joule of energy and 1 coulomb of electric charge, you can calculate the voltage using the formula:

V = 1 J / 1 C = 1 V

So, in this example, 1 joule of energy is equivalent to 1 volt of electrical potential difference when there is 1 coulomb of electric charge involved.

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The first situation that the bird is giving force to its wings to fly , it is related to the first law. The second one the coffee cup stay on rest until any force acts on it is related to the first law.

Newton's first law of motion states, every objects tends to stay in its current  state until an external force acts on it. The second law states that, the force is the product of mass and acceleration. Thus, greater is the mass greater force is needed to accelerate an object.

Third law of motion states that, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

The sailor when pushing the boat, the boat is exerting a force in turn and the man can slide to the land and boat moves away. This is third law of motion.

As the force by the wind increases, its acceleration increases . This is second law. The team with greater mass in tug of war game will  have greater force that is just the second law.

The skater board tends to move again even after the hitting, its is first law of Newton.

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The period of a pendulum is the time it takes for one complete back-and-forth swing or oscillation of the pendulum. It is the time interval between two successive swings of the pendulum.

The period of a simple pendulum can be calculated using the following formula:

T = 2π√(L/g)

where T is the period of the pendulum in seconds, L is the length of the pendulum in meters, and g is the acceleration due to gravity in meters per second squared.

This formula assumes that the pendulum is a simple, idealized pendulum consisting of a massless rod and a point mass (the "bob") at the end. It also assumes that the pendulum swings in a small angle (less than about 15 degrees) and that there is no air resistance or friction.

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