In order to raise temperature OF 55.0 g of liquid water from 25 c to 99 c, 4070 cal of heat must be applied.
mass of liquid. water is = 55.0 g.
initial temperature of the liquid. water is = 25°C.
final temperature of the liquid. water is = 99°C.
specific heat of liquid. water is = 1.00 cal/g °C.
q=mCvΔT
.Amount of heat required to. raise the temperature of the water is = 4070 cal.
Water temperature can be altered by heat transfer from sources such as the air, sunlight, other water sources, or thermal pollution. The quality of aquatic life and habitats is significantly influenced by water temperature. What species can survive and flourish in a body of water depends on the flow of heat and temperature variation. Air and water temperatures are influenced by a variety of environmental factors and human activities, such as: The increase in greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion, agricultural practices, and deforestation, which has led to an increase in global average air temperatures.
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The neutron particles were isolated by Chadwick and contained a neutral electrical charge. When was this discovered in relation to other scientist's atomic hypotheses?
After Rutherford but before Thompson
Before Thompson but after Bohr
Before Bohr and Rutherford
After Thompson and Rutherford
The elementary particles known as neutrons inside the nucleus of an atom were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932 after Thomson and Rutherford. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
What is a neutron?The neutron can be described as a subatomic particle and represented by the symbol 'n' which has a neutral charge, and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. Protons and neutrons are present inside the nuclei of atoms and behave similarly within the nucleus, and each has a mass of one atomic mass unit.
The discovery of the neutron and its properties gave extraordinary developments in atomic physics in the 20th century.
The atomic nucleus's nature was described with the discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick in 1932. The uncharged neutron was exploited as a new means to study nuclear structure, leading to such discoveries as the formation of new radioactive elements.
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Compare the room temperature resistance for all the samples listed. Are they similar or different?
Carbon: 1 kΩ
Silicon: 192 kΩ
Germanium: 46 kΩ
Tin: Low, but not likely to change much with temperature change
The resistance of carbon, silicon, germanium and tin are different at room temperature.
The obstruction to current flow in an electrical circuit is measured by resistance. The Greek letter omega (Ω) represents the unit of measurement for resistance, known as ohms. Georg Simon Ohm, a German physicist who investigated the connection between voltage, current, and resistance, is the name given to the unit of resistance.
V= I x R
The current flow decreases as resistance increases. If abnormally high, damaged conductors from corrosion or burning could be one of several potential causes. The current flow increases as the resistance decreases.
The increasing order of resistance is tin < carbon < germanium < silicon
Hence, different elements have different resistance at room temperature
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2so2 o2 2h2o -> 2h2so4 what is the percent yield of h2so4 if 100. g of so2 is completely consumed, producing 100. g of h2so4 ?
65.3% yield of H2SO4 if 100g of So2 is completely consumed producing 100 g of H2SO4.
we have to calculate the theoretical yield to calculate percentage yield. It is used go compare the yield of the product with what could have obtained with theory, if all the reactant converted into no loss. the expression for percentage yield is ,
%yield= (Actual yield / theoretical yield) . 100
Theoretical yield is calculated base don the stoichiometry of the chemical reaction and Actual yield is experimentally determined.
The balanced chemical reaction for this is,
2SO₂ + O₂ + 2H₂O → 2H₂SO₄
Molar mass is the mass of the sample of the compound divided by the amount of the substance .
Molar mass of SO₂ = 32 + (16 × 2) = 64 g/mole
Mass of SO₂ = 2 × 64 = 128 g
Molar mass of H₂SO₄ = (1 × 2) + 32 + (16 × 4) = 98 g/mole
Mass of H₂SO₄ = 2 × 98 = 196 g
128 g of SO₂ reacted to produce 196 g of H₂SO₄ .
100 g of SO₂ will react to produce = (100 × 196) / 128 = 153.125 g of H₂SO₄
Finally, we have to determine the percentage yield of H₂SO₄. We have the value of Actual yield of H₂SO₄ = 100 g . Theoretical yield of H₂SO₄ = 153.125 g .
Percentage yield = (Actual /Theoretical) × 100
Percentage yield of H₂SO₄ = (100 / 153.125) × 100
= 65.3%
So the percentage yield of H2SO4 is 65.3%
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identify the more polar bond in each of the following pairs of bonds: (a) hf or hcl (b) clh or nh (c) pcl or scl (d) no or co (e) so or po (f) sh or oh
All of the halves that of bonds, H-F, N-O, O-H, S-Cl, N-H, S-O, has a more polar bond.
What does polar bond mean?A polar covalent link is a type of chemical bond whereby the atoms are attracted to electrons in uneven amounts, resulting in unequal sharing. When two molecules form a polar covalent link, also known as a reversible reaction, the electron distribution surrounding the atom is no again symmetrical.
What exactly are polar and nonpolar bonds?When electrons are distributed between atoms unevenly, polar covalent bonds are formed, whereas nonpolar covalent bonds are formed when electron distribution is more even. The carbon objects sharing the electrons have different electronegativities, which is the cause of both the unbalanced sharing of electrons.
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How much CO2 in grams is form?.
The weight of CO2 is 44 grams per mole.
CO2 is considered to be minimally toxic by inhalation. The main health effects of CO2 are the result of its behavior as a simple asphyxiant. A simple asphyxiant is a gas that reduces or replaces the normal oxygen in the air you breathe. Symptoms of mild CO2 exposure include headaches and drowsiness.
Too much CO2 in the blood means that the body is not removing CO2 from him properly. Higher than normal levels of CO2 in your blood can indicate health problems such as B.Respiratory alkalosis or metabolic alkalosis. Natural sources of carbon dioxide include most animals that exhale carbon dioxide as waste.
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A liquid can evaporate at any temperature, producing vapor above the surface of the liquid. This vapor exerts a pressure, which is called the ___________. This pressure increases as the temperature of the liquid increases. When this pressure equals the external pressure, the liquid has reached its ___________.vapor pressure; boiling point
A liquid can evaporate at any temperature producing vapor above the surface of the liquid. the vapor exerts a pressure which is called the vapor pressure. When pressure equals the external pressure, the liquid has reached its boiling point.
At a higher temperature, a greater fraction of molecules have enough energy to escape from the liquid. The escape of more molecules per unit of time and the greater average speed of the molecules that escape both contribute to the higher vapor pressure. As temperature increases, the vapor pressure also increases due to the increased average KE and it increases equal the external atmospheric pressure, it reaches its boiling point.
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a 185.0 ml solution of 2.176 m strontium nitrate is mixed with 200.0 ml of a 2.791 m sodium fluoride solution. calculate the mass of the resulting strontium fluoride precipitate.
The mass of the resulting strontium fluoride precipitate is 2.27m.
What is mass?
mass is quantitative measure of inertia, a fundamental property of all matter.
Sr(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaF(aq) ==> SrF2(s) + 2NaNO3 ... balanced equation
moles Sr(NO3)2 = 0.180 L x 2.400 mol/L = 0.432 moles
moles NaF = 0.200 L x 3.088 mol/L = 0.6176 moles
NaF is LIMITING REACTANT b/c it takes 2 NaF per 1 Sr(NO3)2 and there isn't enough NaF.
mass of Sr(NO3)2 precipitate = 0.6176 mol NaF x 1 mol SrF2 / 2 mol NaF x 125.6 g SrF2/mol = 38.8 g
Final volume = 180 ml + 200 ml = 380 ml = 0.380 L
[F-] = 0 since all the F- is precipitated as SrF2
[Sr2+] = 0.432 mol - 0.309 mol = 0.123 mol/0.380 L = 0.324 M
[Na+] = 0.6176 moles / 0.380 L = 1.63 M
[NO3-] = 0.432 moles x 2 = 0.864 mol/0.380 L = 2.27 M
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Please draw all four bonds at the sp2 carbons and at chiral carbons, including those to hydrogen. Provide the structure for compound B in the given synthesis. Be sure to consider the stereochemistry of the product as well as the mechanism for the reaction of Br2 with compound B when formulating your answer. CH3 NaOCH3 Br2H Br H3C CH3 CH3OH a "2-bromo- 3-methylpentane" enantiomer Synthetic target
An atom-to-atom attraction that enables the synthesis of chemical compounds with two or more atoms.
Chemical bonding is the process through which two or more atoms, molecules, or ions form a chemical link to create a chemical compound. The atoms in the resultant molecule are held together by these chemical bonds. Therefore, it is clear that chemical compounds depend on the strength of the chemical bonds between their constituents; the more stable the resulting molecule, the stronger the bonding between the constituents.
Elimination reaction is carried out on 2-Bromo-3-methyl pentane in the first stage via an E2 mechanism. This results in 2E-3-methylpent-2-ene, product B. B is brominated, and as it passes through an intermediate cyclic bromonium ion, it produces a mixture of enantiomers.
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rapid chemical reactions throughout the body allow you to respond quickly to danger or stress. which two systems are responsible for this reaction?
rapid chemical reactions throughout the body allow you to respond quickly to danger or stress. the nervous system and the endocrine system are responsible for this reaction.
Chemical processes that are finished quickly less than 10^6 seconds are referred to as rapid chemical reactions. German and American researchers recently announced a remarkable achievement: they saw the quickest chemical reaction ever, in which hydrogen atoms attach to a sheet of graphene and subsequently separate from it in a matter of ten quadrillionths of a second. Techniques for rapid chemical reactions developed for analysing membrane-bound proteins.
The classical doctrine of the nervous system in biology establishes that it is a highly sophisticated component of an animal that coordinates its movements and sensory data by sending and receiving signals to and from various sections of its body. The brain, spinal cord, and an intricate web of nerves make up the nervous system.
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What is sampling procedure in Research example?.
Sampling is the process of choosing the group from from which you'll actually collect data for your study.
What does chemical research entail?Chemistry undergraduate research is independent experimentation carried out under the direction and supervision of something like a mentor or adviser. In an ongoing study project, students look at topics that interest them and their adviser. The chemical sciences cover a wide range of subject areas.
What kinds of research are there in chemistry?Modern chemistry research may be divided into two categories: pure and applied. Pure chemistry researchers work primarily to improve human knowledge of chemistry. Greater comprehension of the ideas behind how matter changes during chemical reactions is what pure chemistry is all about.
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the posterior segment of the eyeball is filled with a gel-like substance, called the aqueous humor. group of answer choices true false\
The fluid that fills the gap between your eye's lens and retina is called vitreous humour (sometimes).
What part of the eye is filled with vitreous humor?The eye is shaped like a round ball with a small bulge in the front.There are three main layers in the eye. These layers, which are flat against one another, combine to form the eyeball.The sclera, a hard, white, opaque membrane, covers the outside of the eyeball. The cornea, a clear, thin, dome-shaped tissue, is what causes the slight bulge in the sclera at the front of the eye.The choroid is in the middle layer. The colored portion of the eye known as the iris is located in front of the choroid. The pupil, a circular opening or hole in the center of the iris, is what gives the eye its visual field.The retina, which covers the rear two thirds of the eyeball, is the inner layer. The sensory retina, which contains nerve cells that process visual information and transmit it to the brain, and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which is situated between the sensory retina and the eye wall, make up the retina.To Learn more about vitreous humour refer to:
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what are the factors that control the rate of chemical weathering and those that control the rate of physical weathering
Major factors of both weathering rates and weathering types are water and temperature.
What is weathering?Water is necessary for chemical weathering reactions to take place, and temperature affects both weathering rates and the types of weathering that take place. Ice wedging cannot occur without water. Chemical processes are accelerated by higher temperatures.A process known as weathering is when the countless rocks and minerals found on the earth's surface are significantly broken down into tiny fragments. Various elements, such as water, wind, ice, etc., speed up the weathering process.When substances like ice, rushing water, wind, rapid heating or cooling, or plant growth exerts force on rock, it breaks the rock physically or mechanically. Chemical weathering is a mechanism in which a substance dissolves a rock, resulting in the rock's fragments falling away.
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analyze the relative rates of the reduction of benzil in different solvents (members 1, 3 and 4). (is one clearly faster than the others? were there any large observational differences while the reactions ran?)
A pure chemical is examined using four different solvents and normal phase TLC. According to the Rf values listed below, the most polar solvent system is 0.25 Solvent.
The current compound price is $38.56, and there have been $16,761,507 trades in the last 24 hours. COMP's price increased by 0.9% the day before. There are 10 million COMP coins in total, with 6.9 million currently in circulation. If you want to buy or sell compound, Coinbase Exchange is now the most active platform. One type Solvent of compound interest formula is the weekly compound interest formula. The Compounded Quarterly Formula is used to calculate monthly compounded interest.
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What is the electron configuration of a stable atom?.
Electronic configuration of a stable atom is composed of eight electrons in the valence shell of the atom.
Noble gases can be arranged in stable ways. Their valence shell has been finished. Their valence shell contains two or eight electrons. They don't acquire, shed, or distribute electrons. Other elements' atoms have a shaky electrical structure. They lack a full valence shell. By obtaining, shedding, or sharing electrons, they frequently achieve the stable configuration of the nearby inert gas.
The octet electronic configuration of noble gases is known as the noble gas configuration. The propensity of chemical elements to acquire stability forms the basis of all chemical reactions. Chemical bond formation frequently leads to an entire electronic configuration resembling a noble gas for some main group elements.
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available phosphorus levels are constrained in alkaline and salt-affected soils because of :
Iron and aluminum oxides limit the availability of phosphate in alkaline soils.
What is the Chemistry of Aluminium, Iron and Manganese Oxides in Acid Soils?Undoubtedly, the most reactive elements of acidic soils are the oxides of aluminum, iron, and manganese, especially the forms that are poorly crystallized and microcrystalline. The elements are first released into solution as cations due to the acidic weathering of soil minerals, and they are then reprecipitated either locally or after being translocated as highly reactive hydrous oxide species with a high specific surface area. Consideration of the variables that control their solubility forms a significant portion of this review because these precipitates are easily remobilized to produce unexpected flushes of the elements into the soil solution.Since aluminum only occurs in the trivalent form, only pH and complex formation have an impact on the solubility of aluminum oxides; however, iron and manganese may have multiple valency states at play, and redox potential must also be taken into account.
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if the mercury in a barometer raises 21.0 centimeters due to a change in ambient pressure, what is the corresponding change in pressure in atm?
The corresponding change in pressure in atm is 0.276 atm.
How does pressure work?Physical pressure applied to an object. Per unit area, a perpendicular force is delivered to the area of the objects. Pascals are a unit of pressure (Pa).
Briefing :
The change in pressure in the mercury barometer is given by ΔP = ρgh where
ρ = density of mercury = 13600 kg/m³,
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s² and
h = height of mercury = 21 cm = 0.21 m
So, ΔP = ρgh
= 13600 kg/m³ × 9.8 m/s² × 0.21 m
= 27988.8 kg/m-s²
= 27988.8 N/m²
= 27988.8 Pa
The change in pressure in atm
Since 1 atm = 101325 Pa
27988.8 Pa = 27988.8 Pa × 1 atm/101325 Pa
= 0.276 atm
So, the corresponding change in pressure in atm is 0.276 atm.
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why is the methyl group in toluene an ortho para director? explain using the reaction mechanism and drawings to support your answer
In toluene, the methyl attached to a benzene ring increases the electron density at the ortho and meta position by resonance but does not change the electron density at the meta position of the ring. Therefore, the methyl group in toluene is ortho and para-directing.
What is resonating structure?Resonance structures can be described as sets of Lewis structures that explain the delocalization of electrons in a polyatomic ion or molecule.
A single Lewis structure fails to describe the bonding to a molecule due to the presence of fractional bonds and partial charges. In such cases, resonance structures can be used to explain chemical bonding.
Resonance could be a manner of describing the bonding in particular molecules by contributory structures or forms, jointly known as canonical structures or resonance structures.
The methyl group in the toluene molecule is ortho and para-directing. Therefore, the reaction of chlorine with toluene will give two products o-chlorotoluene and p-chlorotoluene as shown in the attached diagram.
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The iron (55.847 g/mol) in a 700.0 mL sample of a natural water was determined by precipitation of the cation as hydrated Fe2O3. The precipitate was filtered, washed, and ignited in a crucible to form Fe2O3 (MW = 159.69 g/mol). The mass of the product was 0.1084 g. Calculate the ppm iron in the water.
The parts per million (ppm) iron in the water is 108.31.
Parts per million (ppm) is a notation used to describe the amount of a substance (usually very small) in a solution. It means part of a million and in chemistry, it is usually expressed as milligrams per liter (mg/L).
ppm = mass of substance/liter of solution
Convert the given mass of precipitate formed (Fe₂O₃) into moles.
moles Fe₂O₃ = mass Fe₂O₃/ MW Fe₂O₃
moles Fe₂O₃ = 0.1084 g/ 159.69 g/mol
moles Fe₂O₃ = 6.788 x 10⁻⁴
In 1 mole of Fe₂O₃, there are 2 moles of Fe. Hence, there are 1.35 x 10⁻³ moles Fe.
1 mole of Fe₂O₃ : 2 moles of Fe = 6.788 x 10⁻⁴ : 1.35 x 10⁻³
Convert the calculated moles of Fe into mass.
mass Fe = MW Fe x moles Fe
mass Fe = (55.847 g/mol)(1.35 x 10⁻³ mol)
mass Fe = 0.0758 g
Divide the mass of iron (Fe) with the volume of solution to get the ppm.
ppm = mass of substance/liter of solution
ppm = (0.0758 g)(1000mg/g) / (700.0 mL)(L/1000mL)
ppm = 108.31
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What is the relationship between atoms, elements, compounds, and mixtures
Answer:
All elements, and compounds, all matter in point of fact, are composed of atoms. In a compound, there are 2 or more different types of atoms present that are chemically bound. In an element, there is only the one type of atom.
Explanation:
consider the phosphorus tetrachloryl cation. what is the central atom? enter its chemical symbol. how many lone pairs are around the central atom? what is the ideal angle between the phosphorus-chlorine bonds? compared to the ideal angle, you would expect the actual angle between the phosphorus-chlorine bonds to be ...
Due to the absence of lone orbitals from the central metal ion in the ion, the observed bond angle is really close to the ideal value.
What is an atom?Each chemical substance differs from the others due to its atoms, which are tiny pieces of matter. An atom is made up of a core nucleus and one or more negative electrode in orbit. Protons and electrons, which are positively charged and fairly hefty, might assist in offsetting the nucleus.
How was the atom made?Atoms initially formed 2.8 trillion years after teh Big Bang. As the hot, dense new cosmos cooled, quarks or electrons might have formed. Quarks combined to produce protons and neutrons, which eventually culminated in the development of nuclei.
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an m peak has a relative intensity of 42%. an m 1 peak has a relative intensity of 6.5%. how many carbons are in the molecule?
5 carbons are in the molecule. Isotopes are atoms with a constant number of protons but a variable number of neutrons.
What factors affect an isotope's relative abundance?Isotopes are atoms with a constant number of protons but a variable number of neutrons. Atomic masses vary among isotopes.
The proportion of atoms with a particular atomic mass that can be found in a sample of an element that is found naturally is known as the relative abundance of an isotope.
Relative abundance chemistry issues should be solved using the formula below:
(M1)(x) + (M2)(1-x) = M (E)
Issue illustration Determine the relative abundance of the isotopes if the masses of two different nitrogen isotopes are 0.42 amu for carbon-0.42 and 0.065 amu forcarbon-0.065.
Equation x = 0.996 can be found using algebra.
0.42 * 0.996 + 0.065 *0.996 = 0.424794.
5 carbons are in the molecule.
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roberto wants to estimate the proportion of first-year students at an assembly meeting. he surveys 60 students and finds that 24 of them are first-year students. identify the values needed to calculate a confidence interval at the 95% confidence level. then find the confidence interval.
The confidence interval is 0.4.
p' = 24/60 = 0.4
\sigma_{p'}=\sqrt{\frac{0.4*0.6}{60}}\approx 0.063
z_{\frac{\alpha}{2}} = z_{0.025} = 1.960 (From the given table)
CI = (0.4-1.960*0.063, 0.4+1.960*0.063) =\mathbf{ (0.277,0.523)}
A student is someone enrolled in a school or different educational institution. in the united kingdom and maximum commonwealth countries, a "student" attends a secondary college or higher; the ones in number one or basic faculties are "pupils".
The definition of "student" once changed into "one who studies something". nowadays it is able to suggest simply "person who attends a school, college, or university". this contemporary definition does not even advocate that the man or woman does greater than "attend".
The terrific scholar is one that can paint in a collection, motivate others, and yield efficient output. Being high quality, beneficial, cooperative, and pleasant are all of the developments of a great student. Such students emerge as tremendous crew gamers and leaders once they develop.
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Calculate the amount of heat needed to boil 111. g of octane (C2H18), beginning from a temperature of 25.1 °C. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol and the correct number of significant digits. 0x10 Х
The amount of heat required to boil 111 grams of octane is 24.76 Joules.
The mass of Octane (C₂H₁₈) that is to be heated and boil is 111 Grams. The initial temperature of octane is 25.1 degrees Celsius,
The boiling point of octane is 125.6 degrees Celsius.
The specific heat of octane is 2.22 J/kg-K.
Converting the temperatures into Kelvin, the initial temperature is 298.25 K and final temperature is 398.75 K.
The heat required is given by,
Q = MCΔT
Cis specific heat, M is mass, and ΔT is the change in temperature, putting values.
Q = 0.111 x 2.22 x 100.5
Q = 24.76 Joules.
So, the heat required is 24.76 Joules.
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the odor of spoiled butter is due in part to butanoic acid, which results from the chemical breakdown of butter fat. a 0.100 m solution of butanoic acid is 1.23% ionized. 1st attempt see hint calculate the value of ka for butanoic acid.
The odor of spoiled butter is due in part to butanoic acid, which results from the chemical breakdown of butter fat. a 0.100 m solution of butanoic acid is 1.23% ionized. the value of ka for butanoic acid is 1.53 × 10⁻⁵.
the dissociation is given as :
HC₄H₇O₂ ----> C₄H₇O₂⁻ + H⁺
Initial concentration is = 0.100 M
HC₄H₇O₂ ----> C₄H₇O₂⁻ + H⁺
0.1 0 0
x x
eq. 0.1 - x x x
percent ionization = (H⁺ / HC₄H₇O₂ ) × 100
1.23 % =( H⁺ / 0.100 ) × 100
H⁺ = 0.00123 M
HC₄H₇O₂ = 0.1 - x
= 0.098 M
ka = [H⁺][C₄H₇O₂⁻ ] / [HC₄H₇O₂]
= (0.00123 ) (0.00123) / (0.098)
ka = 1.53 × 10⁻⁵
the value of ka for butanoic acid = 1.53 × 10⁻⁵.
Thus, The odor of spoiled butter is due in part to butanoic acid, which results from the chemical breakdown of butter fat. a 0.100 m solution of butanoic acid is 1.23% ionized. the value of ka for butanoic acid is 1.53 × 10⁻⁵.
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Classify each of the following substances as a nonelectrolyte, weak electrolyte, or strong electrolyte in water: (a) H2SO3, (b) CH3CH2OH (ethanol), (c) NH3, (d) KClO3, (e) Cu1NO322
When dissolved in water, electrolytes have a natural positive or negative electrical charge.
What are the classification of electrolyte?Strong electrolytes are electrolytes that completely dissociate or ionize in their aqueous solution. These electrolytes have a high electrical conductivity and ionization extension.
KClO₃, Cu(NO₃)₂.
A weak electrolyte is a solution in which only a small percentage of the dissolved solute is present as ions. A double arrow in the equation depicting the ionization of a weak electrolyte indicates an equilibrium between the reactants and products.H₂SO₄ , NH₃.
A nonelectrolyte is a substance that does not conduct an electric current in aqueous solution or molten form. Many molecular compounds are nonelectrolytes, such as sugar or ethanol. These compounds do not produce ions when dissolved in water.CH₃CH₂OH .
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When preparing your taxes what can possibly help reduce the amount of taxes that you owe quizlet?.
When we preparing the taxes that can possibly help to reduce the amount of the taxes that yow owe is credits and deductions.
The tax credit is provide the dollar for the dollar reduction of the income. that means $200 tax credits will save the $200 in the taxes. tax deduction will lower the taxable income and this can be calculated by the percentage of the marginal bracket tax. the credits are of two types : refundable credit and non refundable credit . the deduction are of the two types : the standard deduction and the itemized deduction.
Thus, the credits and the deductions will reduce the amount of the tax that we owe.
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what mass of copper will be deposited when 18.2 a are passed through a cuso4 solution for 45.0 minutes? a) 16.2 g b) 33.4 g c) 40.6 g d) 81.3 g e) 163 g
The mass of copper that will be deposited when a current of 18.2 A is passed through the solution is 16.2 g (Option A)
How do I determine the mass of copper?We'll begin by obtaining the charge that will pass through the solution in the given time. This is shown below:
Current (I) = 18.2 ATime (t) = 45 mins = 45 × 60 = 2700 sCharge (Q) = ?Q = It
Q = 18.2 × 2700
Q = 49140 C
Now, we shall calculate the mass of copper that will be deposited. This can be obtained as follow:
Cu²⁺ + 2e —> Cu
Molar mass of Cu = 63.55 g/mol Mass of Cu from the balanced equation = 1 × 63.55 = 63.55 g1 e = 96500 C2 e = 2 × 96500 = 193000 CFrom the balanced equation above,
193000 C deposited 63.55 g of copper
Therefore,
49140 C will deposit = (49140 × 63.55) / 193000 = 16.2 g of copper
Thus, the mass of copper deposited is 16.2 g (Option A)
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light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of glucose (c6h12o6) through the process of photosynthesis in plants and other producers. this chemical energy is used for movement, growth, reproduction, heat generation, and other cellular processes--including cellular respiration--in producers and organisms that eat producers. to understand energy flow from producers to consumers, you must have a firm grip on the summary equations for both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. drag the reactants and products to their correct locations in the following summary equations. the labels may be used more than once.
In the reaction of photosynthesis carbon dioxide and oxygen to form glucose.
photosynthesis, is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and is used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds such as glucose.
It would be impossible for us to overestimate the importance of photosynthesis in the maintenance of life on Earth. If photosynthesis stops, there would soon be little food or other organic matter on Earth. Most organisms would disappear, and in time Earth’s atmosphere and would become nearly devoid of gaseous oxygen
Hence the reaction for photosynthesis is as follows;
[tex]6CO_{2}[/tex] + [tex]6H_{2}O[/tex] → [tex]C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}[/tex] + [tex]6O_{2}[/tex]
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Calculate the volume of an ideal plug flow reactor for the following scenario. The volumetric flow rate is 6500 m3/day and Species A is being removed or converted according to a first-order reaction as follows: dCA/dt = -kCA, where CA is the concentration of Species A and k = 9000 d-1. A 95% removal or conversion of Species A is required.
The volume output of the flow reactor is 2.164 m³.
Since A is being removed or converted according to a first-order kinetics, the leftover A remained in the feeder is as follows:
A(t) = (100 - 95 A(O)) / 100
= 5A(O) / 100
= 0.05 A(O)
Time duration for the conversion is as follows:
t = {ln A(O) - ln 0.05 A(O)} / k
= {ln A(O) - ln 0.05 A(O)} / 9000 d⁻¹
= {ln 1 / 0.05} / 9000 d⁻¹
= 3.33 × 10⁻⁴
Now volume of flow reactor for the above scenario is as follows:
V = t × flow rate
⇒ V = 3.33 × 10⁻⁴ × 6500 m³ d⁻¹
⇒ V = 2.164 m³
Hence, the volume of ideal plug flow reactor is 2.164 m³.
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A carbon tax puts a price on _________________ so to accurately reflect the true cost of the production of that item to society; while a ____________ is set by a regulator that limits carbon emissions but allows polluters to buy and sell permits for those emissions.
Negative externalities; cap and trade system
A carbon tax puts a price on negative externalities so to accurately reflect the true cost of the production of that item to society; while a cap and trade system is set by a regulator that limits carbon emissions but allows polluters to buy and sell permits for those emissions.
Negative externalities can be described as a method by which the negative effects of a product affect the parties that are not involved in the consumption or usage of a product.
Under the cap and trade system, a cap or certain limit is decided for negative externalities such as carbon emission. By doing so, a carbon tax is imposed on the firms, companies, or organizations that emit carbon.
Under the cap and trade system, one has to buy permits for the amount of carbon that will be emitted by that particular factory.
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