Classify the conditions given as indicating that a reaction is at equilibrium, is not at equilibrium, or that the conditions may occur in either state. --At equilibrium 1.The forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates. 2.The concentrations of products is and reactants are constant. --Not at equilibrium: 1.The concentration of reactants is slowly increasing. 2.The forward reaction is occurring at a very slow rate. --May or may not be at equilibrium: 1.The products and reactants have equal concentrations. 2.The concentration of products greater than the concentration of reactants.

When a more complex compound breaks down into two or more simpler compounds, it is known as a decomposition reaction.

What do you mean by complex compound?

In chemistry, a complex compound is a substance that consists of two or more molecules or ions joined together by coordinate covalent bonds. These bonds are formed when one atom donates a pair of electrons to another atom that has an empty orbital. The atom that donates the electron pair is called the donor atom, and the atom that accepts the electron pair is called the acceptor atom.

When a more complex compound breaks down into two or more simpler compounds, it is known as a decomposition reaction. In other words, decomposition reactions involve the breaking down of a larger molecule into smaller molecules or atoms. This type of reaction is the opposite of a synthesis reaction, which involves the combining of two or more simpler compounds to form a more complex compound.

A decomposition reaction can occur through various mechanisms, including thermal decomposition, electrolysis, photolysis, and catalytic decomposition. The specific mechanism depends on the nature of the reactant and the conditions under which the reaction takes place.

Thermal decomposition reactions occur when a substance is heated to a temperature high enough to break its chemical bonds. For example, calcium carbonate decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas when heated:

CaCO3 (s) → CaO (s) + CO2 (g)

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The molar mass of Na₂SO₄, or sodium sulfate, is 142.04 g/mol that can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of each element in the compound.

Na₂SO₄ contains two sodium atoms, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms. The atomic mass of sodium is 22.99 g/mol, sulfur is 32.06 g/mol, and oxygen is 16.00 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of Na₂SO₄ can be calculated as follows:

(2 x 22.99 g/mol) + (1 x 32.06 g/mol) + (4 x 16.00 g/mol) = 142.04 g/mol

So the molar mass of Na₂SO₄ is 142.04 g/mol.

The molar mass is an important concept in chemistry because it allows us to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of moles of that substance. One mole of a substance contains Avogadro's number of particles, which is approximately 6.02 x 10²³. Therefore, the molar mass of a substance in grams is equal to the mass of one mole of that substance.

In the case of Na₂SO₄ the molar mass of 142.04 g/mol means that one mole of Na₂SO₄ weighs 142.04 grams. This can be useful in chemical reactions where the reactants and products are measured in moles. For example, if we wanted to react one mole of Na₂SO₄ with another substance, we would need 142.04 grams of Na₂SO₄.

Therefore, the molar mass of Na₂SO₄ is 142.04 g/mol, which is calculated by adding the atomic masses of the elements in the compound. The concept of molar mass is important in chemistry because it allows us to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of moles of that substance.

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Answer:

After the Peloponnesian War, a period of political and economic unrest ensued in the Greek city-states as disagreements about the post-war settlement divided the cities. The war itself had caused considerable damage to infrastructure and disrupted trade networks, which had a further destabilizing effect on the region. The post-war chaos did eventually lead to the rise of Macedonian power in the fourth century BCE, however, resulting in the unification of the Greek city-states under the rule of Phillip II of Macedon.

Answer:

3 moles

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of potassium chlorate is:

2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2

This means that for every 2 moles of KClO3 that decompose, 3 moles of O2 are produced. We are given that 2 moles of KClO3 decompose, so we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the amount of O2 produced.

2 moles KClO3 × (3 moles O2 / 2 moles KClO3) = 3 moles O2

Therefore, 3 moles of O2 are produced when 2 moles of KClO3 decompose.

Answer:

3,338.24 and thats the answer

Answer:

To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas:

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial pressure, volume, and temperature of the gas, respectively, and P2, V2, and T2 are the new pressure, volume, and temperature of the gas, respectively. Since the temperature is constant in this case, we can simplify the equation to:

P1V1 = P2V2

We can substitute the given values into the equation and solve for V2:

P1 = 380 torr

V1 = 12.0 L

P2 = 760 torr

Therefore:

V2 = (P1 x V1) / P2

V2 = (380 torr x 12.0 L) / 760 torr

V2 = 6.0 L

Therefore, the volume of the gas at a pressure of 760 torr is 6.0 L, assuming the temperature remains constant.

Explanation:

Answer:The new volume would be 6 liters.

Explanation:

PV=nRT

P is pressure in atm (760 torr = 1 atm);

V is volume in liters;

n is the number of moles;

R is the constant 0.0821;

T is temperature in Kelvin.

n, R, and T are constant; therefore,

P1V1=P2V2

Convert the torr into atm

P1 = 380torr/760torr×atm^−1

= 0.5 atm

P2 = 760torr/760torr×atm^−1

= 1 atm

Set the volume

V1 = 12 L

V2= x L

P1V1=P2V2

0.5atm×12L= 1atm×xL

xL = 6L

The new volume would be 6 liters.

Answer:

my answer us that filter is used to seperate solution or solid and liquid combination

Because only a very small amount of human remains left over after a crime may be necessary to identify someone, DNA profiles are particularly helpful in forensics.

The molecule that makes up genes is called DNA, and the fingerprinting method is based on the idea that each person has a unique DNA pattern. Scientists can identify individual variances by breaking up DNA and lining up the resulting fragments to look for differences in fragment length.

DNA profiles would not be necessary for identification or security purposes because regular fingerprints currently serve as complete identification and are much more likely to be found in connection with security breaches than blood samples that can be used for DNA analysis.

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The type of attraction that results from the formation of weak momentary dipoles is dispersion (van der Waals) forces. These forces occur between nonpolar molecules or atoms and arise due to the temporary shifting of electrons in one atom or molecule, which then induces a temporary shift in electrons in another atom or molecule.

A dipole moment measures the separation of electrical charges in a molecule or compound. It is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge on each end of the polar bond and the distance between them.

A temporary dipole moment is created due to the shifting of electrons within a molecule or atom. Electrons are constantly moving and randomly distributed within an atom or molecule. At any given moment, the electrons may be more heavily concentrated on one side of the molecule or atom, creating a temporary dipole moment.

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The octet rule is applicable to both ionic and covalent bonding. The appropriate responses to the above question are -

B. Carbon with 4 valence electrons can satisfy the octet rule by sharing one electron with four different hydrogen atoms, each with 1 valence electron.

D. Chlorine with 7 valence electrons can satisfy the octet rule by gaining one electron from a lithium atom with only 1 valence electron.

The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve a full outer shell of 8 electrons (or 2 electrons for hydrogen).

Option A is incorrect because it suggests that the carbon atom gains one electron from each of the four hydrogen atoms, which would result in the carbon atom having 8 electrons in its outer shell, violating the octet rule.

Option C is incorrect because it suggests that the chlorine atom shares one electron with the lithium atom, which would result in the chlorine atom having only 7 electrons in its outer shell, also violating the octet rule.

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92.6amu is the average atomic mass of this element. Atoms that belong to the same element can have various numbers of neutrons.

Understanding the idea of isotopes is necessary in order to determine average atomic mass. Atoms that belong to the same element can have various numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, which leads to variations in the atomic masses and mass numbers of atoms that share a single atomic number.

Three carbon isotopes, for instance, are carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14. Carbon-12 has a neutron count of 6 and a mass of 12 amu, carbon-13 has a neutron count of 7 and a mass of 13 amu, while carbon-14 has a neutron count of 8 and a mass of 14 amu.

average atomic mass = (natural abundance) (atomic mass of first isotope) + (natural abundance) (atomic mass of second isotope)

The average atomic mass of carbon is =

(0.51) (90) + (0.11) (91) + (0.17) (92)+ (0.17) (94) + (0.02) (96) =92.6amu

Therefore, 92.6amu is the average atomic mass of this element.

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Answer:

B) the sample should not be large, because a large sample would produce a higher and broader mp range.

The size of the sample can have an effect on the melting point measurement. Using a large sample size can lead to a higher and broader melting point range, making it more difficult to accurately determine the melting point of the substance. This is because a larger sample will take longer to heat uniformly, resulting in a less precise melting point measurement. Additionally, a larger sample may contain impurities that can affect the melting point range. Therefore, it is recommended to use a small sample size when measuring the melting point of a substance to obtain accurate and precise results.

Explanation:

The tool you need to discover or check whether the mineral has fracture is a hammer. So, the correct answer to this question is option (A).

In the field of mineralogy, a crack is the texture and shape of a rock surface that results when a mineral breaks apart. The Mohs hardness of a mineral is determined by observing whether the surface is scratched by a substance of known or defined hardness. If the crystal grows with dislocations in the lattice, this can become a weak point, and destruction can occur accordingly.

Cleaving is therefore a property of minerals (depending on their structure), and fracture can occur regardless of the mineral's atomic structure. So, the right tool you need to break the ore is a hammer.

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Complete question:

What tool would you need discover whether a mineral has fracture?

A. A hammer

B. A file

C. A grinder

D. A harder

All of the above-mentioned pieces of lab equipment can be used to measure the volume of water in a drinking glass.

However, each piece of equipment has its own advantages and limitations.

A graduated cylinder is a common piece of lab equipment used for accurate measurement of liquid volumes. It has markings along the side that allow for precise measurement of the volume of liquid in the cylinder.

A volumetric flask is a piece of lab equipment designed to measure and hold a precise volume of liquid. It has a narrow neck and a flat bottom, and is typically used for preparing solutions of a specific concentration.

A graduated beaker is similar to a graduated cylinder, but has a wider base and is less accurate for measuring small volumes of liquid.

All three pieces of equipment can be used to measure the volume of water in a drinking glass, but the choice of equipment will depend on the required accuracy and precision of the measurement. A graduated cylinder would be the most accurate choice, while a graduated beaker may be sufficient for less precise measurements.

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The pH remains constant until the excess titrant is added, which results in a change in pH due to the formation of a buffer solution. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

At the equivalence point of a titration of acid-base reactions, the pH does not change with added titrant volume. The equivalence point is the point at which the amount of acid and base being titrated are stoichiometrically equivalent, resulting in complete neutralization of the acid or base. This means that all the hydrogen ions from the acid and hydroxide ions from the base have reacted to form water, and no excess of either acid or base is present. At this point, the pH is determined by the dissociation constant (pKa) of the weak acid or base being titrated, and not by the amount of added titrant.

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There are approximately 6.022 x 10²³ molecules in 1 mole of oleic acid.

Avogadro's number is a fundamental constant used in chemistry and physics to quantify the number of particles, such as atoms or molecules, in one mole of a substance. It is named after Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro, who first proposed in 1811 that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of particles.

The value of Avogadro's number is approximately 6.022 x 10²³. This means that one mole of a substance, which is defined as the amount of the substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in 12 grams of pure carbon-12, contains 6.022 x 10²³ particles.

Oleic acid has a molecular formula of C18H34O2. One mole of oleic acid contains Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10²³) of molecules.

To calculate the number of molecules in one mole of oleic acid, we need to first find the molar mass of oleic acid.

The molar mass of oleic acid is:

(18 x 12.01 g/mol for carbon) + (34 x 1.01 g/mol for hydrogen) + (2 x 16.00 g/mol for oxygen)

= 282.47 g/mol

one mole of oleic acid has a mass of 282.47 grams and contains Avogadro's number of molecules:

1 mole x 6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mole = 6.022 x 10²³ molecules

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The partial pressure of argon would be 26.40 atm.

To find the partial pressure of argon in the mixture, we first need to calculate the total pressure contributed by all the gases other than argon. This can be done using the mole fraction of helium and neon as follows:

Mole fraction of He = 54/100 = 0.54

Mole fraction of Ne = 26/100 = 0.26

Mole fraction of Ar = 1 - 0.54 - 0.26 = 0.20

Partial pressure of He = Mole fraction of He x Total pressure

= 0.54 x 132 atm

= 71.28 atm

Partial pressure of Ne = Mole fraction of Ne x Total pressure

= 0.26 x 132 atm

= 34.32 atm

Partial pressure of Ar = Mole fraction of Ar x Total pressure

= 0.20 x 132 atm

= 26.40 atm

Therefore, the partial pressure of argon in the mixture is 26.40 atm.

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Therefore, the volume of CO2 produced at a pressure of 2.50 atm and a temperature of 175°C is 12.9 L.

Volume is a measure of the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object. It is typically measured in cubic units such as cubic meters, cubic centimeters or cubic feet. To calculate the volume of an object, you typically need to measure its three dimensions, such as length, width, and height. The formula for calculating the volume of a rectangular object is V = l × w × h, where V is the volume, l is the length, w is the width, and h is the height. For other shapes, the formula may be different, but it will always involve some combination of length, width, and height. Volume is an important concept in many fields, including physics, chemistry, engineering, and architecture. It is used to measure the capacity of containers, the amount of material needed to fill a space, the displacement of fluids, and many other applications.

Here,

To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of each gas involved in the reaction, and then use stoichiometry to determine the amount of CO2 produced.

Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of ethane (C2H6) gas and oxygen (O2) gas present in the mixture.

For ethane:

PV = nRT

n = (PV)/(RT)

n = (1.25 atm)(2.80 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(298 K) (using 25°C = 298 K)

n = 0.129 mol

For oxygen:

PV = nRT

n = (PV)/(RT)

n = (1.05 atm)(32.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(305 K) (using 32°C = 305 K)

n = 1.18 mol

Step 2: Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between ethane and oxygen.

C2H6 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

Step 3: Use stoichiometry to determine the number of moles of CO2 produced.

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of ethane reacts with 3 moles of oxygen to produce 2 moles of CO2. Therefore, the number of moles of CO2 produced is:

n(CO2) = (2/3) n(O2) = (2/3)(1.18 mol) = 0.79 mol

Step 4: Calculate the volume of CO2 produced at the given conditions of temperature and pressure.

Using the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

V = (nRT)/P

V = (0.79 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(448 K)/(2.50 atm) (using 175°C=448 K)

V = 12.9 L

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The RF (retention factor) value is a measure of how strongly a compound adheres to the stationary phase in a chromatographic column.

A chromatographic column is a device used in chromatography that helps separate mixtures of different compounds. It is composed of a tube, typically made of glass or stainless steel, that is filled with a packing material such as silica, alumina, or polymer beads. The compound mixture is then loaded onto the column and a solvent, typically referred to as the mobile phase, is pumped through the column. As the solvent passes through the column, it carries the compounds in the mixture with it, and the compounds are separated based on their affinity for the packing material. The compounds then travel through the column at different rates, allowing them to be collected separately from the mobile phase.

It is calculated by dividing the retention time of the compound by the retention time of the solvent. Since the solvent will always have the shortest retention time, the RF value will always be less than 1.

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Generally, aquatic animals can survive when the surface of water freezes. Usually, ice provides a habitat for land-dwelling arctic and antarctic animals.

As we know in water ice floats, it helps life survive on Earth. During the season of winter, when surface temperatures are low enough for water to freeze, floating ice forms a layer of insulation on top of lakes and seas. This ice layer usually insulates the water below it, allowing it to stay liquid, which allows the life within it to survive.

Ice provides a habitat for many animals which are suitable for them to survive. Animals like polar bear , water seal and many more loves cold habitat.

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Answer:

sodium hypochlorite is the chemical name for bleaching

The reactivity of the organic molecule is primarily dependent upon the attached functional group, such as a hydroxyl group.

The functional group causes the reaction to occur in case of carbon compounds, thus reactivity of an organic molecule is primarily dependent upon the presence of functional group.

Functional group is defined as a substituent or group of atoms or an atom which causes chemical reactions.Each functional group will react similarly regardless to the parent carbon chain to which it is attached.This helps in prediction of chemical reactions.

The reactivity of functional group can be enhanced by making modifications in the functional group .Atoms present in functional groups are linked to each other by means of covalent bonds.They are named along with organic compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature.

Functional group inter conversion is also possible by retro -synthesis.In some cases , functional groups can be charged molecules.Thus, the reactivity of an organic molecule is primarily dependent upon the presence of functional group.

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Therefore, the internal pressure of the gas in the can when its temperature reaches 433°C is approximately 52.9 atm.

In physics, pressure is defined as the force applied per unit area. It is a scalar quantity and is expressed in units such as pascals (Pa), pounds per square inch (psi), or atmospheres (atm). Pressure can be exerted by a gas or a liquid, and it is related to the density and temperature of the substance. It is an important concept in many areas of science and engineering, including fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, and materials science.

Here,

To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas:

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T

where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial pressure, volume, and temperature, and P2, V2, and T2 are the final pressure, volume, and temperature.

We can assume that the volume of the can is constant, so V1 = V2. We also need to convert the temperatures to Kelvin by adding 273.15 to them.

Plugging in the given values, we get:

(3.2 atm)(V) / (38°C + 273.15) = P2(V) / (433°C + 273.15)

Simplifying and solving for P2, we get:

P2 = (3.2 atm)(433°C + 273.15) / (38°C + 273.15)

= 52.9 atm

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Cu(NO3)2 has a mass of 4.69 g in 25.0 g of a 1.00 M solution of Cu(NO3)2(aq). A physical term used to describe the amount of matter in a thing is "mass."

The formula: moles of solute = concentration x volume of solution can be used to determine the mass of Cu(NO3)2 contained in 25.0 g of a 1.00 M solution of Cu(NO3)2(aq). Finding the volume of the solution containing one mole of Cu(NO3)2 is the first step.

Per litre of solution, 1.00 M equals 1 mole of Cu(NO3)2.

Cu(NO3)2 weights 187.6 g per mole.

Cu(NO3)2 mole 1 = 187.6 g

Cu(NO3)2:0.1 mole = 18.76 g

to prepare a Cu 1.00 M solution (NO3)

2. 18.76 g of Cu(NO3)2 must be dissolved in 1.00 L of solution.

the mass of Cu(NO3)2 present based on the molar mass of Cu(NO3)2:

Cu(NO3)2 mass equals 4.69 g or 0.0250 mol x 187.6 g/mol.

Hence, the quantity of Cu(NO3)2 in Cu(NO3)2(aq) in a 1.00 M solution has a mass of 4.69 g per 25.0 g.

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The Gay Lussac’s formula is as follows :

P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂

The Gay-Lussac law provides the relationship between the temperature and the pressure at the constant volume. This law states that at the constant volume, the pressure of the gas will be directly proportional to the temperature for the given gas.

If we heat up the gas, the molecules will be provide the more energy, and they move faster. If we cool down the molecules, they will be slow down and the pressure will decreases. The change in the temperature and the pressure can be calculated by using the Gay-Lussac law and it is as follows :

P ∝ T

P / T = k₁

P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂

Where

P is the pressure of the gas

T is the temperature of the gas in Kelvin.

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Depending on the beer's  and brewing method, the alcohol concentration can vary greatly, however most beers normally have an driving.Alcohol is a common part of many civilizations

Alcohol is a molecule that is created when sugar or starch is fermented in a variety of drinks, such as beer, wine, and spirits. It is a psychoactive chemical that affects the central nervous system and has many different physiological effects, such as euphoria, relaxation, lowered inhibitions poor judgement, and reduced response times. Although alcohol is frequently consumed for its social or recreational benefits, excessive consumption can have negative health effects. Many health issues, such as liver damage, high blood pressure, and an increased risk of cancer can result from excessive alcohol use. Also, it can raise the chance of accidents and injuries, particularly those brought on

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The formal charge of the sulfur atom that forms four bonds and has one lone pair is 0.

The formal charge can be describes as the difference between the number of the valence electrons of an atom in the neutral free state and the number assigned to the atom .

The formal charge is expressed as :

Formal charge, FC = V - N - B / 2

Where,

The FC =  formal charge

V = number of valence electrons

N = number of nonbonding valence electrons

B     = total number of electrons shared in bonds

The formal charge of sulfur = 6 - 2 - 8 / 2

The formal charge of sulfur = 6 - 2 - 4

The formal charge of sulfur = 6 - 6

The formal charge of sulfur = 0

Thus, the formal charge on sulfur is zero.

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Matter generally exists in three different physical states, namely solid, liquid and gaseous state. The plasma is defined as the fourth state of matter.

The matter is composed of very minute particles which cannot be seen with our eyes. It can be classified into different categories on the basis of the state in which they exist. These are called states of matter.

In solids, particles are tightly packed and they have a fixed volume and shape. In liquids, particles are less tightly packed as compared to solids and they take the shape of the vessel in which they are kept.

In gases, particles can move freely and they do not have a fixed volume nor a shape. A plasma is an electrically charged gas and they also do not have a fixed volume nor a shape.

Thus, solid, liquid, gas and plasma are states of matter.

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The Earths hot churning iron and nickel core is like a giant Magnet

Charged particles streaming from the Northern  get pulled down by the Earths magnetic field create the Southern Lights

The Earths not the only place with a magnetic field the Sun and Galaxy have one also Jupiter

The first sentence describes the Earth's core as being similar to a giant magnet, which is a commonly used analogy to describe the process by which the Earth generates its magnetic field. The Earth's magnetic field is generated by the motion of molten iron and nickel in the outer core, which creates an electric current that, in turn, creates a magnetic field.

The second sentence explains that charged particles streaming from the Sun, known as the solar wind, are pulled down by the Earth's magnetic field. When these charged particles collide with the Earth's atmosphere, they create the beautiful displays of light known as the Northern and Southern Lights.

Therefore, the final sentence explains that the Earth is not the only planet or object in the solar system with a magnetic field. The Sun, as a massive star, also has a magnetic field that can affect the Earth and other planets. The Milky Way galaxy also has a magnetic field.

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See correct question below

The Earths hot churning iron and nickel core is like a giant

Charged particles streaming from the _____ get pulled down by the Earths magnetic field create the __________

The Earths not the only place with a magnetic field the ________________ and __________ have one also

Explanation:

An animal cell can undergo lysis in a hypertonic solution.