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Carbon atoms are important for all the given reason except that: (d) they can form ionic bonds.
Carbon is the element in periodic element with atomic number 6. It is the most occurring element on Earth. A carbon atom forms stable covalent bonds with other elements. Carbon can also form 4 covalent bonds with itself, a property known as catenation.
Ionic bonds are the non-covalent bonds that are weaker than the covalent bonds. This bond is formed between two charged atoms instead of neutral atoms. The atoms involved in this bond generally have high electronegativity differences. Here, the atoms are transferred to more electronegative atom.
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Related Questions
1. in the p generation, a true-breeding pea plant with genotype yyrr is crossed with a true-breeding plant with genotype blank.target 1 of 6 2. the resulting offspring--the f1 generation--have genotype blank.target 2 of 6 3. according to mendel's law of independent assortment, the alleles for seed color and seed shape are transmitted into gametes in blank.target 3 of 6 4. this means that the f1 generation makes gametes with the following genotypes: blank.target 4 of 6 5. at fertilization, two gametes (egg and sperm) come together. the resulting f2 generation exhibits blank different phenotypes in the ratio of blank.
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Independent assortment results in gametes with different genetic information, which is one of the mechanisms that drive genetic variability. 1) yyrr, 2) YyRr, 3) All possible combinations, 4) YR, Yr, yR, yr, 5) four, 9:3:3:1.
What is the independent assortment law?Independent assortment law establishes that the alleles from two or more different genes distribute independently from each other in gametes.
In other words, a gamete receives an allele from a gene that does not depend on nor influence the allele of another gene in the same gamete. This can only be applied to independent genes.
Genes are physically located in chromosomes.
Homologous chromosomes are similar but not identical, and an organism gets only one of the members of the chromatids pair of each parent.
During gamete formation in meiosis, the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate after crossing over, and after that, chromatids sisters also separate, producing four gametes.
Each gamete has different information from the combination of homologous chromosomes belonging to the father and to the mother.
Many genes segregate independently after crossing over because they are far from each other. But some other genes are too close and they do not segregate independently. These are the linked genes that do not exhibit an independent distribution, and they inherit together more frequently.
1st Cross:
Parentals) YYRR x yyrr
Gametes) YR, YR, YR, YR
yr, yr, yr, yr
F1) 100% YyRr
2nd Cross:
Parentals) YyRr x YyRr
Gametes) YR, Yr, yR, yr
YR, Yr, yR, yr
Punnett square) YR Yr yR yr
YR YYRR YYRr YyRR YyRr
Yr YYRr YYrr YyRr Yyrr
yR YyRR YyRr yyRR yyRr
yr YyRr Yyrr yyRr yyrr
F2) Four possible phentoypes are expected,
9/16 Y-R-3/16 Y-rr3/16 yyR-1/16 yyrr1) yyrr
2) YyRr
3) All possible combinations
4) YR, Yr, yR, yr
5) four, 9:3:3:1
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1) In the P generation, a true-breeding pea plant with genotype YYRR is crossed with a true-breeding plant with genotype ______.
2) The resulting offspring --the f1 generation-- have genotype _____.
3) According to mendel's law of independent assortment, the alleles for seed color and seed shape are transmitted into gametes in_______.
4) This means that the f1 generation makes gametes with the following genotypes: _________.
5) At fertilization, two gametes (egg and sperm) come together. The resulting f2 generation exhibits ______ different phenotypes in the ratio of _______.
place a single word into each sentence to make it correct, then place each sentence into a logical paragraph order describing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid.
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The right responses describing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid are choroid, subarachnoid, lateral, dural, aqueduct, and median individually.
CSF is discharged into every lateral ventricle by the choroid plexus and streams into the third ventricle where more is added. CSF then streams down the cerebral aqueduct to the fourth ventricle. choroid supersystem in the fourth ventricle adds further CSF. CSF then streams out two horizontal openings and one median gap. CSF occupies the subarachnoid space and washes outside surfaces of the cerebrum and spinal string. At the arachnoid villi, CSF is reabsorbed into the venous blood of DURAL venous sinuses.
The liquid streams in and around the empty spaces of the cerebrum and spinal rope, and between two of the meninges (the slight layers of tissue that cover and safeguard the mind and spinal line). The cerebrospinal fluid is made by tissue called the choroid plexus in the ventricles (empty spaces) in the cerebrum. Additionally called CSF.
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in body plan select answer , digested food enters and undigested waste exits through pores in the body wall. each body cell takes in and digests its own food.
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Digestion works with the aid of transferring food thru the GI tract. Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing and ends inside the small gut. As meals pass via the GI tract, it mixes with digestive juices, causing massive molecules of food to break down into smaller molecules.
Digestion is the chemical breakdown of ingested food into absorbable molecules. Absorption refers back to the motion of nutrients, water and electrolytes from the lumen of the small intestine into the mobile, then into the blood.
Once proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are digested, absorption takes region inside the small gut. maximum of the digestion takes place in the first part of the small gut whilst the absorption of broken down nutrients, water, nutrients, and minerals takes place in the rest of it.
Glands on your stomach lining make stomach acid and enzymes that destroy food. muscle mass of your stomach blends the food with these digestive juices. Pancreas. Your pancreas makes digestive juice that has enzymes that spoil down carbohydrates, fat, and proteins.
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regarding enveloped viruses, at which point do viral spike proteins insert into the host's cell membrane in order to be incorporated into the new virion? multiple choice question. penetration
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A virus with an envelope or outer covering. "Budding off" is the process by which the infected cell, or host, produces this envelope. During the budding process, newly formed virus particles are "enveloped," or covered, by a thin layer of the plasma membrane of the cell.
Enveloped viruses enter host cells in a specific way.Through membrane fusion, enveloped animal viruses enter their host cells. Depending on the characteristics of the virus fusion protein, this fusion can take place at the plasma membrane of the cell or within the endocytic vacuolar system.
Where does the protein replication of an enveloped virus occur?Since these processes, which involve copying RNA to make additional RNA molecules, typically do not occur in cellular organisms, replication takes place in the cytoplasm and is largely independent of the cellular machinery. This is because the particles contain many virus-encoded enzymes that are necessary for RNA replication and transcription.
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What is the most common regulatory method used in eukaryotes?.
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Transcriptional regulation is the most prevalent regulatory strategy in eukaryotes.
Eukaryotic cells, as opposed to prokaryotic cells, have a wide range of levels at which they can control gene expression. Starting with access to the DNA, eukaryotic gene expression is managed. Eukaryotic repressors bind to specific DNA sequences and prevent transcription, just like their prokaryotic counterparts.cIn eukaryotes organisms, one of the main ways to control gene expression is through the control of transcriptional initiation. The majority of eukaryotic genes are regulated at the transcriptional level by proteins called trans-acting factors that engage with particular gene sequences (cis-acting regulatory sequences).
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A researcher proposes a model of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction in which a reactant is converted to a product. The model is based on the idea that the reactant passes through a transition state within the enzyme-substrate complex before the reactant is converted to the product.
Which of the following statements best helps explain how the enzyme speeds up the reaction?
The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes the transition state, which decreases the activation energy of the reaction.
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The statement that "The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes the transition state, which decreases the activation energy of the reaction." helps explain how enzymes accelerate reactions.
Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to carry out a chemical reaction.
Enzymes are proteins with catalytic activity that lower the activation energy required to convert a reactant into a product.
In a chemical reaction, an enzyme interacts with a specific reactant (i.e. substrate) through the active site of the enzyme to form an enzyme-substrate complex in the transition state.
In summary, the statement BEST, "The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes the transition state, which decreases the activation energy of the reaction." helps explain how enzymes accelerate reactions.
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4. how many features were you able to label when viewing the bacteria smear slide photograph? explain how the size of the bacteria affects the ability to view specific features.
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It is very hard to label bacteria smear photograph because of very small size.
When I looked at the Bacteria Smear slide, it was quite challenging to label many features because the individual bacteria were so little. The bacteria's features were difficult to see, even at a magnification of 40 times, and it only appeared as a collection of little brown dots. In other species, when the cells/organisms were larger, characteristics like a cell wall and a nucleus were simple to identify.
Hence, bacteria are very small in size only heavy microscope can show proper boundaries.
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What is the function of proliferative?.
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Proliferative refers to the process of cell growth and division. Your oestrogen levels increase throughout this stage. Your endometrium becomes thicker as a result. Additionally, your ovaries get ready to release an egg.
The first day of your menstruation marks the beginning of the follicular phase, which lasts until ovulation. Because increasing levels of estradiol (oestrogen) induce the uterine endometrium lining to proliferate and thicken, the follicular phase is sometimes referred to as the "proliferative phase." Your uterus' lining becomes thicker as a result of the higher oestrogen levels, enabling an embryo to implant there. The proliferative phase is another name for this phase. A drop in FSH is sparked by the elevated oestrogen. Your pituitary gland reduces the quantity of FSH it produces in response to the rise in oestrogen.
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An elongated, cigar-shaped feature deposited by a continental glacier and oriented parallel to the direction of glacial flow is called a __________________.
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Answer:
drumlin
Explanation:
oval or elongated hill believed to have been formed by the streamlined movement of glacial ice sheets across rock debris, or till. The name is derived from the Gaelic word druim (“rounded hill,” ) and first appeared in 1833.
which are major advantages that isolated populations might provide for the study of recessive traits?
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One benefit of studying recessive traits in isolated communities of populations is that it is simpler to detect a recessive trait there than it would be in a broader population, The expression of a recessive characteristic occurs when an organism possesses two recessive alleles, or gene forms.
Recessive trait are more likely to appear in populations when there is inbreeding. It is therefore accurate to state that inbreeding, a phenomenon common in small populations, raises the probability of recessive characteristics.
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an organism capable of synthesizing its own food and inorganic substances using sunlight or chemical energy is known as a(n) .
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An organism which is capable of synthesizing and making its own food in inorganic manner substances using sunlight or any chemical energy is called as autotroph.
An autotroph is an organism that may produce its personal meals the use of light, water, carbon dioxide, or different chemicals. Because autotrophs produce their personal meals, they're occasionally known as producers. Autotrophs. Autotrophs are organisms that use electricity immediately from the solar or from chemical bonds.
Commonly known as producers, they use electricity and easy inorganic compounds to supply natural molecules. The primary forms of autotrophs are chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs. Photoautotrophs use electricity from daylight to make their organic materials. These consist of inexperienced plant life and photosynthesizing algae. Chemoautotrophs, on the opposite hand, derive electricity for his or her existence capabilities from inorganic chemicals.
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Are textual aids that have visual display and show key content information?.
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Graphic Organizers are textual aids that have a visual display and show key content information. They basically get rid of the non-important stuff and just highlight the things that are important.
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the coiled tube on the testis that stores spermatozoa is called
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Darien's event was not a success. He met with his team and listened to their ideas on how to approach it the next time instead of trying his way again. He showed Authoritarian.
What is Authoritarian?Authoritarian parenting is the situation where parents expects much from their children but give them little or no room to express themselves or do most of what they want.
This tends to affect the child as they are limited to what they want to do and in most cases perform badly as what they are doing is not their choice. Darien's father is applying authoritarian parenting on him as they dictate everything for him giving him little or no room for his choices.
Therefore, Darien's event was not a success. He met with his team and listened to their ideas on how to approach it the next time instead of trying his way again. He showed Authoritarian.
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an infectious particle is found that contains only protein. this particle is best characterized as a
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Prion is an infectious particle that consists only of a protein and that does not contain DNA or RNA. A new class of pathogens, described by Starlet Prusiner.
When the normal prion protein, which is present on the surface of many cells, changes and clumps in the brain, causing brain damage, prion diseases develop. This abnormal protein buildup in the brain can lead to personality changes, memory loss, and movement issues. Many uncommon but terrible neurological disorders, including variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, are thought to be caused by prions. These improperly folded proteins effectively eat tiny moth holes into the brain. They are fatal and untreatable.
Hence, prion is an infectious protein.
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If the primary structure of a protein is changed what happens to the secondary structure.
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Proteins are made up of building blocks called amino acids. There are about 20 different amino acids that link together in different combinations.
What do you mean by Proteins?
The primary structure refers to the amino acids in a protein molecule. Changing one of the amino acids can affect whether a protein will form alpha helices or beta sheets during folding. If alpha helices and beta sheets are changed, the interactions between amino acids along the length of the protein will be altered as well, leading to changes in the final 3D structure of a protein experiencing a primary structure change.Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein.Protein secondary structure is the three dimensional form of local segments of proteins.To know more about Protein from the given
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Nitrogen fixation results in the while the metabolic process of denitrification A. loss of biologically available N from an ecosystem / oxidizes N2. B. formation of nitrogen gas / oxidizes NO: C. direct formation of nitrate / reduces N2. D. addition of biologically available N to an ecosystem / reduces NO.
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Nitrogen fixation results in the addition of biologically available N to an ecosystem while the metabolic process of denitrification reduces NO.
What is dentrification?Denitrification is a process that converts nitrate to nitrogen gas to remove bioavailable nitrogen from the environment.
Although nitrogen gas (N2) is the final byproduct of denitrification, there are other intermediate gaseous nitrogen forms. One of these gases, nitrous oxide (N2O), interacts with ozone to form greenhouse gases that cause ozone depletion and air pollution.
In anoxic lake and sea bottom areas, sediments, and soils, denitrification and other anaerobic processes are common. Many different prokaryotes can denitrify, and recent research has revealed that some eukaryotes can as well. Denitrifying microorganisms include Bacillus, Paracoccus, and Pseudomonas species.
2 NO₃⁻ + 10 e⁻ + 12 H⁺ → N₂ + 6 H₂O.
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in pollination, a plant trades food resources in the form of nectar or pollen for the service of pollen dispersal. this is an example of what type of species interaction?
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The example of mutualism is seen in during pollination. A plant exchanges nutritional resources like nectar or pollen for the ability to spread pollen.
Mutualism is a partnership in which both species gain from one another. This connection might exist between two species or within a single species. Symbionts are the species with this association.
All living things, including humans, animals, birds, plants, and other microbes like bacteria, viruses, and fungi, exhibit mutual dependence. Symbiosis is a form of mutualism. Mutualism is a sort of interaction in which neither the host nor the symbiont suffer any negative effects. The duration of this partnership could be either longer or shorter. The word "mutualist" denotes that the host and the tiny partner are the other participants involved in the mutualism.
Hence, mutualism in which both species benefitted.
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A key tenet of chemiosmotic hypothesis is that electron transport chains move ________ across the inner mitochondrial membrane (or bacterial plasma membrane).
Protons
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When a proton gradient exists, the transport protein ATP synthase helps the hydrogen ions (protons) pass the cellular membrane.
The chemiosmosis hypothesis explains what.According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, the chloroplast and mitochondria of the cell's mitochondria produce the majority of the ATP needed for cellular respiration.
Why is chemiosmosis a term used to describe what occurs in the electron transport chain?By pumping protons (H+) through the inner membrane and into the intermembrane gap, the ETC creates a significant electrochemical gradient. Then, through a procedure known as chemiosmosis, the protons diffuse back across the membrane along their electrochemical gradient.
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haemophilus influenzae is the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye. group of answer choices true false
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It is true that the most typical bacterial cause of pinkeye or conjunctivitis is Haemophilus influenzae.
A bacterial or viral infection, an allergic reaction, or, in infants, an incompletely opened tear duct are the most frequent causes of pink eye. Conjunctivitis, sometimes referred to as pink eye, is one of the most prevalent and curable eye diseases. The conjunctiva, the thin, translucent tissue that lines the inside of the eyelid and the white area of the eyeball, is inflamed (or swollen). Long-term consequences from pink eye are uncommon. Rarely, the cornea develops a persistent inflammation that impairs vision permanently.
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What is the relationship between the alleles?.
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When two alleles are identical at a specific locus, a genotype is said to be homozygous, and when the two alleles are different, it is said to be heterozygous. The phenotype, or the organism's outward appearance, is influenced by alleles.
An allele is a gene's variable form. Some genes exist in a number of forms, all of which share the same genetic locus on a chromosome. Because each genetic locus in humans contains two alleles—one inherited from each parent—they are known as diploid organisms. The genotype of a particular gene is represented by each pair of alleles. When two alleles are identical at a specific locus, a genotype is said to be homozygous, and when the two alleles are different, it is said to be heterozygous. The phenotype, or the organism's outward appearance, is influenced by alleles.
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The bicoid gene product is directly responsible for _____ in a developing drosophila embryo.
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The bicoid gene product is directly responsible for the establishment of the anterior-posterior axis in a developing drosophila embryo.
The gradient created by the bicoid plays a crucial part in positioning the transcription of pair-rule and gap genes along the anterior-posterior axis of Drosophila. Nanos protein controls the posttranscriptional regulation of bicoid mRNA translation.
The organizer of the anterior body pattern in Drosophila is the gene bicoid. Embryos missing maternally expressed bicoid are unable to develop the head and thorax as well as other anterior segments.
In the front portion of the embryo, the Bicoid protein increases hunchback gene transcription, whereas, in the posterior portion of the embryo, the Nanos protein suppresses hunchback RNA translation.
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the molecules that function to replicate dna in the cell are 1. dna nucleoside triphosphates. 2. dna polymerases. 3. nucleoside polymerases. 4. dnases. 5. ribonucleases.
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Answer: dna polymerase
Explanation:
Can a horse be homozygous red?.
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No matter the mate's color, a horse that is homozygous red would not produce red offspring.
In a mechanism known as epistasis, the genotypes for the red component decide whether a horse acquires any black as well as brown pigmentation, regardless of the genotypes at the agouti gene.
A horse is considered to be homozygous if he possesses 2 versions of the same gene for a trait, such as E/E & e/e, in which the lowercase letters denote recessive genes and the capital letters denote dominant genes for that feature. When an individual is heterozygous (E/e), both the trait's dominant and recessive alleles are present.
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a picture of the arrangement of all the chromosomes present in a diploid cell is called a(an) karyotype . for a healthy human this arrangement contains 22 pairs of
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For a healthy human this arrangement contains 22 pairs of autosomes. Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome is an autosome.
All of an organism's traits are inherited according to its autosomes, with the exception of those that are sex-related and are governed by its sex chromosomes. In contrast to allosomal (sex chromosome) pairs, which may have various shapes, the members of an autosome pair in a diploid cell have the same morphology. AtDNA or auDNA is the aggregate name for the DNA found in autosomes. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have two copies of the X chromosome. According to size, there are 22 autosomes. The sex chromosomes are represented by the other two chromosomes, X and Y. A karyotype is a representation of the human chromosomes arranged in pairs.
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it is estimated that decreases productivity because of missed work (due to chronic illnesses and diseases), and the decrease in productivity makes products more expensive because other employees are paid overtime to make up for the hours that are not worked when someone else misses work.
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According to estimates, obesity lowers productivity because of missed work (caused by illnesses and chronic conditions), and the higher cost of goods results from the need for other employees to work overtime to make up for lost hours when someone else is absent.
What is the primary reason for obesity?Overeating and insufficient exercise are the usual causes of obesity. If you consume large amounts of energy, especially fat and sugars, without expelling it through exercise and physical activity, a significant portion of it will be stored by the body as fat.
Children and adults alike are affected by obesity. Numerous elements, such as eating habits, physical activity levels, and sleep schedules, can contribute to excessive weight gain. Genetics, certain medications, and social determinants of health are additional factors.
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What type of gene encodes proteins that stop the cell cycle following dna damage?.
Answers
Answer:
Tumor suppressor genes
Explanation:
Select the processes that are used by cells to strip electrons off of the c-h bonds of a glucose molecule.
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Krebs cycle and the glycolysis are the processes that are being used by the cells to strip electrons off of the c-h bonds of that glucose molecule.
The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), also known as the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle, is the cell's primary source of energy and is an important part of aerobic respiration. This cycle harnesses the available chemical energy of acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) to the reducing power of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). The Krebs cycle or TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) or citric acid cycle is a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that occur in the mitochondrial matrix in which acetyl-CoA is oxidized to carbon dioxide, coenzymes are reduced, and ATP is produced in the electron transport chain. is generated.
Question seems incomplete the complete question is :
Select the given processes that are used by the cells to strip electrons off of the c-h bonds of that of glucose molecule.
a. Krebs cycle ,
b. aerobic respiration ,
c. electron transport ,
d. glucose molecule
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the purpose of this lab is to separate pigments in spinach using [ select ] . some pigments will be attracted to either the polar [ select ] or the nonpolar [ select ] and therefore move at different rates.
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Two chromatographic techniques were used in the lab to extract two colours from a mixture and several pigments from spinach pigments.
Which colours will be taken out of spinach extract?Add your spinach extract to the top of the column once the solvent level has reached the sand's surface. The pigments should start to split into a yellow carotene band and a green chlorophyll band as the extract drains onto the alumina.
What does spinach chromatography serve?The goal is to use column chromatography to isolate plant pigments from spinach leaves. Numerous coloured pigments found in plant leaves can be divided into two groups: carotenoids and chlorophylls. The pigments that give plants their green colour are called chlorophylls a and b.
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please order the steps in the life cycle of a newly-discovered type ii virus based on what you know about the baltimore classification and the general life cycle of viruses. 7 viral capsid proteins are created by host ribosomes 6 host dna-dependent dna polymerase produces genome copies, host dna-dependent rna polymerase produces viral mrna 2 the viral particle is internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis 5 the icosahedral capsid is packed with viral genome copies 1 the viral nucleocapsid protein, vp1, binds to host neuronal cell adhesion molecules on sensory neurons 4 the viral nucleocapsid passes the nuclear membrane 8 the cell lyses, releasing mature daughter virions 3 scaffolding proteins assemble promoters into the icosahedral capsid
Answers
Based on the kind of genome and replication technique, viruses are categorized according to the Baltimore Classification System. David Baltimore was the one who created the system. Every virus depends on the host's translational machinery since viruses lack a comprehensive mechanism for protein translation.
The Baltimore system is based on the way that equipment is used by viruses. The central component of this categorization scheme is messenger RNA (mRNA), and the various routes from DNA or RNA genomes to mRNA represent the many classes.
Six classes of viruses were initially included in the Baltimore Classification System. However, to fit the gapped DNA genome of Hepadnaviridae, a seventh class was introduced (hepatitis B virus).
Class I: Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virusesClass II: Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) virusesClass III: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virusesClass IV: Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virusesClass V: Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virusesClass VI: Positive-sense ssRNA reverse transcriptase virusesClass VII: Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) reverse transcriptase virusesTo learn more about Baltimore classification:
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What are the 6 sectors in PSE?.
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The 6 sectors in PSE are the Financials Sector, Industrial Sector, Holding Firms Sector, Property Sector, Services Sector and Mining & Oil Sector.
The union government of India, one of the many state or territorial governments, or both owns a public sector enterprise (PSE). These are the companies in which the government owns 51% or more of the stock. As a result, PSEs are organizations that are owned by the central government.
Both are the same. PSU stands for Public Sector Undertaking, while PSE stands for Public Sector Enterprise. When the Government of India or a state government owns the majority of a company, it is referred to as a public sector enterprise or undertaking. Activities include a public education campaign, the formation of walking and biking social groups, and the improvement of public spaces.
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