Solution :
From the context provided in the question, we can conclude that :
1. The study shows that there is a major redistribution of the wealth from a lead earning United States's households to the bottom half of the United States's household as it shows the top earners in the US pay more taxes that are distributed among the poor.
2. It will be a normative economic statement if someone says that it is not fair if the wealthy rich people are not paying more taxes. It makes a value judgement.
3. There are statistical studies hat are performed and then we say these findings are based on the positive economics.
Companies that are concerned with boosting workplace morale, maximizing employees' productivity and creativity, and motivating employees to be more effective are concerned with:_______
a. human relations
b. behavior modification
c. sustainability
d. control systems
e. workplace capacity
Answer:
Companies that are concerned with boosting workplace morale, maximizing employees' productivity and creativity, and motivating employees to be more effective are concerned with:_______
e. workplace capacity
Explanation:
Workplace capacity is concerned with workers' welfare, workplace needs, work activity. It concentrates on ensuring the establishment of workplace morale and employee motivation in order to encourage the productivity and creativity of the workers. Every decision is centered around the workers' interest.
PLS HELP!!
Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
Which aspect should businesses consider when trying to sell a product?
Instead of a product's features, a business should try to sell through a product's
because they describe what customers
can gain from the product.
Answer:
Benefits
Explanation:
Both existing and potential customers attached the value of a product to its perceived benefits rather than its technical features.
When selling a product, businesses should focus more on communicating the benefits of a commodity than its features. Customers are more concerned with the advantages they stand to gain by consuming goods or services.
Focusing on benefits allows a business to set high prices and differentiate the product from its competitors. Communicating benefits creates a psychological conviction on customers, making them want to buy the product, thereby increasing sales.
Answer:
Features
Explanation:
Got it right plato
Coronado Inc. has $520,640 to invest. The company is trying to decide between two alternative uses of the funds. One alternative provides $69,086 at the end of each year for 12 years, and the other is to receive a single lump-sum payment of $1,633,990 at the end of the 12 years. Which alternative should Coronado select
Answer:
None of the alternative should be selected by Coronado Inc.
Explanation:
This can be determined by comparing the net present value of the 2 alternative.
The fisrt thing to do is to calculate the simple interest to be used as follows:
Simple rate of return = Annual return / Investment cost = $69,086 / $520,640 = 0.1327, or 13.27%
Step 1: Calculation of the net present value of alternative that provides $69,086 at the end of each year for 12 years
We have to first calculate the present value using the formula for calculating the present of an ordinary annuity as follows:
PV$69,086 = P * ((1 - (1 / (1 + r))^n) / r) …………………………………. (1)
Where;
PV$69,086 = Present value of the annual cash flow of $69,086 = ?
P = Annual cash inflow = $69,086
r = Simple rate of return = 0.1327, or 13.27%
n = Number of years = 12
Substitute the values into equation (1) to have:
PV$69,086 = $69,086 * ((1 - (1 / (1 + 0.1327))^12) / 0.1327) = $403,899.27
The net present value can now be calculated as follows:
NPV$69,086 = PV$69,086 - Investment cost ............... (2)
Where;
NPV$69,086 = Net present value of alternative that provides $69,086 at the end of each year for 12 years = ?
PV$69,086 = Present value of the annual cash flow of $69,086 = $440,303.13
Substitute the values into equation (2) to have:
NPV$69,086 = $ 403,899.27 - $520,640
NPV$69,086 = -116,740.73
Step 2: Calculation of the net present value of alternative that pays a single lump-sum payment of $1,633,990 at the end of the 12 years
We have to first calculate the present value using the present value formula as follows:
PV$1,633,990 = $1,633,990 / (1 + r)^n ............. (3)
Where;
PV$1,633,990 = present value of $1,633,990 = ?
r = Simple rate of return = 0.1327, or 13.27%
n = Number of years = 12
Substitute the values into equation (3) to have:
PV$1,633,990 = $1,633,990 / (1 + 0.1327)^12 = $366,328.40
The net present value can now be calculated as follows:
NPV$1,633,990 = PV$1,633,990 - Investment cost ............... (4)
Where;
NPV$1,633,990 = net present value of alternative that pays a single lump-sum payment of $1,633,990 at the end of the 12 years = ?
Substitute the values into equation (4) to have:
NPV$1,633,990 = PV$1,633,990 - Investment cost = $366,328.40 - $520,640 = -$154,311.60
Conclusion
Since the NPVs of the two alternative are negative, none of the alternative should be selected by Coronado Inc.
On July 15, 2021, Ortiz & Co. signed a contract to provide EverFresh Bakery with an ingredient-weighing system for a price of $87,600. The system included finely tuned scales that fit into EverFresh’s automated assembly line, Ortiz’s proprietary software modified to allow the weighing system to function in EverFresh’s automated system, and a one-year contract to calibrate the equipment and software on an as-needed basis. (Ortiz competes with other vendors who offer ongoing calibration contracts for Ortiz’s systems.) If Ortiz was to provide these goods or services separately, it would charge $58,000 for the scales, $10,000 for the software, and $32,000 for the calibration contract. Ortiz delivered and installed the equipment and software on August 1, 2021, and the calibration service commenced on that date. Assume that the scales, software and calibration service are all separate performance obligations. How much revenue will Ortiz recognize in 2021 for this contract?
Answer:
Ortiz & Co.
Ortiz & Co will recognize $71,341 revenue in 2021 for this contract.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Contract price = $87,600
Separate performance contracts:
Scale Software Calibration Total
Separate $58,000 $10,000 $32,000 $100,000
Percentage 58% 10% 32%
Contract $50,808 $8,760 $28,032 $87,600
2021 revenue
recognition 100% 100% 5/12 (42%)
Recognized
revenue $50,808 $8,760 $11,773 $71,341
2022 revenue 0 0 $16,259
b) The revenue for the calibration of the equipment and software will not be fully recognized in 2021 because it is a one-year contract. Since the calibration commenced on August 1, 2021, only revenue for 5/12 months or 42% (amounting to $11,773) will be recognized in 2021. The remaining 58% or 7/12 months' revenue of $16,259 will be recognized in 2022.
The following information is available for Felix Company: Net income $300 Decrease in plant and equip. $40 Depreciation expense $20 Increase in deferred tax asset $5 Gain on sale of assets $35 Decrease in long-term debt $50 Increase in inventories $25 Decrease in accounts payable $15 What is cash flow from operating activities for Felix Company
Answer:
$240
Explanation:
The computation of cash flow from operating activities of Felix company is seen below;
= Net income - Decrease in plant and machinery + decrease in expense - increase in deferred assets + gain on sale of assets
= $300 - $40 + $20 - $5 + $35
= $240
Therefore, cash flow from operating income of Felix company is $240
In this discussion question you have the opportunity to be creative and to relate what you have learned to your professional lives. Please explore and critically think about some of the learning outcomes and concepts presented in this course. Please effectively communicate how you would lead an organization (or a group of people within the organization) by applying the knowledge you have learned ethically and responsibly. Your discussion should also include innovative thinking, and information-technology aspects (such as the Internet, social-media, computers, etc.) that may assist you in decision-making. You may frame your discussion around any functional component of business, and in any context; problem-solving, management, leadership, organizational behavior, etc.
Answer:
Creating a friendly culture will motivate the employees to attend work everyday, setting goals and targets with their input which makes the targets and goals look achievable, this will also motivate the employees and result in better performance. Sense of responsibility is also important if they are given a task they should be liable for it and they should be accountable for the work done by themselves this initiative will minimize mistakes and encourage perfection.
Explanation:
Creating a friendly culture will motivate the employees to attend work everyday, setting goals and targets with their input which makes the targets and goals look achievable, this will also motivate the employees and result in better performance. Sense of responsibility is also important if they are given a task they should be liable for it and they should be accountable for the work done by themselves this initiative will minimize mistakes and encourage perfection.
In the short run, a supply shock will _________ the equilibrium level of prices and ___________ the equilibrium level output. reduce;raise raise;raise reduce;reduce raise;reduce
Answer: raise; reduce
Explanation:
A Supply shock is described as a situation where the supply of a good changes suddenly/ abruptly due to an unforeseen event.
Supply shocks can be positive but are usually negative so we will assume the supply shock is negative here.
If there is a negative supply shock, the amount of goods being produced will reduce abruptly which will force the supply curve to shift left.
It will then intercept the the demand curve at an equilibrium level that has a higher price and a lower quantity of output.
Think of it this way. Negative supply shock ⇒ less goods ⇒ scarcity ⇒ higher prices.
A company used the percent of sales method to determine its bad debts expense. At the end of the current year, the company's unadjusted trial balance reported the following selected amounts: Accounts receivable $ 445,000 Debit Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 1,350 Debit Net Sales 2,200,000 Credit All sales are made on credit. Based on past experience, the company estimates 2.0% of its net sales to be uncollectible. What adjusting entry should the company make at the end of the current year to record its estimated bad debts expense
Answer:
Dr Bad Debt Expense $44,000
Cr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $44,000
Explanation:
Preparation of What adjusting Journal entry should the company make at the end of the current year to record its estimated bad debts expense
Based on the information given the adjusting Journal entry that the company should make at the end of the current year to record its estimated bad debts expense will be:
Dr Bad Debt Expense $44,000
Cr Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $44,000
(Net Sales 2,200,000*Estimated 2.0% of net sales)
(Being to record estimated bad debts expense)
What is an added value???
Explanation:
The difference between the price of the finished product/service and the cost of the input involved in making it is known as an added value
The difference between the price of the finished product/service and the cost of the input involved in making it is known as an added value
In the United States, bank deposits up to a certain amount are insured by the FDIC.
True or false
Answer:
true :)
Explanation:
Lump-sum taxes are rarely used in the real world because:_______________
a. while lump-sum taxes have low administrative burdens, they have high deadweight losses.
b. while lump-sum taxes have low deadweight losses, they have high administrative burdens.
c. lump-sum taxes are often viewed as unfair because they take the same amount of money from both poor and rich.
d. lump-sum taxes are very inefficient.
Answer:
c. lump-sum taxes are often viewed as unfair because they take the same amount of money from both poor and rich.
Explanation:
To understand this question, you have to first understand what lump-sum taxes are.
Lump-sum taxes are a system of taxes where everybody pays the same amount of tax no matter their economic status, or their actions. Basically, lump-sum taxes take the same amount of money from the rich and the poor, hugely increasing the burden on the poor and lessening that of the rich.
As an example, a lump-sum tax of $100 would require everybody to pay $100. To a person earning, say $120, that would be a huge hit, and be a huge burden on his normal life. However, to a rich person who earns, say, $10000, that would be much more easier for the rich person.
Hence, lump-sum taxes are often viewed as unfair because of the unfair advantage the rich have over the poor in tax-paying.
Hope this helped!
ou decide to invest in a portfolio consisting of 17 percent Stock X, 38 percent Stock Y, and the remainder in Stock Z. Based on the following information, what is the standard deviation of your portfolio? State of Economy Probability of State Return if State Occurs of Economy Stock X Stock Y Stock Z Normal .75 9.20% 2.60% 11.60% Boom .25 16.50% 24.50% 16.00%
Answer:
5.00%
Explanation:
The computation of the standard deviation is as follows;
Stock return for Normal state of the economy
= 0.17 × 9.20 + 0.38 × 2.60 + 0.45 × 11.60
= 1.564% + 0.988% + 5.22%
= 7.78%
Now
Stock return for Boom state of the economy
= 0.17 × 16.50 + 0.38 × 24.50 + 0.45 × 16
= 2.805% + 9.31% + 7.2%
= 19.32%
Now Weighted average return
= 0.75 × 7.78 + 0.25 × 19.32
= 5.835% + 4.83%
= 10.67%
Standard deviation = Normal probability × (Stock return for Normal state of the economy - Weighted average return)^number of years + Boom probability × (Stock return for Boom state of the economy - Weighted average return)^number of years)^percentage
= 0.75 × (7.78 - 10.67)^2 + 0.25 × (19.32 - 10.67)^2)^0.5
= 5.00%
Which of these best describes equity?
a. The amount of interest you pay your lender on your mortgage loan.
b. The amount of money you need set aside for home repairs.
c. The difference between what you owe the lender for the mortgage loan, and what your home is worth.
Answer:
Equity is the value/amount of shares you own. Which is (C).
Explanation:
Suppose that a monopoly computer chip maker increases production from 10 microchips to 11 microchips. If the market price declines from $30 per unit to $29 per unit, marginal revenue for the eleventh unit is:
Answer:
$19
Explanation:
Marginal revenue is the change in revenue when production increases by one unit
Marginal revenue = change in total revenue / change in quantity produced
total revenue 1 = $30 x 10 = $300
Total revenue 2 = $29 x 11 = $319
change in total revenue = $319 - $3000 = $19
Change in quantity produced = 11 - 10 = 1
Marginal revenue = $19 / 1 = 19
Samuelson Electronics has a required payback period of three years for all of its projects. Currently, the firm is analyzing two independent projects. Project A has an expected payback period of 2.8 years and a net present value of $6,800. Project B has an expected payback period of 3.1 years with a net present value of $28,400. Which projects should be accepted based on the payback decision rule?
A. Project A only.
B. Project B only.
C. Both A and B.
D. Neither A nor B.
E. Either, but not both projects.
Answer:
Explanation:
Project A only
A mini-presentation Please make a presentation about the topic "What is important when working from home?" • Set up an office space in the house. • Plan your working hours and your breaks. • • You are require to submit your presentation script and your video here.
Explanation:
Working from home can be a challenging but very rewarding task. When thinking about the advantages of being able to work from home, you can assess the flexibility of being in an environment where you can feel more secure and comfortable, in addition to the possibility of adapting your schedules and goals, which guarantees greater autonomy and productivity.
However, on the other hand, the advantages explained here can give rise to an important challenge that interferes with the worker's performance, since self-management is something that can be difficult if there is no organization.
Being at home can confer external interference, even more if the individual lives with more people, so it is ideal to set up an office at home where there is silence and ideal conditions for the execution of tasks. It is also necessary that the schedules are adhered to and that there are no distractions with cell phones, television or any other form of incentive that blur the worker, it is ideal that there is an ideal stipulation of working hours and breaks, so that the flexibility is adequate and ideal for the employee. performance and productivity of each person according to their professional profile. But basically, organization, control, discipline and monitoring are necessary, so that there is efficiency and effectiveness in working at home.
Morgan Handley and Tricia Holbrook are discussing the new leasing standard. Morgan believes the standard requires that the lessee use the implicit rate of the lessor in computing the present value of its lease liability. Tricia is not sure if Morgan is correct. Explain the discount rate that the lessee should use to compute its lease liability.
Answer:
The description according to the circumstance has been presented in the paragraph following.
Explanation:
The lessee may necessitate a rate throughout determining the present value about individuals depreciation expense. The lessee would be expected that calculate his or her contingent liability by considering the implied rate throughout the lease unless that amount is conveniently calculated and whether the implied rate isn't appropriate, the lessee may be using the cumulative borrowing costs. The implied frequency including its lease would be the purchase price of the ongoing loan repayments, any asset-backed cost of its asset, or some additional financial labor including its lender.The leaseholder may be using the implied rate that measures his lease liability whether it is immediately calculated and whether the implicit value is not understood to them, he will be using the proportional money supply.
A company had the following purchases and sales during its first year of operations: Purchases Sales January: 23 units at $205 17 units February: 33 units at $210 17 units May: 28 units at $215 21 units September: 25 units at $220 20 units November: 23 units at $225 25 units On December 31, there were 32 units remaining in ending inventory. Using the Perpetual LIFO inventory valuation method, what is the cost of the ending inventory
Answer:
$6,755
Explanation:
The computation of the cost of the ending inventory using the perpetual LIFO method is as follows:
For January:
Total value = Units remaining in inventory × cost per unit
= (23 - 17) × $205
= $1,230
For February:
Total value = Units remaining in inventory × cost per unit
= (33 - 17) × $210
= $3,360
For May:
Total value = Units remaining in inventory × cost per unit
= (28 - $21) × $215
= $1,505
For September:
Total value = Units remaining in inventory × cost per unit
= (25 - 20) × $220
= $1,100
For November:
Total value = Units remaining in inventory × cost per unit
= (25 - 23) × $220
= $660
Cost of the ending inventory:
= $1,230 + $3,360 + $1,505 + $660
= $6,755
A capital budgeting method that takes into consideration the time value of money is the cash payback technique. return on stockholders' equity method. internal rate of return method. annual rate of return method.
Answer:
Internal rate of return method
Explanation:
Internal rate of return is the discount rate that equates the after-tax cash flows from an investment to the amount invested
Accounting rate of return = Average net income / Average book value
Average book value = (cost of equipment - salvage value) / 2
Payback calculates the amount of time it takes to recover the amount invested in a project from it cumulative cash.
A company reported total stockholders' equity of $540,000 on its balance sheet dated December 31, 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the company reported net income of $60,000, declared and paid a cash dividend of $18,000, declared and distributed a 10% stock dividend with a $15,000 total market value, issued additional common stock for $70,000, and resold treasury stock for $15,000 that it had purchased in 2016 for $12,000. What is total stockholders' equity as of December 31, 2017
Answer:
$667,000
Explanation:
stockholders' equity December 31, 2016 = $540,000
plus net income = $60,000
minus cash dividends = ($18,000)
plus issuance of common stock = $70,000
plus sale of treasury stock = $15,000
stockholders' equity = $667,000
Stock dividends do not affect the value of stockholders' equity, that is why they are not included in this calculation.
began a new development project in 2020. The project reached technological feasibility on June 30, 2021, and was available for release to customers at the beginning of 2022. Development costs incurred prior to June 30, 2021, were $3,210,000, and costs incurred from June 30 to the product release date were $1,410,000. The 2022 revenues from the sale of the new software were $4,008,000, and the company anticipates additional revenues of $6,012,000. The economic life of the software is estimated at four years. Amortization of the software development costs for the year 2022 would be:
Answer:
$352,500
Explanation:
Development costs incurred prior to June 30, 2021 must be expensed, they cannot be capitalized.
Capitalized R&D costs = $1,410,000
External use software (software intended to be sold to third parties) should be amortized using straight line amortization (4 years in this case):
amortization expense = $1,410,000 / 4 = $352,500
Gouda Company and Cheddar Company had the same sales, total costs, and income from operations for the current fiscal year; yet Gouda has a lower break-even point than Cheddar. Explain the reason. Assuming Gouda is above the break-even point, what will happen for each unit sale
Answer:
If both companies have the sames sales volume, total costs and income from operations, the reason why Gouda has a lower break even point is that their variable costs are lower. We use the contribution margin per unit to calculate the break even point and the contribution margin per unit = sales price - variable costs. The question states that total costs are equal, but it doesn't say anything about variable or fixed costs.
Assuming that Gouda is above break even point, each sale will generate a higher operating profit since the contribution margin is higher.
Explanation:
Describe the technologies that contributed to the development and advancement of the newspaper from small, infrequent circulations of a few brief pages to the mass production of daily, extensive pages of news.
Answer: The industrial revolution came with the advent of the stream powered printing press, enabling newspapers to be produced in masses
Explanation:
The industrial revolution came with the advent of the stream powered printing press, enabling newspapers to be produced in masses. Improvement also took place in the inking process to aid speed up production also introduction of wood pulp helping drive production cost. One of the major advantage for this widespread growth was the relevance the newspaper gained globally as worthy news ready to be reported were available.
A firm issues $225 million in straight bonds at an original issue discount of 2.0% and a coupon rate of 6%. The firm pays fees of 4% on the face value of the bonds. The net amount of funds that the debt issue will provide for the firm is
Answer:
$211.5 million
Explanation:
The computation of the net amount of funds that the debt issue is as follows
Particulars Amount
Face value of Bonds $225,000,000.00
Less Discount (225m × 0.02) -$4,500,000.00
Less fees (225m × 0.04) -$9,000,000.00
Net amount of funds $211,500,000.00
Hence, the net amount of funds that the debt issue is $211.5 million
The same is to be considered
Jose opened a Premier account at City National Bank of Iowa with a minimum required deposit of
$1000. This bank advertised a rate of 1/2% on their Premier account with interest compounded quarterly.
After 5 years, what is the amount in the account?
Answer:
$1,025.299
Explanation:
The formula for compound interest is
FV = PV × (1+r)^ n
Where Fv is the future value
Pv is the present value = $1000
r is interest rate = 1/2 % or 0.5% per year
n is five years
interest is compounded quarterly,
Interest per quarter = 0.5% /4 = 0.125% which is 0.00125
n will be 5 years x 4 quarters = 20 periods
Fv= $1000 x (1 +0.00125)^20
Fv =$1000 x(1.00125)^20
Fv= $1000 x 1.025299
Fv = $1,025.299
Computer equipment was acquired at the beginning of the year at a cost of $65,000 that has an estimated residual value of $3,800 and an estimated useful life of 8 years. (1)Determine the (a) depreciable cost for straight rate, (b) straight-line rate, and (c) annual depreciation for the straight line rate (d) double declining balance depreciation amount for 1st year (2) Journalize the sale of the equipment at the end of the 4th year for $20,000 cash, if using the straight line rate.
Answer:
a) Depreciable cost = $61,200
b) Straight-line rate = 12.5%
c) Annual depreciation for the straight-line rate is:
$7,650.
d) The double-declining balance depreciation amount for the 1st year is:
$15,300.
e) Journal Entry of sale of equipment at the end of the 4th year for $20,000, using the straight-line rate:
Debit Sale of Equipment $65,000
Credit Equipment $65,000
To record the transfer of the equipment account.
Debit Accumulated Depreciation $30,600
Credit Sale of Equipment $30,600
To record the transfer of accumulated depreciation to the account.
Debit Cash Account $20,000
Credit Sale of Equipment $20,000
To record the cash received from the sale.
Debit Profit and Loss Account $14,400
Credit Sales of Equipment $14,400
To record the loss on sale of equipment.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Cost of computer equipment = $65,000
Estimated residual value = 3,800
Depreciable value = $61,200
Estimated useful life = 8 years
Annual depreciation expense = $7,650 ($61,200/8) or $61,200 * 12.5%
Depreciable cost = $61,200 ($65,000 - $3,800)
Straight-line rate = 12.5% (100%/8)
Double-declining rate = 12.5% x 2 = 25%
Depreciation amount for the 1st year = $15,300 ($61,200 * 25%)
Book value of asset at the end of the 4th year, straight-line method:
Cost of equipment = $65,000
Accumulated Depreciation = $30,600 ($7,650 * 4)
Book value = $34,400
Sales proceed = $20,000
Loss on sale of asset = $14,400 ($34,400 - $20,000)
Grab Manufacturing Co. purchased a 10-ton draw press at a cost of $172,000 with terms of 2/15, n/45. Payment was made within the discount period. Shipping costs were $4,600, which included $220 for insurance in transit. Installation costs totaled $11,100, which included $4,900 for taking out a section of a wall and rebuilding it because the press was too large for the doorway. The capitalized cost of the 10-ton draw press is:
Answer:
$184,260
Explanation:
Total cost of draw press is $172,000 and if it paid 15 days, there will be a discount of 2% and it is paid within the discount period
The discount is = $172,000 * 2/100 = $3,440
Total amount that would be capitalized is:
= ($172,000 - $3,440) + $4,600 + $11,100
= $168,560 + $4,600 + $11,100
= $184,260
So, the capitalized cost of the 10-ton draw press is $184,260
Note:
- The shipping costs and installation cost will be capitalized
- The cost of insurance in transit and cost incurred to remove a section of a wall will be capitalized as well as they are included in the cost above already
Pexura731 Corporation conducts get-rich-quickly workshops and uses two measures of activity, classes and students, in the cost formulas in its internal financial and operating reports. The cost formula for workshops is $450 per month plus $105 per class plus $25 per student. Pexura731 expected its activity in January to be 15 classes and 125 students, but the actual activity was 9 classes and 108 students. (ID#92589) The actual cost for workshops in January was $4,450. Q) What was Pexura731's spending variance for workshops in January?
Answer:
355 (Unfavorable)
Explanation:
Budgeted Cost for Actual Output = $450 + ($105 * Actual No of Classes) + ($28 *Actual No of Student)
Budgeted Cost for Actual Output = $450 + ($105*9) + ($25*108)
Budgeted Cost for Actual Output = $450 + $945 + $2,700
Budgeted Cost for Actual Output = $4,095
Actual Cost for Actual output = $4,450
Spending Variance = Actual Cost for Actual output - Budgeted cost for Actual Output
Spending Variance = $4,450 - $4,095
Spending Variance = 355 (Unfavorable)
It is Unfavorable as actual expenditure is more than what is budgeted.
The Holmes Company's currently outstanding bonds have a 8% coupon and a 13% yield to maturity. Holmes believes it could issue new bonds at par that would provide a similar yield to maturity. If its marginal tax rate is 35%, what is Holmes's after-tax cost of debt?
Answer: 8.45%
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that Holmes Company's currently has an outstanding bonds and has a 8% coupon and a 13% yield to maturity.
We are further told that Holmes believes it could issue new bonds at par that would provide a similar yield to maturity and that its marginal tax rate is 35%.
Holmes's after-tax cost of debt will therefore be calculated as:
= Yield to maturity × (1 - Marginal tax rate)
= 13% × (1 - 35%)
= 13% × (65%)
= 0.13 × 0.65
= 0.0845
= 8.45%
Hardwoods, a timber supplying company, contracted with a furniture manufacturer, Taylor Furniture. Hardwoods owned a large plot of land where it grew oak and beech trees. Taylor had contracted with Hardwoods to buy one ton of each type of lumber grown by Hardwoods each month at a discounted price for the next five years. However, during the second year of the contract, and tornado Hardwoods farmland, and demolished its entire supply of wood. Taylor having no other supplier sued Hardwoods for breach of contract. Hardwoods argued that their contract had been legally discharged as soon as the tornado struck because at that point it was impossible for Hardwoods to supply lumber to Taylor. The court ruled in favor of Hardwoods. But what if the facts of the case were different
Answer:
the options are missing, so I looked for a similar question:
Instead of a tornado’s striking Hardwoods’ land, the state in which Hardwoods operates passes a law making it illegal for any lumber companies to cut down trees for the purposes of selling their wood. This environmental measure causes Hardwoods to go out of business. Instead of demanding Oak and Beech wood grown specifically on Hardwoods’ land, Taylor requests shipments of Oak and Beech wood from Hardwoods, and specifies in the contract that if Hardwoods cannot supply the wood, then Hardwoods should obtain the requested wood from another lumber supplier. Instead of a tornado’s striking Hardwoods’ tree farm, a wildfire burns all of Hardwoods’ trees. After the tornado, Hardwoods and Taylor Furniture agree to a novation, whereby a competing company, Oakempire, assumes the duties of Hardwoods stated in the original contract.
The answers are:
2. Instead of demanding Oak and Beech wood grown specifically on Hardwoods’ land, Taylor requests shipments of Oak and Beech wood from Hardwoods, and specifies in the contract that if Hardwoods cannot supply the wood, then Hardwoods should obtain the requested wood from another lumber supplier.
4. After the tornado, Hardwoods and Taylor Furniture agree to a novation, whereby a competing company, Oakempire, assumes the duties of Hardwoods stated in the original contract.
Explanation:
In common law, a tornado or any other type of natural disaster is considered an Act of God. A company cannot be held liable for such events, and if a contract is breached because of it, there is no legal responsibility (option 3 is another type of Act of God)
Also, if the law or existing regulation changes, and that change makes it impossible for a party to fulfill their obligations, they are not liable for breaching the contract (option 1).
