In operant conditioning, the concept of contingency is exemplified by an "if a, then b" relationship in which a and b, respectively, represent response, reinforcement.
Operant conditioning is a type of learning that modifies behaviour by using rewards and punishments. Through operant training, actions that are rewarded are more likely to be repeated than actions that are penalised. Behaviorist B.F. Skinner initially explained operant conditioning. His thesis was predicated on two tenets.
First, a person's surroundings plays a role in how they behave. Second, the likelihood that a behaviour will be repeated depends on its effects. Behavior that results in a positive outcome is more likely to be repeated, whereas behaviour that results in a negative outcome is less likely to be repeated.
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which component of the dark triad includes a lack of empathy coupled with a willingness to exploit others?
Machiavellianism is the practice of being very manipulative, ready to deceive people to obtain their goals, and having a pessimistic outlook on life. Psychopathy is characterized by a lack of empathy, a lack of feeling, and a tendency to act impulsively and take significant risks.
Machiavellianism is a psychological characteristic that indicates shrewdness, the capacity for deception, and a desire to utilize whatever strategy at one's disposal to get power. Along with narcissism and psychopathy, the Dark Triad includes Machiavellianism as one of its characteristics. Machiavelli advises leaders to employ coercive persuasion, deceit, and lying to further their own objectives. People who rate highly on Machiavellianism may not hold positions of formal power but instead use self-promotional strategies.
The main objective of their impression management skills and natural ability to influence others is to maximize opportunities for their own personal power.
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What are party whips in Congress quizlet?.
A whip is a political party official whose job is to enforce party discipline in a legislature. This entails ensuring that party members vote according to the party platform rather than their own individual ideology or the will of their donors or constituents.
How many whips can a party have in Parliament:Parties with 25 to 44 members may have two whips (one senior and one junior), while parties with 45 or more members may have three whips. Whips serve in an administrative capacity, ensuring that members of their party are present in the debating chamber when necessary and organizing members of their party to speak during debates.
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Each anterior root and its corresponding posterior root unite within the intervertebral foramen to become a spinal nerve.
Because the spinal cord is shorter than the vertebral canal, the roots of the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves travel inferiorly to reach their respective intervertebral foramenSpinal Nerve
A mixed nerve is united together to produce the spinal nerve roots when the dorsal and ventral roots connect together within the intervertebral foramen.
How does the spinal nerve work?The rest of your body, the spinal cord, and your brain all receive electrical signals from your spinal nerves. Your body's sensory nerves and electrical nerve signals assist in movement and sensation (motor nerves). Mixed nerves called spinal nerves work with the spinal cord directly to modulate motor and sensory information coming from the body's edges. The dorsal and ventral roots of the spinal cord's posterior side, respectively, produce the fila radicularia, the nerve fibers that give rise to each nerve.
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saff loves cleaning in the barn. he gets up every day at the crack of dawn to clean and afterwards has a healthy breakfast. he would score high on which of the big five traits?
Because Saff loves cleaning in the barn, gets up every day at the crack of dawn to clean and afterwards has a healthy breakfast, then, he is most likely to score high on the big five traits known as Conscientious.
What are the big five traits?The Big Five personality traits means a suggested grouping for personality traits developed from the 1980s onward in psychological trait theory. Its identified five factors by labels, for the population, typically referred to as openness to experience (inventive/curious vs. consistent/cautious), conscientiousness (efficient/organized vs. extravagant/careless), extraversion (outgoing/energetic vs. solitary/reserved), agreeableness (friendly/compassionate vs. critical/rational) and neuroticism (sensitive/nervous vs. resilient/confident).
Under the conscientiousness trait, which is considered as a trait of being careful, or diligent. It also implies a desire to do a task well, and to take obligations to others seriously. Most conscientious people tend to be efficient and organized as opposed to easy-going and disorderly.
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jane is concerned about her selection of a new hair spray because she is concerned it will not perform as well as her usual brand, which may result in embarrassing, flat hair in front of others. the type of risk jane perceives is risk.
The type of risk jane perceives is Social risk.
What do you mean by Social risk?
Social risk refers to a specific action , which might affect the well established reputation in the society , is referred to as the social risk .The action could be the launch of new product , issue in the product , violating any norms of business , corruption etc.The act can capability hamper the consumers and hence have the risk of losing the consumer , which can have the negative effect on the business .Factors include such as poverty, minority race and/or ethnicity, social isolation, and limited community resources.Hence , from the given scenario of the question the answer is Social risk.
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What happened at the end of chapter 2 Scarlet Letter?.
Hester's thoughts finally shift to the present.She looks out at the ominous crowd that has gathered in front of her.Hester squeezes Pearl, her infant, so tightly that she cries as she touches the red letter.After that, Hester realizes that her only reality is the letter and her baby.
In the Scarlet Letter, what takes place at the conclusion of chapter 2?
He gives a physical description of Hester and details her upbringing, demonstrating her pride and shame.At the end of the chapter, we see Pearl and hear her scream as her mother holds her tightly.
What transpired at the letter's conclusion?
Chillingworth's irrational desire for vengeance ultimately renders him morally reprehensible.Dimmesdale dies in Hester's arms after publicly confessing his adultery, broken by his own guilt.As she gets ready to start a new life in Europe with her daughter Pearl, Hester is the only person brave enough to face the future.
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It is not enough just to believe that God exists because even the __________ believe in the existence of God. A Christian must exercise faith and exemplify faith through works.
demons
Answer:
demons
Explanation:
as your exam in psy 1001 approaches, you have a nagging sense that you need to study for it to avoid getting a bad grade. you begin to review your notes. you complete the study guide questions. you spend more and more time preparing for the upcoming exam. by studying more you remove your anxiety that you will get a bad grade on your exam. a behavioral psychologist would observe that your studying behavior has been conditioned through . group of answer choices negative punishment positive reinforcement positive punishment negative reinforcement
A behavioral psychologist would observe that your studying behavior has been conditioned through D) negative reinforcement.
The primary difference between classical and operant conditioning is that classical conditioning pal involuntary behavior with a stimulus even as operant conditioning buddies voluntary movement with a result. Classical and operant conditioning are two relevant concepts in behavioral psychology.
The law of effect states that if a movement is observed by a fulfilling effect, it'll tend to be repeated and if it is followed by an unsightly result, it will generally tend no longer to be repeated.
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which of the following are the most common ways lobbyists influence members of the texas legislature?
Through the legislative session, these lobbyists try to enhance the salary of their members, but the pay boost that their members achieve also benefits Texas' more than one million educators.
Lobbyists work to influence members of congress to support particular pieces of legislation that benefit their clientele. They also present legislation to congress, suggest amendments to it in committee and on the floor, and assist legislators in putting or removing items from the agenda.
They give politicians details about the initiatives they favour or oppose. They try to convince lawmakers to support their position by visiting them in their offices or in the Capitol's lobbies.
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discuss the issue of secondhand smoke and restrictions on smoking in public places. include your own opinion about the fairness of such regulations, but be sure to include information about the effects of secondhand smoke on nonsmokers, both in homes and the workplace
The EPA has declared secondhand smoke to be a known carcinogen responsible for several thousand lung cancer deaths yearly in nonsmokers.
What is lung cancer?Lung cancer usually begins in lung cells. Lung cancer is a type of cancer that begins to grow in the lungs. The lungs are her two spongy organs in her chest that take in oxygen when you breathe in and release carbon dioxide when you breathe out. Lung cancer is the vital cause of cancer death worldwide.The 5-year life expectancy rate for NSCLC is 26%, compared to 7% for small cell lung cancer. However, it is important to note that survival depends on several factors, including lung cancer subtype and stage. Common terminal lung cancer symptoms include pain, difficulty breathing, delirium, and respiratory discharge. Such symptoms should be anticipated and treated promptly with appropriate medication and explanation to the patient and family.To learn more about lung cancer from the given link :
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How do you do double minus one?.
Doubles minus 1 is a strategy used to add two consecutive numbers that are when they are next to each other. We simply add the bigger number twice or double it and then, subtract 1 from it, to get the final result. Here, for example, consecutive numbers 7 and 8 have been added using the doubles minus one strategy.
The reality that the crafted from Doubles minus is splendid is therefore associated with the reality that the inverse of a positive wide variety is that top-notch range once more and another time. multiplying mixtures of fantastic and terrible numbers can reason confusion and so care need to be taken. 'pluses' make a plus, 'minuses' make a plus. A plus and a minus make a minus.
Plus/minus seems at a group's thing differential even as a participant is on the floor in evaluation at the same time as he is now not. In concept, that is a clever manner to a point, now not only a player's scoring but something media sorts love the so-referred to as intangibles. as an example, when the Sixers beat the Pacers 90-six-86 on Jan.
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The hr team at an engineering company is working on drafting new cybersecurity policies. Two of the team members are in their first year of working in a professional setting and don't feel that comfortable speaking up in the group. To avoid groupthink, how might the team encourage those team members to share their thoughts?.
Gather their input outside of the meeting. the team encourages those team members to share their thoughts. Therefore option D is correct.
What is Cyber Security?Protecting sensitive data and important systems from online threats is known as cybersecurity. Cybersecurity measures sometimes referred to as information technology (IT) security, are intended to counter attacks to networked systems and applications, whether such threats come from within or outside of an organization.
These expenses may be increased by the complexity of security systems brought on by dissimilar technology and a lack of internal knowledge. However, businesses that have a thorough cybersecurity plan that is automated utilizing advanced analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning can combat cyber threats more successfully and lessen the impact of breaches when they do happen.
Therefore option D is correct.
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Your Question was incomplete but most probably your question was.
The hr team at an engineering company is working on drafting new cybersecurity policies. Two of the team members are in their first year of working in a professional setting and don't feel that comfortable speaking up in the group. To avoid groupthink, how might the team encourage those team members to share their thoughts?.
A: Appoint a heckler to challenge any idea they bring up.
B: Change the timeline for the policy to be drafted.
C: Take deep breaths.
D: Gather their input outside of the meeting.
in a classic test of the two-factor theory, young men crossing a footbridge in a park encountered a young woman who asked them to stop briefly to fill out a questionnaire. the men were more likely to later call the woman to pursue a date when
In the above case Men crossing the bridge were approached by an attractive woman who asked them to fill out a survey.
What is Two-factor theory of emotion?
The two-factor theory of emotion can be defined as the theory where emotion is based on two factors:
Physiological arousal Cognitive label.The theory was created by researchers Stanley Schachter and Jerome E. Singer. Importance of this theory revolves around the idea that Motivating employees can help create a pleasant and productive workplace and increase job satisfaction. It helps to complete high-quality work.
For example : when an employee is unhappy with their job, they may exhibit low performance or consider quitting the company.
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in quasi-contract, the party who is seeking recovery must show that the other party who received a benefit would be unjustly enriched if they were allowed to retain the benefit without paying for it.
In quasi-contract, any person who intends to pay money that the other party is required by law to pay and who ultimately suffers the cost will receive compensation from the latter.
The notion of a quasi-contract is more founded on the natural law principles of morality, fairness, honesty, and obligation to treat others with respect, among others. Its notion is founded on precepts of natural law, including morality, justice, honesty, and obligation to another human being.
Mutual agreement is not required and a court may impose an obligation regardless of the parties' intentions because a quasi contract is not a real contract. The remedy in a quasi-contract lawsuit for damages is often restitution or compensation under a theory of quantum meruit.
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What was an effect of Prohibition apex?.
Prohibition proved challenging to enforce and failed to have the intended impact of putting off crime and other social problems–to the contrary,
it led to a upward jab in equipped crime, as the bootlegging of alcohol grew to become an ever-more beneficial operation.
What used to be a superb impact of prohibition?America's anti-alcohol experiment cut down on drinking and drinking-related deaths — and it may have decreased crime and violence overall.
What is instance of prohibition?Prohibition is the act of forbidding or outlawing something, like when my mom placed a prohibition on observing TV at some point of dinner (causing every body to omit dinner). Prohibition can additionally refer to one of the most well-known acts of prohibition in United States history: the outlawing of alcoholic beverages from 1920 to 1933.
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A third party is a political organization that competes with the two main parties in a two-party system. Common third-party functions annoy the political establishment by expressing frustration, putting up concepts that are subsequently embraced by major parties, acting as a spoiler, and dividing the vote.
What exactly is a third party?American political parties other than the two major parties—the Republican and Democratic Parties—are referred to as third parties in the country. In some cases, the term "minor party" is used in place of "third party." When they nominate presidential candidates, third parties are most frequently seen. Since the Republican Party established itself as a significant political force in the middle of the 19th century, no third-party candidate has been successful in winning the presidency. Since then, there have only been five elections (1892, 1912, 1924, 1948, and 1968) in which a third-party candidate won any states, and only one of those (1912) saw that candidate finish in second place nationally or electorally.
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when you tell a lie by withholding information that another person deserves to know, or deliberately mislead another person to protect yourself, what kind of lie is it?
When you tell a lie by withholding information that another person deserves to know, or deliberately mislead another person to protect yourself it is termed as a self-serving lie.
Self-serving lies are the ones people tell to make themselves look better or to spare themselves from embarrassment or punishment or blame or from getting their feelings hurt.
Social psychologists say people deceive themselves in an unconscious effort to boost self-esteem or feel better. Evolutionary psychologists, who say different parts of the brain can harbor conflicting beliefs at the same time, say self-deception is a way of fooling others to our advantage.
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trade unions help workers to
negotiate better pay, negotiate better working condition
how to setup a family radio or walkie talkie network long range in urban environment for emergency use
If you need to communicate long distances without a cell signal, you'll need a good set of long distance transceivers or two-way radios (if smoke signals aren't available).
The walkie-talkie's maximum range is usually about 5 miles, but in some designs he can reach up to 36 miles. However, this range is highly dependent on the environment and the maximum distance specified usually refers to when the device is transmitting between two peaks.
The maximum range of transceivers is typically about 5 miles, although some designs can reach up to 36 miles. However, this range varies greatly depending on the environment. The maximum distances listed usually refer to when the device transmits between two high points.
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What does the doctrine of prior restraint prevent ?.
Prior restraint is the legal term for a government action that forbids speech or other expression before the speech really occurs.
How does the idea of prior restraint work?Prior restraint is a type of censorship that enables the government to examine the information included in printed materials and forbid their release. Most academics agree that the First Amendment's protection of press freedom also prohibits previous limitations.
When was it illegal to use prior restraint?The precedent-setting United States Supreme Court ruling from 1931 that created the prior restraint theory in First Amendment law is summarized . You'll notice that, despite the overall ban on prior constraints, the Court permitted several exceptions.
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According to the text, physical exercise in late adulthood encourages the birth of new neurons in areas responsible for learning and memory. In other words, exercise facilitates ________ in the ________.
neurogenesis; hippocampus
Physical exercise in late adulthood encourages the birth of new neurons in areas responsible for learning and memory. In other words, exercise facilitates neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
Although the human brain gets smaller with age, current studies indicate that it can still be remarkably malleable, even in old age. Increased physical activity is associated with reduced cortical atrophy, improved brain health, and improved cognitive function, and physical activity makes use of the brain's inherent plasticity. The prefrontal and hippocampal regions of the brain appear to be more affected than other parts of the brain, despite the fact that the effects of physical activity on the brain are generally extensive. By influencing the endogenous pharmacology of the brain, physical activity is a promising intervention that can improve cognitive and emotional performance in late adulthood.
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How is the Cabinet selected and approved?.
Members of the US Cabinet are chosen by the President of the United States, with Senate approval required for each candidate. A member of the Cabinet may be dismissed at any time by the President without the approval of the Senate.
How are the Cabinet members selected and appointed?When it comes to selecting the members of their cabinets, the Senate has typically granted presidents a lot of leeway. Most cabinet nominees have been accepted promptly, with minimal debate, and frequently with simply voice votes.
Who comprises the Cabinet?The Senate confirms department heads after the president nominates them. Whether or not they have been formally nominated for Senate approval, acting department heads may participate in meetings of the Cabinet.
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which of these refers to people who direct their energies inwardly and have a greater sensitivity to abstract feelings?'
Extroverts (extroversion) focus more of their attention on other people, things, and events, whereas introverts (introversion) tend to devote their efforts inward and are more sensitive to abstract emotions.
What are the telltale indications of an introvert?A calm evening at home is preferred over a night out. Thinking introverts: People who fall into this group of introverts frequently think a lot. They are contemplative and imaginative. Introverts who experience anxiety: Introverts who experience anxiety frequently experience anxiety or unease when interacting with others.
Does introversion come in multiple levels?Cheek currently claims that there are four different types of introversion: social, thinking, worried, and restrained. There isn't just one way to be an introvert, he claims. Additionally, rather than favoring one type over the others, many introverts exhibit a blend of all four types.
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neoclassicism was a reaction against .question 22 options:a) romanticism and impressionismb) humanismc) traditional formsd) classicism
Neoclassicism was a reaction against d) classicism
What is Neoclassicsm?This refers to the term that is used to describe and define the Western cultural movement that deals primarily with arts and was a response to Classicism which refers to antique art.
Hence, it can be seen that Classicism was the art form that helped bring about the art form known as Neoclassicism because it is literally the art that was appreciative of antique arts which Classicicism was known for and thus, the correct answer is option D.
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What is the 5 steps process to use context clues?.
5 steps Looking at the unknown word first, then reading the sentence before and after it is how context clues are used, Integrate the text with what you already know, Speculate on a meaning, Check your prediction or make changes, With your forecast in mind, read the phrase again.
What exactly do context cues and examples mean?Contextual hints that provide the definition of a word help the reader understand its true meaning. Examine this illustration: The doctor was really concerned about the man's obesity or excessive fat. Actually, this phrase informs the reader that obesity refers to having too much fat. The connections between words are inferred rather than immediately apparent.
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Which 1st Amendment right did the court case Gitlow v. New York incorporate to the states?.
In Gitlow v. New York, the Supreme Court determined that people cannot be "deprived of liberty without due process of law" extends to the states' rights to free speech and the free press.
Which rights are safeguarded by the First Amendment?Freedom of expression is one of the values that the First Amendment defends. The U.S. Supreme Court has frequently had trouble defining precisely what qualifies as protected speech.
What took place in Gitlow v. New York?In the case of Gitlow v. New York, the U.S. Supreme Court declared on June 8, 1925, that state governments are likewise covered by the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech, which provides that "Congress shall enact no law... abridging the freedom of speech."
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Whose death is foreshadowed by the death of patroclus and the stripping of his arms in iliad 16?.
The killing of Patroclus and the stripping of his arms in iliad 16 serve as a premonition of Hector's demise.
Regarding Patroclus
In Greek mythology, as told in Homer's Iliad, Patroclus is Achilles' childhood friend, a close colleague in battle, and, according to some later ancient sources, Achilles' presumed lover.
When Patroclus dies, a series of things happen that ultimately lead to the deaths of many others, including Achilles and the Trojan warrior Hector. Patroclus is a throwaway character because his only purpose is to inspire Achilles to act.
Among the numerous Trojans and Trojan allies that Patroclus slew were Sarpedon, a son of Zeus. After Apollo put Patroclus out of his senses during the battle, he was wounded by the spear of Euphorbos. Then, Hector killed Patroclus by stabbing him in the stomach with a spear.
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leigh takes great pride in a job well done. this pride serves as a(n) reward. a. intrinsic b. extrinsic c. consequential d. conditional
Leigh takes immense delight in a job well-done. This pride functions as an intrinsic reward.
According to Merriam-Webster, pride is "decent self-esteem" or "confidence and pleasure in oneself." A good dose of pride is good; nonetheless, pride is also used interchangeably with the bad terms "conceit" or "arrogance." It is defined by Oxford as "the trait of having an unduly high opinion of self or one's importance." This could be tied to one's own qualities or successes, favorable qualities of family or friends or one's country. Richard Taylor described pride as "the justifiable love of oneself," as opposed to misplaced pride or narcissism. Similarly, St. Augustine characterized it as "love of one's own greatness," while Meher Baba described it as "the exact feeling through which egocentrism develops."
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personality disorder includes patterns of excessive emotionality and feelings of emptiness. group of answer choices a. schizotypal b. narcissistic c. histrionic d. borderline
Borderline personality disorder, option (d), is characterized by patterns of exaggerated emotionalism and emptiness.
How does someone with a borderline personality behave?If you have borderline personality disorder, a mental illness that affects how you feel and think about other people and yourself, it can be difficult to function in daily life. The topics of self-image issues, difficulties with self-control in one's conduct and emotions, and a history of problematic relationships are all explored.
Significant mood swings and issues with their self-image can be problematic for those with borderline personality disorder. Deep connections with individuals can quickly turn into strong dislikes of them thanks to their capacity for rapid change. These unpredictable emotions could lead to relationship instability and emotional anguish.
What is the typical age at which borderline personality disorder first manifests?The DSM-5 states that BPD can be recognized as early as age 12 if symptoms last for at least a year. However, the majority of diagnoses are made in the first or last years of adulthood.
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under which circumstance does the fda allow verbal consent prior to participation in a research study? the study is greater than minimal risk.
The FDA allow verbal consent prior to participation in a research study when the study is minimal risk.
What is governed by the FDA?The Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) is in charge of safeguarding the public's health by enforcing laws governing medical devices, food (including animal food), cosmetics, tobacco products, human and animal drugs and biological products, as well as animal drugs.
What three requirements must a genuine informed consent meet?The three main components of a valid informed consent for research are the revelation of information, the patient's (or surrogate's) decision-making capacity, and the voluntarism of the action. US federal regulations demand a thorough justification of the study's methodology and potential dangers.
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