in the 1860s, coal miners in pennsylvania reacted to the abuses of the mine bosses by forming a union called the __________.

Military rations have had a significant impact on how we eat due to their influence on food preservation, convenience, and nutritional standards.

1. Food Preservation: Military rations were developed to provide soldiers with nutritious meals that could be stored for long periods without spoiling. This led to the invention of various food preservation techniques, such as canning and dehydration. These methods have since been adopted by the food industry, allowing us to have access to preserved foods like canned fruits and dehydrated snacks.
2. Convenience: Military rations were designed to be portable and easy to consume in various situations. This focus on convenience led to the development of ready-to-eat meals and packaged foods that are now commonly found in supermarkets. These products have revolutionized our eating habits by offering quick and easy meal options for people on the go.
3. Nutritional Standards: In order to meet the nutritional needs of soldiers, military rations have had to adhere to strict nutritional standards. This emphasis on providing balanced and nutritious meals has influenced our understanding of dietary requirements and has contributed to the development of guidelines for a healthy diet. As a result, we now have a greater awareness of the importance of balanced nutrition in our everyday meals.
In conclusion, military rations have changed the way we eat by introducing food preservation techniques, promoting convenience, and setting standards for nutritional value in our meals.

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He appeared before House Committee on Un-American Activities in 1955, which eventually led to his conviction (and subsequent appeal) on charges of contempt of Congress.

The correct answer is option (b) Un-American Activities. The House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) was established in 1938 to investigate alleged subversive activities and Communist influence in the United States. During the height of the Cold War, the committee conducted hearings and interrogations targeting individuals suspected of having Communist sympathies or involvement in leftist organizations.

Pete Seeger, a folk singer and activist known for his progressive views, was called to testify before the committee regarding his political affiliations. Seeger refused to answer certain questions and was subsequently charged with contempt of Congress.

The case sparked debates about civil liberties and freedom of speech, and Seeger's conviction was later overturned on appeal.

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The completely correct in-text citation for page 108 of The Centurion's Wife written by Janette Oke and Davis Bunn is "(Bunn and Oke 108)." This citation accurately includes last names of both authors and page number.

In-text citations are used to indicate the source of information or a direct quote within the text of a document or paper.The completely correct in-text citation for page 108 of The Centurion's Wife written by Janette Oke and Davis Bunn is "(Bunn and Oke 108)."

The purpose of an in-text citation is to provide the reader with enough information to locate the full reference in the bibliography or works cited page. In this case, "(Bunn and Oke 108)" clearly identifies the authors Bunn and Oke and the specific page number 108 from which the information is derived.

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According to Dalrymple in the "How—and How Not—to Love Mankind" essay, the answer is true. Both Marx and Turgenev showed a deep and abiding interest in the individual lives and fates of real human beings.

Dalrymple explains that Marx and Turgenev were captivated by the sufferings of ordinary individuals and their struggles to survive in a harsh world. Both Marx and Turgenev were critics of the social circumstances in which these people found themselves. They were both obsessed with the importance of human freedom and how it could be attained. They held the belief that human suffering was caused by social and economic systems that worked against individuals rather than for them.

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The last slaves were freed in 1865 due to the resistance by slave owners during the Civil War. It provides a clear timeline of events, starting with the Emancipation Proclamation and ending with the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment.

The last slaves were freed in the United States in the year 1865. This occurred as a result of the resistance by slave owners during the American Civil War (1861-1865). The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln in 1862, declared that all slaves in Confederate territory were to be set free.

However, it was not until the end of the Civil War that the proclamation could be enforced. The Union victory in 1865 led to the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which abolished slavery throughout the country.

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Feldman reaches his conclusion about honesty in the following way: D. Studying a counterclaim about morality and arriving at a broad generalization.

For Feldman to arrive at the above conclusion, he first addressed the counterclaim that Glaucon made to the teaching of Plato. Glaucon believed that people would not resist the temptation of evil if their acts were to be witnessed.

However, the author made a broad generalization in the end that seemed to agree with the belief of Plato.

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The most significant aspect of Robert Fulton's steamboat run of 1807 was that it showed his new engine improved steamboat travel.

The steamboat run of 1807 by Robert Fulton is most significant because it demonstrated the practical viability and success of steam-powered transportation. Fulton's steamboat, named the Clermont, made a historic journey from New York City to Albany on the Hudson River, marking the first commercially successful steamboat venture. This achievement had a profound impact on transportation and maritime history.

The main significance of Fulton's steamboat run was that it showcased the potential of steam power to revolutionize transportation by offering a reliable and efficient alternative to traditional sailing vessels. The Clermont's successful voyage disproved the skepticism surrounding steam engines, showing that they could indeed replace sails as a means of propulsion. This breakthrough marked a significant shift in the transportation industry, leading to the widespread adoption of steam-powered vessels and eventually the development of steam-powered railways.

Fulton's steamboat run also paved the way for the expansion of inland trade and transportation. The ability to navigate rivers and waterways with steamboats opened up new avenues for commerce and connected previously isolated regions. It facilitated trade, travel, and settlement in areas like the Northwest Territory, making it easier for people and goods to reach previously inaccessible or remote locations.

Overall, Fulton's steamboat run of 1807 was significant because it demonstrated the potential of steam power, leading to the transformation of transportation and the development of a new era in maritime and inland commerce.

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Answer: C

Explanation:

EDGE 2023

The major motivation behind the Saturday Night Massacre was not Nixon's desire to fulfill a specific personal goal.

But rather his attempt to obstruct the investigation into the Watergate scandal and protect himself and his administration from legal consequences.

The Saturday Night Massacre refers to a series of events that occurred on October 20, 1973, during the Watergate scandal. President Richard Nixon ordered the firing of Archibald Cox, the special prosecutor appointed to investigate the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate complex. This action was carried out by Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus, who both refused to comply with Nixon's order and resigned in protest.

Nixon's desire to remove Cox and hinder the investigation was driven by his concern over the potentially damaging information that could be uncovered about his administration's involvement in the break-in and subsequent cover-up. He believed that by removing Cox and disrupting the investigation, he could protect himself, his aides, and his presidency from the legal and political consequences of the Watergate scandal.

Nixon's actions during the Saturday Night Massacre were widely seen as an abuse of executive power and an attempt to undermine the rule of law. The event significantly eroded public trust in Nixon and his administration, leading to further investigations, impeachment proceedings, and ultimately his resignation in August 1974.

Therefore, it was Nixon's desire to obstruct the investigation into the Watergate scandal and protect himself from legal consequences that motivated the Saturday Night Massacre, rather than a specific personal goal unrelated to the scandal itself.

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The wealthy elite held most of the political and social power in ancient Roman society.

In ancient Roman society, power was concentrated in the hands of the wealthy class. This group, known as the wealthy elite, consisted of individuals who possessed significant wealth and owned large estates.

They held political offices, such as senators and magistrates, and had a strong influence over decision-making processes. Moreover, their wealth enabled them to enjoy a higher social status, allowing them to control economic resources and influence societal norms.

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The crossword clue "atmospheric patterns that resemble fish scales" could be referring to the term "mackerel sky".

A mackerel sky is a cloud formation that resembles the scales of a mackerel fish. It is characterized by rows of small, white, and fluffy clouds arranged in a pattern that resembles the scales of a fish. These clouds are usually altocumulus clouds, which are mid-level clouds that form between 6,500 to 20,000 feet in the atmosphere. The pattern of the clouds can indicate changes in weather conditions. A mackerel sky is often associated with an approaching warm front, indicating that the weather may change soon. This cloud formation is also known as a "buttermilk sky" or a "fish scale sky". It gets its name from the resemblance to the scales of a mackerel fish. Mackerel skies are a common sight in maritime areas.

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Stone cliff houses and large cities respectively describe the Ancestral Puebloan and Mississippian cultures.

The pair of phrases that best completes the table is:

(1) Lived in stone cliff houses; (2) Built large cities

The Ancestral Puebloan Culture, also known as the Anasazi, developed in western North America and is characterized by their unique architectural dwellings built into cliffs, known as stone cliff houses. They constructed these elaborate structures to provide shelter and protection. Additionally, they were skilled in agriculture and grew crops such as corn, beans, and squash. Their communities were organized, and they had a well-developed social structure.

On the other hand, the Mississippian Culture developed in eastern North America. They built large cities with extensive ceremonial centers, such as Cahokia, which was one of the largest prehistoric urban settlements in North America. The Mississippian people also constructed mounds of earth, known as platform mounds, which served as foundations for important structures and as sites for religious and political activities.

Therefore, the phrase "Lived in stone cliff houses" best describes the Ancestral Puebloan Culture, while "Built large cities" accurately characterizes the Mississippian Culture.

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The quote by Paul Robeson, "my father was a slave and my people died to build this country, and I’m going to stay here and have a part of it," is a powerful statement that reflects his deep sense of belonging, resilience, and determination to claim his rightful place in the country despite the historical injustices faced by his ancestors.

When paired with the image, which is not provided in the text, it would depend on the specific image chosen. However, the image could potentially enhance the connection by visually representing the struggles, resilience, and aspirations of marginalized communities within the context of the United States.

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The pyramids of Peru and Ancient Egypt differ in architectural style, construction materials, purpose (burial vs. ceremonial/administrative), and cultural context (diverse civilizations vs. Egyptian pharaohs' power and religious significance).

The pyramids of Peru and those of Ancient Egypt differ in several aspects:

1) Architectural Style and Construction: The pyramids of Ancient Egypt were primarily constructed using massive blocks of stone, meticulously carved and stacked to create towering structures with smooth, sloping sides. In contrast, the pyramids of Peru, such as those found at the ancient city of Caral and the famous site of Huaca del Sol, were constructed using adobe bricks and mud mortar. These pyramids have stepped structures with flat, terraced sides, reflecting a distinct architectural style.

2) Purpose and Function: The pyramids of Ancient Egypt were primarily built as grand tombs for pharaohs and served as part of the complex funerary rituals and beliefs surrounding the afterlife. They were intended to house the remains of the pharaohs and their treasures. In Peru, the purpose of the pyramids was more diverse. While some pyramids were used for ceremonial and religious purposes, others served as administrative centers or platforms for observing astronomical events. The pyramids of Peru were not solely dedicated to burial practices like their Egyptian counterparts.

3) Cultural and Historical Context: The pyramids of Ancient Egypt were constructed during a time when the pharaohs held immense power and were considered divine rulers. The pyramids represented the might, wealth, and religious significance of the Egyptian civilization. On the other hand, the pyramids of Peru were built by various pre-Columbian civilizations, such as the Moche, Chimu, and Inca. These pyramids reflect the cultural and historical diversity of the region, showcasing the unique architectural styles and beliefs of these civilizations.

While both the pyramids of Peru and Ancient Egypt share similarities as monumental structures, their differences in construction, purpose, and cultural context highlight the unique characteristics and diversity of these ancient civilizations.

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After World War II, political leaders from various countries discussed ways to strengthen individual economies by promoting measures to boost production and exports?

Following World War II, many countries were left devastated and in need of rebuilding their economies. Political leaders recognized the importance of strengthening their individual economies in order to recover from the war's aftermath. To achieve this, they focused on promoting measures that would increase production and exports.
By boosting production, countries aimed to increase the quantity of goods and services produced within their borders. This was done through various means such as investing in infrastructure, modernizing industries, and encouraging technological advancements. By increasing production, countries could meet the growing demand for goods and services both domestically and internationally.
Additionally, political leaders recognized the importance of expanding exports as a means to generate income and stimulate economic growth. They implemented policies that supported businesses in reaching international markets and competing on a global scale. These policies included trade agreements, tariff reductions, and providing incentives to export-oriented industries.
Overall, the discussions and actions taken by political leaders after World War II aimed to strengthen individual economies by promoting measures to boost production and exports. This approach was essential in rebuilding countries, creating employment opportunities, and facilitating economic recovery and growth.

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Cleopatra was connected to the same dynasty as the famous ruler Julius Caesar.

Cleopatra, the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty. This dynasty was established by Ptolemy I Soter, one of Alexander the Great's generals, after Alexander's death in 323 BCE. Cleopatra was the daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes and became the queen of Egypt in 51 BCE.

During her reign, Cleopatra formed alliances with powerful Roman leaders in order to maintain her rule. One of these alliances was with Julius Caesar, a prominent Roman general and statesman. Cleopatra and Caesar became romantically involved and had a child together named Caesarion. This connection to Julius Caesar brought Cleopatra into the spotlight of Roman politics and ultimately played a role in her downfall.

Cleopatra's relationship with Julius Caesar continued until his assassination in 44 BCE. After Caesar's death, Cleopatra aligned herself with another famous Roman ruler, Mark Antony. Together, they formed a political and romantic alliance, which ended in defeat at the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE.
In conclusion, Cleopatra was connected to the same dynasty as the famous ruler Julius Caesar. Their relationship had significant implications for both Egypt and Rome during this period.

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Since 1970, the United States has experienced 5 recessionary periods and 2 expansionary periods.

In terms of economic cycles, a recession refers to a period of significant economic decline characterized by a contraction in economic activity, rising unemployment rates, and a decline in production and trade. The United States has experienced five recessionary periods since 1970. These periods include the recessions of 1973-1975, 1980-1982, 1990-1991, 2001, and the most recent one in 2008-2009, known as the Great Recession.

On the other hand, an expansionary period, also known as an economic expansion or a boom, signifies a phase of sustained economic growth, increased employment opportunities, and rising output and consumption. The United States has experienced two notable expansionary periods since 1970. The first was during the 1990s, characterized by robust economic growth and technological advancements, and the second was a relatively shorter period of expansion from 2010 to 2020, following the recovery from the Great Recession.

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The innovative feature of Gothic cathedrals that counters the outward thrust of the nave vaults is the flying buttress.

Gothic architecture introduced the flying buttress as an external support system to counteract the lateral forces exerted by the high, pointed arches and ribbed vaults used in cathedrals. These structures allowed for the construction of taller and more spacious buildings. The flying buttress consists of an arched stone or masonry structure that spans from the upper section of the nave walls to an outer buttress pier, located at a distance.

This arrangement transfers the weight of the vaults and the outward thrust they produce to the buttress piers, which are solid and stable structures located outside the main walls of the cathedral. By redirecting the lateral forces, the flying buttresses help distribute the load more evenly and prevent the walls from collapsing. This structural innovation is considered a defining characteristic of Gothic architecture.

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In Plants vs. Zombies: Battle for Neighborville, local co-op allows you to play the game with friends or family members on the same console. It is a multiplayer mode that allows two players to team up and fight against the AI-controlled enemies together. Plants vs. Zombies: Battle for Neighborville offers a local co-op mode where two players can play together on the same console.

Local co-op is a feature in the game that enables players to enjoy the game with someone sitting next to them. It is a great way to team up with a friend or family member and work together to complete missions, defeat enemies, and achieve objectives. By playing in local co-op, you can strategize and coordinate your actions to maximize your chances of success. This mode promotes collaboration and can enhance the overall gaming experience. Keep in mind that local co-op is different from online multiplayer, where you can play with friends who are in different locations.

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The answer is (a) The game of cricket was introduced in the Trobriand Islands as a celebration of the yam festival.

Trobriand cricket is a variant of cricket played in the Trobriand Islands. The Trobrianders, who live on the Trobriand Islands, came up with the game. Trobriand cricket is an example of how an introduced characteristic can interact with local culture, as well as the flexibility and adaptability of human culture.

Between Trobriand cricket and regular cricket, there are some important distinctions. Trobriand cricket was designed to conform to Trobriand culture, whereas regular cricket was brought to the Trobriand Islands by British colonizers. As a result, Trobriand cricket, like other types of cricket, was altered and tailored to local tastes.

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The force that is responsible for the traction of your tires is called friction. Friction is a force that opposes the motion of objects in contact with one another.

It's the resistance force that opposes the sliding or rolling of an object on a surface. In the case of car tires, friction is what enables them to grip the road surface and create traction to move forward. Without sufficient friction, the tires will slip and the car won't be able to move.In addition to friction, other forces that can affect tire traction include gravity, air resistance, and the force of the road surface itself. For example, a rough, bumpy road will have less traction than a smooth, flat road.

Similarly, wet or icy roads will reduce the amount of traction available to the tires, making it more difficult to control the car. In order to maintain good traction, it's important to keep your tires in good condition by checking the air pressure, tread depth, and overall condition on a regular basis.

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The option that was NOT a way in which Mussolini maintained power as Italy's Prime Minister is "b. He created a command economy."

Mussolini employed various methods to consolidate and maintain his power as Italy's Prime Minister during his rule as the leader of the Fascist Party. However, creating a command economy was not one of those methods. A command economy refers to a system in which the government has complete control over economic planning and decision-making, including the allocation of resources and production. While Mussolini implemented economic policies to strengthen the state and promote national interests, such as corporatism and state intervention in certain industries, he did not establish a fully command-based economic system like those seen in communist regimes.

The other options mentioned were strategies used by Mussolini to solidify his control over Italy. Firstly, he indeed threw out the parliamentary system by establishing a one-party rule, where the Fascist Party held absolute power and opposition parties were suppressed. Mussolini also outlawed other political parties, effectively eliminating any potential challenges to his authority. Additionally, he employed spies and secret police, such as the OVRA, to monitor and intimidate opposition groups, dissidents, and potential threats to his regime.

Therefore, of the options given, the one that does not align with Mussolini's methods of maintaining power is "b. He created a command economy."

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False, After its iron tracks were rebuilt, the Underground Railroad ran on steel ones that were typically hidden in vegetation.

The Underground Railroad was a secret network of people and places that helped slaves escape from slavery in the southern states of America. It was not an actual railroad that ran on tracks made of steel or iron. The name "Underground Railroad" was a metaphor used to describe the network of secret routes and safe houses used by slaves to escape to freedom in the North.

The Underground Railroad was not a physical railroad and didn't have actual tracks, train cars, or engines. It was operated by people who were opposed to slavery and wanted to help slaves escape to freedom. They used various methods and signals to communicate with each other and help slaves move from one place to another safely. Therefore, the answer is option b) false.

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In 1890, two-thirds of the population of Greater New York had been born abroad or were children of foreign parents. This indicates a significant influx of immigrants, contributing to diversity and cultural fabric of city.

The late 19th century witnessed a massive wave of immigration to the United States, and cities like New York became major destinations for newcomers seeking better opportunities. In 1890, the population of Greater New York, which included the boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Queens, and Richmond (Staten Island), reached around 2.5 million people. Of this population, an estimated two-thirds were either foreign-born individuals or children of foreign-born parents.

This high proportion of immigrants and their descendants reflects the demographic impact of the large-scale immigration during that time, primarily from countries such as Germany, Ireland, Italy, Eastern Europe, and other parts of the world. The immigrant population brought with them diverse languages, cultures, and traditions, shaping the social, economic, and cultural landscape of Greater New York.

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Correct option is d.montage. Sergei Eisenstein is a famous Russian filmmaker who is renowned for developing several influential theories in the field of filmmaking. One of the most significant theories he came up with is the concept of Montage.

Montage is a technique of film editing that involves the arrangement and combination of various images to create an entirely new meaning.Eisenstein believed that montage could be used to evoke an emotional response in the audience. He created his own form of montage called intellectual montage, where he would take seemingly unrelated images and use them to create a new meaning. In his theory of montage, Eisenstein distinguished between five types of montage: metric, rhythmic, tonal, overtonal, and intellectual.

The metric montage uses the length of shots to create a sense of rhythm and pace. Rhythmic montage relies on visual and auditory elements to create a sense of movement. Tonal montage uses color to create an emotional response. Overtonal montage combines all three elements of metric, rhythmic, and tonal montage. Intellectual montage is the most complex form of montage, where Eisenstein would use unrelated images to create a new meaning.

In conclusion, Sergei Eisenstein advanced the influential theories of montage, including the concept of intellectual montage, which he believed could evoke an emotional response in the audience.

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