The statement that is true is option (c) - it is efficient for the government to tax the residents $2,000 each and install a streetlight.
To determine the most efficient option for installing a streetlight, we need to consider the cost of the streetlight and the individual values placed on it by the neighbors. The cost of the streetlight is $40,000, and each neighbor values it at $3,000. Since the total value placed on the streetlight by the neighbors is $3,000 per neighbor multiplied by 20 neighbors, the total value is $60,000.
Comparing the cost of the streetlight ($40,000) with the total value placed on it by the neighbors ($60,000), we can see that the value exceeds the cost. This suggests that installing the streetlight would be efficient. Option (b) suggests that each neighbor pays a $3,000 contribution. However, since the total cost of the streetlight is $40,000, this would not cover the full cost.
Option (c) proposes that the government taxes the residents $2,000 each and installs the streetlight. Given that the total amount collected from the residents ($2,000 per neighbor multiplied by 20 neighbors) would be $40,000, which covers the full cost of the streetlight, this option is efficient. Hence, the statement that is true is option (c) - it is efficient for the government to tax the residents $2,000 each and install a streetlight.
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Exercise 1-15 (Algo) Identifying effects of transactions using the accounting equation LO P1 Ming Chen started a business and had the following transactions in June. a. Owner invested \( \$ 59,000 \)
All the transactions have been recorded on both sides of the Accounting equation and the equation remains balanced. The increase in assets is equal to the increase in liabilities and Owner's Equity.
Transaction of Ming Chen and its effect on the accounting equation:
Transaction 1: Ming Chen started a business and invested $59,000 in it.
Effect on Accounting Equation:
Assets increased by $59,000 (Cash) and Owner's Equity increased by $59,000. (Capital increased)
Transaction 2: Paid $22,000 for rent for the first six months.
Effect on Accounting Equation:
Assets decreased by $22,000 (Cash) and Liabilities decreased by $22,000 (Accrued Rent).
Transaction 3: Purchased equipment for $35,000 on account.
Effect on Accounting Equation:
Assets increased by $35,000 (Equipment) and Liabilities increased by $35,000 (Accounts Payable).
Transaction 4: Purchased $4,000 of supplies on account.
Effect on Accounting Equation:
Assets increased by $4,000 (Supplies) and Liabilities increased by $4,000 (Accounts Payable).
Transaction 5: Completed a job and billed client $18,000 for services rendered.
Effect on Accounting Equation:
Assets increased by $18,000 (Accounts Receivable) and Revenues increased by $18,000. (Service Revenue)
Transaction 6: Received $7,000 from the client who was billed previously.
Effect on Accounting Equation:
Assets increased by $7,000 (Cash) and Liabilities decreased by $7,000 (Accounts Receivable).
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b) The following market information is provided. S(CAD/USD)=1.3025/35 (CAD per USD) The 1-month swap points =15/25 Note: CAD= Canadian Dollars; USD = United States Dollars (i) If a financial manager wishes to buy 3,500,000 USD against CAD in the spot market, what is the amount of CAD that the financial manager will need to pay? (3 marks) (ii) If a financial manager wishes to sell USD against CAD using a 1-month forward contract, what is the forward rate that will be used for the transaction? (3 marks) (iii) Suppose the mid-rate of S(SGD/USD) is 1.4050 (SGD per USD), calculate the cross rate of S(SGD/CAD), which is the amount of SGD per CAD. You may use the mid-rate of S(CAD/USD)=1.3030 for your calculations. You may leave your final answer in 5 decimal places. (4 marks) (iv) What is the bid and offer price of CAD in terms of USD as denoted by S(USD/CAD)? You may leave your final answer in 5 decimal places. (3 marks)
The bid and offer price of CAD in terms of USD as denoted by S(USD/CAD) is 0.7667 and 0.7675 respectively (to 5 decimal places).
If a financial manager wishes to buy 3,500,000 USD against CAD in the spot market, the amount of CAD that the financial manager will need to pay is given as follows:
S(CAD/USD) = 1.3025/35
CAD/USD = 1/1.3025
= 0.7675CAD
= 3,500,000 x 0.7675
= 2,684,625 CAD
If a financial manager wishes to sell USD against CAD using a 1-month forward contract, the forward rate that will be used for the transaction is given as follows:
S(CAD/USD) = 1.3025/35 (CAD per USD)
1-month swap points = 15/25 (CAD per USD)
The forward rate is calculated as follows:
Spot rate = 1.3035 (CAD per USD)
15/10000 x 1.3035 = 0.1955 cents per CAD
0.1955 + 1.3035 = 1.3230
Forward rate = 1.3230
The cross rate of S(SGD/CAD) is calculated as follows:
S(SGD/USD) = 1.4050 (SGD per USD)
S(CAD/USD) = 1.3030 (CAD per USD)
Cross rate of S(SGD/CAD) = S(SGD/USD) / S(CAD/USD)
= 1.4050 / 1.3030
= 1.0783
The bid and offer price of CAD in terms of USD as denoted by S(USD/CAD) is given as follows:
S(CAD/USD) = 1.3025/35CAD/USD
= 1/1.3025
= 0.7675
Bid price for CAD = 1.3025
Offer price for CAD = 1.3035
Therefore, S(USD/CAD) = Bid price
= 1/1.3035
= 0.7667S(USD/CAD)
= Offer price
= 1/1.3025
= 0.7675
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all of the following are typically part of a venture fund’s typical compensation and incentive structure except: a. some percent annual fee on invested capital b. a percent share of any profits to the managing general partner c. carried interest d. salary for the general partners
The option that is typically not part of a venture fund's compensation and incentive structure is salary for the general partners. Thus, option D is correct.
In a venture fund's typical compensation and incentive structure, the following elements are usually present:
a. Some percent annual fee on invested capital: Venture funds typically charge an annual management fee based on a percentage of the invested capital. This fee covers the fund's operating expenses.
b. A percent share of any profits to the managing general partner: The managing general partner of a venture fund receives a share of the profits generated by the fund. This is often referred to as a "carried interest" and provides an incentive for the general partner to generate positive returns.
c. Carried interest: As mentioned above, carried interest is a portion of the profits that the managing general partner receives. It is usually calculated as a percentage of the fund's profits after returning the investors' initial capital.
d. Salary for the general partners: Unlike traditional employment structures, venture funds do not typically provide a fixed salary for general partners. Instead, their compensation primarily comes from the management fee and carried interest.
Therefore, the correct answer is d. salary for the general partners.
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To apply a Poisson probability distribution, the mean can be computed as Multiple Choice mt \( \frac{\sum x}{\pi} \) \( e-x \) \( \frac{p^{2} \cdots}{x} \)
To apply a Poisson probability distribution, the mean can be computed as `Multiple Choice \( \frac{\sum x}{\pi} \) is the correct option.
Probability distribution refers to the probability of occurrence of the random variable x. Poisson Probability distribution is a statistical method used to predict the probability of occurrence of events over a specified period.
Poisson distribution is used in statistics to analyze the likelihood of events occurring within a specified time frame.The formula to compute mean in Poisson distribution is as follows:
Mean (μ) = λ= E(X)
where,E(X) is the expected value of the random variable x.
λ is the average rate of occurrence of an event.
The formula to find the probability of occurrence of events in the Poisson distribution is given below:
P(x) = (e-λ λx)/x!
Here,x is the number of occurrences of an event.
λ is the average number of occurrences of an event in a specified time frame.
e is a constant equal to 2.71828.
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how many phases does the international planing process involve?
The international planning process can vary depending on the specific context and goals involved. However, a common framework often used in international planning is a three-phase process. These phases are:
Analysis and Assessment: This phase involves conducting a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the situation, context, and factors relevant to the international planning process. It includes identifying goals and objectives, conducting research, analyzing data, assessing risks and opportunities, and understanding the political, economic, social, and cultural factors that may impact the planning process.
Strategy Development: Once the analysis and assessment phase is complete, the next phase is to develop a strategic plan. This phase involves formulating strategies, setting priorities, establishing action plans, and defining the resources and capabilities needed to achieve the desired goals and objectives. It may also involve identifying potential partners, stakeholders, and allies, as well as considering diplomatic, economic, and other approaches to international engagement.Implementation and Evaluation: The final phase of the international planning process is the implementation of the strategic plan. This involves executing the action plans, allocating resources, coordinating activities, and monitoring progress towards the defined goals achived.
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A
customer settled an overdue account in the amount of $800 on
January 16. The customer signed a 30 day promissory note for $700
bearing 12% and gave $100 in cash to the lender. The lender
properly ac
A promissory note is a financial instrument that is a written promise made by one person to pay another person a specific amount of money at a specific time. It is an unconditional promise to pay.
The problem is requiring an understanding of the concept of promissory notes. The given amount is $800. The customer paid the amount of $100 in cash and gave a promissory note of $700 bearing 12% interest for 30 days. The note includes the terms of the debt, including payment amount, interest rate, and due date, among other things. According to the question, the customer settled an overdue account with a $800 payment. He paid $100 in cash and gave the lender a promissory note of $700 for 30 days at an interest rate of 12%.
The lender records the payment as follows: $100 will be recorded as Cash payment, $700 as Notes receivable and $0 as Sales revenue since the customer has not paid the full amount yet. The calculation for interest income on the note is as follows: [tex]$700 × 12% × 30 days/365 days = $6.8493.[/tex]. The lender will record $6.85 as Interest receivable. After 30 days, on February 15, the customer will make the payment for the note.
The payment will be recorded as follows: $700 will be recorded as Notes receivable, $6.85 as Interest revenue, and $0 as Sales revenue. The payment of $706.85 will be recorded as Cash. In conclusion, the journal entry for the customer's payment of the overdue account and the issuance of a 30-day promissory note of $700 bearing 12% interest, with $100 paid in cash, is recorded by the lender as follows:Jan. 16 Cash $100Notes Receivable $700Sales Revenue $0Jan. 16 Interest Receivable $6.85Notes Receivable $6.85Jan. 16 Cash $706.85Notes Receivable $700Interest Revenue $6.85
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Under a binding minimum wage (i.e., above the equilibrium wage): _____
A binding minimum wage, set above the equilibrium wage, can result in reduced employment opportunities while increasing wages for workers who secure employment.
When a minimum wage is set above the equilibrium level, it creates a situation where the mandated wage rate is higher than what would naturally occur in the labor market. As a result, employers may be less inclined to hire as many workers, leading to a reduction in employment opportunities.
Some businesses may find it financially challenging to afford the higher wage rates and may cut back on their workforce or reduce hiring. On the other hand, workers who are able to secure employment at the higher minimum wage will benefit from an increase in their wages. This can provide low-wage workers with a higher income level and potentially help alleviate poverty and improve living standards.
By raising the minimum wage, policymakers aim to address income inequality and ensure that workers receive fair compensation. It is essential to consider the potential trade-offs associated with a binding minimum wage. While it may benefit those who can secure employment at the higher wage, it can also lead to reduced job opportunities and potential negative effects on businesses, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises.
The impact of a binding minimum wage can vary across different industries and regions, depending on factors such as labor market conditions, the elasticity of labor demand and supply, and the overall economic environment. Policymakers must carefully evaluate the potential benefits and drawbacks before implementing or adjusting minimum wage policies.
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6. White Water Kayak Company's bank statement for the month of September showed a balance per bank of $6,900. The company's Cash account in the general ledger had a balance of $5,573 at September 30 . Other information is as follows: (1) Cash receipts for September 30 recorded on the company's books were $5,850 but this amount does not appear on the bank statement. (2) The bank statement shows a debit memorandum for $25 for check printing charges. (3) Check No. 119 payable to Blacque Company was recorded in the cash payments journal and cleared the bank for $236. A review of the accounts payable subsidiary ledger shows a $27 credit balance in the account of Blacque Company and that the payment to them should have been for $263. (4) The total amount of checks still outstanding at September 30 amounted to $4,800. (5) Check No. 148 was correctly written and paid by the bank for $408. The cash payment journal reflects an entry for Check No. 148 as a debit to Accounts Payable and a credit to Cash in Bank for $480. (6) The bank returned an NSF check from a customer for $340. (7) The bank included a credit memorandum for $2,670 which represents collection of a customer's note by the bank for the company; principal amount of the note was $2,600 and interest was $70. Interest has not been accrued. Instructions (a) Prepare a bank reconciliation for White Water Kayak Company at September 30 . (b) Prepare any adjusting entries necessary as a result of the bank reconciliation.
The total of all adjusting entries is $305 ($263 + $72 - $70). The total of all adjustments will now be added to the balance per the Cash Book, which gives the correct balance of $825.
Bank Reconciliation Statement of White Water Kayak Company as at September 30:
Particulars Amount ($) Amount ($)
Balance as per Bank Statement 6,900
Add: Deposits in transit 5,850
12,750
Less: Outstanding checks 4,800
Adjusted balance 7,950
Balance as per Cash Book 5,573
Add: NSF check 340
5,913
Less: Bank charges 25
Outstanding checks 4,800
Incorrect payment for check no. 119263
Total deductions 5,088
Adjusted balance 825
The Adjusting entries necessary for the bank reconciliation are as follows:
White Water Kayak Company Bank Reconciliation Adjustment Entry:
Account Title and Explanation Debit ($) Credit ($)
Blacque Company Account Payable 263 Accounts Payable 263
To record the correct payment to Blacque Company
Accounts Payable 72 Cash in Bank 72
To adjust the check no. 148 payment difference to Accounts Payable
Interest expense 70 Interest Receivable 70
To record interest earned on the customer's note as per the bank statement
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Nokela industries purchases a \( \$ 40.8 \) million cyclo-converter. The cyclo-converter will be depreciated by \( \$ 102 \) million per year over four years. starting this year. Suppose Nokela's tax
The end of Year 4, the net book value of the cyclo-converter is -$61.2 million. Since the net book value is negative, Nokela industries can take a tax credit equal to the tax rate times the net book value of the cyclo-converter.
Given: The initial cost of the cyclo-converter purchased by Nokela industries is $40.8 million
The cyclo-converter will be depreciated by $102 million per year over four years, starting this year
Therefore, we need to determine the depreciation amount and net book value of the cyclo-converter at the end of each year. To calculate the depreciation amount, we need to use the straight-line method since the depreciation amount is the same each year.
Depreciation amount per year = Total depreciation amount / Useful life
Depreciation amount per year = $102 million / 4 years = $25.5 million
Year 1
Depreciation amount = $25.5 million
Net book value = Initial cost - Depreciation amount
Net book value = $40.8 million - $25.5 million
Net book value = $15.3 million
Year 2
Depreciation amount = $25.5 million
Net book value = Initial cost - Depreciation amount
Net book value = $40.8 million - $51 million
Net book value = -$10.2 million
Year 3
Depreciation amount = $25.5 million
Net book value = Initial cost - Depreciation amount
Net book value = $40.8 million - $76.5 million
Net book value = -$35.7 million
Year 4
Depreciation amount = $25.5 million
Net book value = Initial cost - Depreciation amount
Net book value = $40.8 million - $102 million
Net book value = -$61.2 million
Tax credit = Tax rate x Net book value
Tax credit = Tax rate x -$61.2 million = -$61.2 million x Tax rate
For example, if the tax rate is 30%, then the tax credit is -$18.36 million.
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You own the library in Australia, Brisbane city. And you are thinking installing 15 computers with desk
which company in Australia should You hire to install all the things? also estimate the labor cost.
When installing computers with desks in your library in Brisbane, you can hire an IT company specializing in computer installation, consider computer retailers that offer installation services, or consult with office furniture suppliers.
1. Hire an IT company specializing in computer installation: Look for local IT companies that offer services specifically related to computer setup and installation. These companies usually have experience in installing computer hardware, connecting peripherals, and setting up network connections.
2. Consider computer retailers: Many computer retailers offer installation services along with the purchase of their products. You can check with local computer stores or large retailers that sell computers to see if they provide installation services. This could be convenient, as you can purchase the computers and have them installed by the same company.
3. Consult with office furniture suppliers: Since you also require desks along with the computers, you might consider reaching out to office furniture suppliers. Some of these suppliers may offer installation services for desks and may also be able to assist with computer setup.
Estimating labor costs can vary depending on several factors, such as the complexity of the installation, the number of desks and computers, and the specific requirements you have. It would be best to obtain quotes from the companies you are considering to get a more accurate estimate of the labor costs involved.
In conclusion, when installing computers with desks in your library in Brisbane, you can hire an IT company specializing in computer installation, consider computer retailers that offer installation services, or consult with office furniture suppliers.
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East Company’s shares are selling right now for $45. They expect that the dividend one year from now will be $2.22 and the required return is 10%. What is East Company’s dividend growth rate assuming that the constant dividend growth model is appropriate?
4.43%
4.73%
5.50%
5.07%
4.93%
The dividend growth rate is approximately 0.0493, or 4.93% (rounded to two decimal points).
Therefore, the correct answer is 4.93%
To calculate the dividend growth rate using the constant dividend growth model, we can use the formula:
Dividend Growth Rate = Dividend / Current Stock Price
In this case, the expected dividend one year from now is $2.22 and the current stock price is $45. The required return is given as 10%.
Dividend Growth Rate = $2.22 / $45 ≈ 0.0493
The dividend growth rate is approximately 0.0493, or 4.93% (rounded to two decimal points).
Therefore, the correct answer is 4.93%.
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how do central banks impact the global economy? responses they keep the global money supply under control, which prevents runaway inflation. they keep the global money supply under control, which prevents runaway inflation. they enforce tight regulations, which limit the mobility of capital and the amount of foreign investment. they enforce tight regulations, which limit the mobility of capital and the amount of foreign investment. they influence the national money supply, which affects the volume of international trade. they influence the national money supply, which affects the volume of international trade. they control the currency exchange market, which determines prices in the international market.
Central banks have a significant impact on the global economy through their control over the money supply, enforcement of regulations, influence on national money supply, and management of the currency exchange market.
Central banks play a crucial role in shaping the global economy through various mechanisms. Here are some key ways in which central banks impact the global economy:
Controlling Money Supply: Central banks regulate the money supply within their respective countries, which can have significant effects on the global economy. By adjusting interest rates, implementing open market operations, and employing other monetary policy tools, central banks aim to keep inflation in check and stabilize the overall economy. This helps prevent runaway inflation that can have negative consequences worldwide.Regulatory Measures: Central banks enforce regulations and policies that aim to maintain financial stability and prevent excessive risk-taking. By imposing tight regulations on financial institutions, central banks limit the mobility of capital and the amount of foreign investment. These regulations help mitigate financial crises and maintain the integrity of the global financial system.Influence on National Money Supply: Central banks' control over the national money supply affects the volume of international trade. Adjustments in interest rates or the implementation of quantitative easing can impact a country's currency value, which, in turn, affects its competitiveness in international trade. Changes in national money supply can lead to currency fluctuations that influence exports, imports, and overall trade balances.Currency Exchange Market: Central banks often intervene in the currency exchange market to manage their country's currency value. By buying or selling currencies, central banks can influence exchange rates, which have implications for international trade and pricing in the global market. These actions can help maintain currency stability, support export-driven economies, and manage trade imbalances.Learn more about Central banks here:
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everything is right except for the blanks. please help!!
Tableau DA 21-2: Exercise, Computing break-even, target income, and margin of safety LO C2 Our team is hired by Apple to help assess whether or not to continue to manufacture and sell an older model o
Given that our team is hired by Apple to assess whether or not to continue manufacturing and selling an older model of its Mac computers.
The selling price is $2,000 per unit, while the variable cost per unit is $1,200, while fixed costs are $2,000,000 per month. Let's now calculate the break-even point; Breakeven point in units = fixed cost/contribution per unit. Where contribution per unit = selling price - variable cost per unit.
Therefore, [tex]contribution per unit = $2,000 - $1,200[/tex] Contribution per unit = $800 [tex]Breakeven point = $2,000,000/$800 = 2500 units[/tex] From the computation above, Apple needs to sell 2,500 units to break even. If the company can sell less than 2,500 units, it would not break even.
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Below are the latest financial statements of Z&M Company:
Z&M Company
Income Statement ($ millions)
Sales revenue
$1,974
Cost of sales
1,117
Gross profit
$ 857
Operating expenses
737
Operating profit
$ 120
Interest expenses
39
Income tax expense
20
Net income
$ 61
Z&M Company
Balance Sheet ($ millions)
Current assets
Cash
$ 18
Accounts receivable
154
Inventory
267
Total current assets
$ 439
Long-term assets
Property, plant & equipment, net
$ 444
Other assets
337
Total long-term assets
781
Total assets
$1,220
Current liabilities
Trade creditors
$ 143
Short-term bank loans
100
Total current liabilities
$ 243
Long-term debt
550
Total liabilities
$ 793
Common shares (31 million)
$ 31
Retained earnings
396
Total equity
427
Total liabilities & equity
$1,220
Required
a) The shareholders want to purchase another business for $25 million. The company does not want to use the cash they have in the business cash account. Provide a strategy on how the company can source the funds to purchase the $25 million business.
The shareholders of Z&M Company want to purchase another business for $25 million without using the cash currently available in the business cash account. We need to provide a strategy for the company to source the funds for this acquisition.
One possible strategy for Z&M Company to acquire the funds for the $25 million purchase is to consider a combination of debt and equity financing.
1. Debt Financing: Z&M Company can approach financial institutions or issue bonds to raise the required funds. Given their financial statements, Z&M Company has a long-term debt of $550 million. They can explore the possibility of obtaining additional long-term debt or securing a loan specifically for this acquisition. This would involve negotiating favorable terms such as interest rates and repayment schedules.
2. Equity Financing: Z&M Company can also consider issuing additional common shares or offering other equity instruments to investors. By issuing new shares, the company can raise capital from shareholders who are willing to invest in the business and participate in its future growth. This approach would increase the company's total equity, providing the necessary funds for the acquisition.
A combination of debt and equity financing would enable Z&M Company to diversify its funding sources and minimize the impact on its existing cash reserves. The specific mix of debt and equity would depend on factors such as the company's creditworthiness, cost of debt, investor appetite, and the willingness of existing shareholders to participate in the equity issuance.
To source the funds for the $25 million business acquisition, Z&M Company can adopt a strategy that involves a combination of debt and equity financing. By exploring options for securing additional long-term debt and issuing new shares, the company can raise the necessary capital while preserving the cash currently available in the business cash account.
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b) Briefly explain the recognition of financial assets and liabilities (with two examples each) in accordance with MPERS requirements. (5marks) Computation of cost or value for assets and liabilities
In accordance with the MPERS (Malaysian Private Entities Reporting Standard), financial assets and liabilities should be recognized when there is a legal contract between the parties involved.
Recognition implies that a financial asset or liability should be included in the balance sheet when an entity is a party to a contract and has a legal obligation to deliver cash or another financial asset to another party or to settle a financial obligation to another party.
In other words, recognition implies that a financial asset or liability should be reported when the terms of a financial agreement have been fulfilled. Recognition of Financial Assets:
The following are examples of financial assets that should be identified under the MPERS:
1. Trade receivables: Trade receivables should be recognized as assets in accordance with the MPERS. These are amounts owed by customers who have purchased goods or services on credit.
2. Bank deposits: Cash and cash equivalents, such as bank deposits, should be recognized as financial assets when they meet the criteria for recognition under the MPERS.
Recognition of Financial Liabilities:
The following are examples of financial liabilities that should be recognized under the MPERS:
1. Accounts payable: Accounts payable should be recognized as financial liabilities when a company receives goods or services from a supplier but has not yet paid for them.
2. Bank loans: Bank loans should be recognized as financial liabilities when a company borrows funds from a financial institution and agrees to pay them back with interest.
Similarly, the present value of future cash flows associated with a bank loan should be estimated using a discount rate that reflects the credit risk of the borrower and the market interest rate.
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Q5 a) For a hypothetical economy following functions are given: Consumption function: \( \quad C=400+0.6 Y \) Planned Investment function \( \quad I=200 \) Government purchases function \( G=250 \) Ne
Given, Consumption function: C = 400 + 0.6 Y Planned Investment function I = 200 Government purchases function G = 250Net exports function NX = 20 - 0.05 Y.
Where, Y = Real GDP To find, Calculate the equilibrium level of real GDP Solution: In an economy, the equilibrium level of real GDP is the level at which aggregate expenditures (AE) are equal to the total production or output of goods and services in the economy.
Mathematically, AE = C + I + G + NX
Where, C = Consumption function I = Planned Investment function G = Government purchases function NX = Net exports function Putting all the values in the above equation,
AE = C + I + G + NX[tex]AE = (400 + 0.6Y) + 200 + 250 + (20 - 0.05 Y)AE = 870 + 0.55 YY = AE In equilibrium, AE = Y870 + 0.55 Y = Y870 = 0.45 YY[/tex]
[tex]= 870/0.45Y = $ 1933.33[/tex]
So, the equilibrium level of real GDP is $1933.33.
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Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Compute the direct materials price and quantity variances. Indicate whether each variance is favorable or unfavorable. Actual Cost < Required 1 Required 2 > Standard Cost Required 1 Required 2 Compute the direct labor rate variance and the direct labor efficiency variance. Indicate whether each variance is favorable or unfavorable. Actual Cost < Required 1 Required 2 > Standard Cost
Direct Material Price variance = $400 (Favorable), Direct Material Quantity variance = $1,400 (Unfavorable), Direct Labor Rate Variance = $300 (Favorable), Direct Labor Efficiency Variance = $600 (Unfavorable).
Direct Material Price variance = Actual Cost - (Standard Price x Actual Quantity)
= $8,500 - ($1.40 x 6,200)
= $8,500 - $8,680
= $180 (Favorable)
Direct Material Quantity variance = (Actual Quantity x Standard Price) - (Standard Quantity x Standard Price)
= (6,200 x $1.40) - (6,400 x $1.40)
= $8,680 - $8,960
= $280 (Unfavorable)
Direct Labor Rate Variance = Actual Cost - (Standard Rate x Actual Hours)
= $7,200 - ($9.60 x 720)
= $7,200 - $6,912
= $288 (Favorable)
Direct Labor Efficiency Variance = (Standard Rate x Actual Hours) - (Standard Rate x Standard Hours)
= ($9.60 x 720) - ($9.60 x 700)
= $6,912 - $6,720
= $192 (Unfavorable)
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Exercise 17-3 (Algo) Computing and analyzing trend percents LO P1 2018 228,096 113,517 13,298 Sales Cost of goods sold Accounts receivable. 2021 $ 601,386 297,179 29,227 Numerator: 2020 $ 400,924 198,253 23,534 2019 $ 318,194. 159,365 21,701 Compute trend percents for the above accounts, using 2017 as the base year. For each of the three accounts, state whether the situation as revealed by the trend percents appears to be favorable or unfavorable. Trend Percent for Net Sales: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2017: Is the trend percent for Net Sales favorable or unfavorable? 1 $ Denominator: M 2017 $ 172,800 84,672 11,820 #H Trend percent % % % % % Is the trend percent for Net Sales favorable or unfavorable? 2021: 2020: 2019: Numerator: 2021: 2020: 2019: Trend Percent for Cost of Goods Sold: Denominator: Numerator: 1 2018: 2017: Is the trend percent for Cost of Goods Sold favorable or unfavorable? 1 Trend Percent for Accounts Receivable: Denominator: 1 1 2018: 2017: 1 Is the trend percent for Accounts Receivable favorable or unfavorable? = = 11 11 HH = Trend percent Trend percent je de de % % % % % ***** % % % % %
Trend percents are commonly used in accounting to evaluate changes in financial statement items. It allows comparing the dollar changes between periods and is expressed as a percentage of the base year, which is the first year of the comparison. Here, we need to compute trend percents for the given accounts, using 2017 as the base year. We also need to state whether the situation as revealed by the trend percents appears to be favorable or unfavorable.
Trend Percent for Net Sales: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2017: Numerator: 601,386 400,924 318,194 228,096 172,800 Denominator: 172,800 172,800 172,800 172,800 172,800 Trend percent: 348.7% 232.2% 184.3% 132.0% 100% The trend percent for Net Sales is favorable as it has increased over the years. Trend Percent for Cost of Goods Sold: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2017: Numerator: 297,179 198,253 159,365 113,517 84,672 Denominator: 84,672 84,672 84,672 84,672 84,672 Trend percent: 350.6% 233.9% 188.2% 134.0% 100% The trend percent for Cost of Goods Sold is favorable as it has increased over the years. Trend Percent for Accounts Receivable: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2017: Numerator: 29,227 23,534 21,701 13,298 11,820 Denominator: 11,820 11,820 11,820 11,820 11,820 Trend percent: 247.2% 198.7% 183.6% 112.4% 100% The trend percent for Accounts Receivable is favorable as it has increased over the years.
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Four friends, Alan, Ben, Carl and Don formed cartel to market
their apples. Their total cost functions are:
TC is in hundreds of dollars, and Q is in cartons
per month picked and shipped.
a. Tabulat
In this case, the four friends joined hands to form a cartel to produce apples, and thus, their total cost functions have been given in the form of a table.
Given that Alan, Ben, Carl, and Don formed a cartel to market their apples. Their total cost functions are given as follows: TC is in hundreds of dollars, and Q is in cartons per month picked and shipped. The tabulation of their total cost functions is given below: QAlanBenCarlDonTCTCACBCCCDTOTAL100801002101400175500.
The above table depicts the total cost incurred by the friends, Alan, Ben, Carl, and Don while producing Q quantity of cartons of apples. Hence, the above table depicts the total cost function of Alan, Ben, Carl, and Don together to produce apples. A cartel refers to an association of producers in a particular industry.
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Part I: Effective cost per hour - 1 shift (8 hours) per day - 5 holidays - 7 days of vacation - Fringe: 37% of base wage - Base hourly wage: $12.50 per hour - 30-minute lunch (paid) plus two 15-minute breaks (paid) per day 1. What is the effective cost per hour per employee? ( 50 points) Part II: Reduction in labor cost - Assume 307,000 hours of work needed every year - Productivity increases from 70% to 80% - Round number of workers to whole numbers (below . 5 , round down; .5 and above, round up) 2. What is the total dollar change in labor expense from this 10% increase in productivity? 3. What is the percent change in labor expense from this 10% increase in productivity? ( 25 points)
Percent change = (Dollar change / Current labor expense) * 100.
Part I: To calculate the effective cost per hour per employee, we need to consider various factors:
1. Calculate the total hours worked in a year:
- A standard shift is 8 hours per day, so multiply by the number of working days in a year (365 - 5 holidays - 7 vacation days).
- Total hours worked per year = 8 hours/day * (365 - 5 - 7) days = 8 * 353 = 2824 hours.
2. Calculate the fringe cost per hour:
- Fringe cost is 37% of the base wage, which is $12.50 per hour.
- Fringe cost per hour = 37% * $12.50 = $4.63 per hour.
3. Calculate the total cost per hour:
- Add the base wage and the fringe cost per hour.
- Total cost per hour = $12.50 + $4.63 = $17.13 per hour.
Part II: To calculate the total dollar change in labor expense and the percent change in labor expense:
1. Calculate the current labor expense:
- Current labor expense = Current hours * Current cost per hour.
- Current hours = 307,000 hours * (70% / 100) = 214,900 hours (rounded down to the nearest whole number).
- Current labor expense = 214,900 hours * $17.13 per hour.
2. Calculate the new labor expense after the productivity increase:
- New hours = 307,000 hours * (80% / 100) = 245,600 hours (rounded up to the nearest whole number).
- New labor expense = 245,600 hours * $17.13 per hour.
3. Calculate the dollar change and percent change:
- Dollar change = New labor expense - Current labor expense.
- Percent change = (Dollar change / Current labor expense) * 100.
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On September 1, Crane Marine had an inventory of 21 boats at a cost of \( \$ 2,000 \) each. Crane does not expect any returns from sales of boats. The company uses a perpetual inventory system. During
On September 1, Crane Marine had an inventory of 21 boats at a cost of $2,000 each. Crane does not expect any returns from sales of boats.
The company uses a perpetual inventory system. During September, Crane made the following purchases and sales:
Date Item Purchased or Sold Number of Boats Total Cost or Sales Price
Sept. 3 Boats Purchased 35 $80,000
Sept. 7 Boats Sold 20 $56,000
Sept. 19 Boats Sold 10 $28,000
Sept. 22 Boats Purchased 15 $33,000
Sept. 25 Boats Sold 18 $50,400
The cost of goods sold (COGS) is calculated as the cost of the merchandise that a business sells to its customers. In other words, it is the cost of the goods that are sold during a specific accounting period and removed from inventory. Crane Marine's cost of goods sold for September would be calculated as follows:
COGS = Beginning Inventory + Purchases - Ending Inventory
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Since the 1960s, the world consumption of soy increased by more than 700% due to population and income growth. However, in the same period, the price of soy decreased by 50%. Which of the following can explain the drop in price together with the large rise in consumption?
The price of pork increased (soy is used as animal feed).
The price of corn increased (corn can be produced in the same land instead of soy in many regions).
The price of land for soy farming increased.
Productivity of soy farming increased due to technological development.
The price of wheat decreased (soy is a close substitute for wheat in many countries).
The drop in the price of soy together with the large rise in consumption can be explained by multiple factors. Here are the possible reasons:
1. The price of pork increased, and soy is used as animal feed.
When the price of pork goes up, farmers tend to reduce the amount of pork they produce.
As a result, the demand for soy as animal feed decreases, leading to a decrease in soy prices.
2. The price of corn increased, and corn can be produced on the same land instead of soy in many regions.
Corn and soy are both widely used as animal feed.
If the price of corn increases, farmers may choose to plant more corn instead of soy.
This would increase the supply of corn and decrease the demand for soy, resulting in a drop in soy prices.
3. The price of land for soy farming increased. If the cost of acquiring or leasing land for soy farming increases, it becomes more expensive for farmers to produce soy.
As a result, some farmers may switch to other crops, reducing the supply of soy and potentially causing a drop in soy prices.
4. Productivity of soy farming increased due to technological development. Technological advancements in agriculture can improve the efficiency and productivity of soy farming.
When farmers are able to produce more soy per unit of land or with less labor, the supply of soy increases, which can lead to a decrease in prices.
5. The price of wheat decreased, and soy is a close substitute for wheat in many countries. If the price of wheat drops, consumers may switch to soy as a cheaper alternative.
This increase in demand for soy can drive up consumption and potentially lead to a decrease in soy prices.
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Consider the following information for Presidio Inc.'s most recent year of operations. Number of units produced 2,900 Number of units sold 1,750 Sales price per unit $ 680.00 Direct materials per unit 55.00 Direct labor per unit 85.00 Variable manufacturing overhead per unit 35.00 Fixed manufacturing overhead per unit ($343,360 118.40 • 2,900 units) Total variable selling expenses ($13 per unit sold) 22,750.00 Total fixed general and administrative expenses 79,000.00 Required: 2-a. Complete a full absorption costing income statement for Presidio. Assume there was no beginning inventory. 2-b. Complete a variable costing income statement for Presidio. Assume there was no beginning inventory. 3. Compute the difference in profit between full absorption costing and variable costing. Req 2A Req 2B Reg 3 Complete a full absorption costing income statement for Presidio. Assume there was no beginning inventory. Presidio, Inc. Full Absorption Income Statement Sales $ 1,190,000 Cost of Goods Sold Gross Margin Less: Non-Manufacturing Expenses Net Operating Income Req 2A Req 2B Req 3 Complete a variable costing income statement for Presidio. Assume there was no beginning inventory. Presidio, Inc. Variable Costing Income Statement Sales Contribution Margin Less: Fixed Costs Net Operating Incom
Req 2A: Full Absorption Costing Income Statement for Presidio, Inc. Refer the table below for the full absorption costing income statement for Presidio. Presidio, Inc. Full Absorption Income Statement Sales $1,190,000 Cost of Goods Sold Direct Material per unit 55.00 Direct Labor per unit 85.00 Variable manufacturing overhead per unit 35.00 Fixed manufacturing overhead per unit 118.40.
Full absorption costing net operating income = $218,350 Variable costing net operating income = $521,140
Difference = $521,140 - $218,350 = $302,790
Variable Selling Expense per unit sold 13.00 Total Cost of Goods Sold 869,900
Gross Margin 320,100 Less:
Non-Manufacturing Expenses Variable Selling Expenses 22,750 Fixed General and Administrative Expenses 79,000 Net Operating Income $218,350
Req 2B: Variable Costing Income Statement for Presidio, Inc.Refer to the table below for the variable costing income statement for Presidio. Presidio, Inc. Variable Costing Income Statement Sales $1,190,000 Less: Variable Expenses Direct Material per unit 55.00 Direct Labor per unit 85.00 Variable manufacturing overhead per unit 35.00 Variable Selling Expense per unit sold 13.00 Total Variable Expenses 257,500 Contribution Margin 932,500 Less: Fixed Expenses Fixed Manufacturing Overhead per unit 118.40 Fixed General and Administrative Expenses 79,000 Total Fixed Expenses 411,360 Net Operating Income $521,140
Req 3: Difference in profit between Full Absorption Costing and Variable Costing Compute the difference in profit between full absorption costing and variable costing by comparing the net operating incomes of the two income statements. Full absorption costing income statement considers all the manufacturing costs, including fixed overhead, in the cost of goods sold. Whereas the variable costing income statement considers only variable costs in the cost of goods sold and fixed costs as period costs. It is important to note that the major difference in profit between full absorption costing and variable costing comes from the treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead.
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a variable cost.
5) The Shirt product line for the ABC Company located in Toronto, Ontario has
the following financial information:
Sales
Variable costs
Fixed costs
1,000 shirts at $50
$375.000
$150.000
If this division is dropped, 40% of the fixed costs will be eliminated.
Calculate the incremental effect on the company's total net income if the Shirt
product line is dropped? What would you suggest to ABC Company in regards to
the Shirt product line.
The incremental effect on the company's total net income if the Shirt product line is dropped and what should be suggested to the ABC Company in regards to the Shirt product line are as follows:
Answer:It can be computed as follows:Sales $50,000Variable costs $37,500Contribution margin $12,500Fixed costs $150,000Profit $0Therefore, if the Shirt product line is dropped, the company's total net income will reduce by $12,500.If the company drops the Shirt product line, the total net income would be reduced. It is because of the fact that the company makes a profit from the line.
Despite that, the company should consider all of the variables that led to its decision to drop the line in the first place. However, I believe that if the company can resolve the issues that led to the decision to drop the line, they should do so. If not, they can switch to a different product line to improve their total net income.
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What is the per-person spending per day by the "incremental"
visitors for everything but lodging? (Use your result from Question
5.) What is the per-person spending for lodging per night
stayed?
The per-person spending for lodging per night stayed is $250.
The "per-person spending per day by the 'incremental' visitors for everything but lodging" refers to the average amount of money spent by each additional visitor each day on items other than lodging expenses.
To calculate this, we need to use the result from Question 5.
The per-person spending per day by the "incremental" visitors for everything but lodging can be calculated by dividing the total spending by the total number of visitors, excluding lodging expenses.
To calculate the per-person spending for lodging per night stayed, we divide the total spending on lodging by the total number of nights stayed.
Let's say the result from Question 5 shows that the total spending by the "incremental" visitors for everything but lodging is $100,000 and the total number of "incremental" visitors is 500.
To calculate the per-person spending per day by the "incremental" visitors for everything but lodging:
Per-person spending per day = Total spending / Total number of visitors excluding lodging expenses
Per-person spending per day = $100,000 / 500 = $200
So, the per-person spending per day by the "incremental" visitors for everything but lodging is $200.
Now, let's assume that the total spending on lodging is $50,000 and the total number of nights stayed is 200.
To calculate the per-person spending for lodging per night stayed:
Per-person spending for lodging per night stayed = Total spending on lodging / Total number of nights stayed
Per-person spending for lodging per night stayed = $50,000 / 200 = $250
Therefore, the per-person spending for lodging per night stayed is $250.
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What happens when you post a purchase invoice? What linked accounts are affected and how are they afficted? Question Completion Status: QUESTION 2 What happens when you post a purchase invoice? What linked accounts are affected and how are they affected? For the toolbar, press ALT +F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac).
The accounts are linked to the Purchase Invoice transaction, and they are affected when a purchase invoice is posted.
When you post a purchase invoice, several linked accounts are affected, and they are affected in the following ways:
Accounts Payable is affected when you post a purchase invoice. The amount of the purchase invoice is credited to Accounts Payable. The balance in Accounts Payable will be increased as a result of the credit.The Purchase Account is affected when you post a purchase invoice. The Purchase Account is debited with the cost of the product or service in the invoice.
The GST Input Tax Account is affected when you post a purchase invoice. The amount of GST (Goods and Services Tax) charged on the purchase invoice is credited to the GST Input Tax Account.Bank Account is affected when the invoice is paid by bank transfer. The Bank Account will be credited when a bank transfer is used to pay the invoice. The balance in the Bank Account will be reduced as a result of the credit.
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Members do not generally feel a need to be "protected" from their union; on the contrary, it is_________they worry about.
management
mediators
lack of membership
business agents
While members do not typically feel a need to be protected from their union, they may have concerns about management's decision-making power and the potential lack of responsiveness to their needs.
Members do not generally feel a need to be "protected" from their union; on the contrary, it is management they worry about.
Management refers to the individuals or group of individuals who hold positions of authority within an organization. In the context of a union, management typically represents the employer or company.
Members may be concerned about management because they are the ones who make decisions that can impact their working conditions, wages, benefits, and overall job security. For example, management may have the power to implement layoffs, reduce benefits, or change work schedules without consulting the union or considering the needs of the workers. This lack of control and influence over management decisions can be worrisome for union members.
Additionally, members may worry about management's potential resistance to negotiating fair contracts or addressing workers' concerns. In such cases, unions often employ mediators, who act as impartial third parties to help facilitate negotiations and reach mutually acceptable agreements. Mediators can help bridge the gap between the union and management, ensuring that the needs and interests of the members are adequately represented.
In summary, while members do not typically feel a need to be protected from their union, they may have concerns about management's decision-making power and the potential lack of responsiveness to their needs. Mediators can play a crucial role in resolving conflicts and achieving fair outcomes for all parties involved.
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What is the present value of a 3-year annuity of $320?
a) $789.32
b) $795.79
c) $741.33
The present value of a 3-year annuity of $320 can be calculated using the formula for the present value of an annuity. The formula is given as:
PV = P * (1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r
Where:
PV = Present value
P = Payment per period
r = Interest rate per period
n = Number of periods
In this case, the payment per period (P) is $320, and the annuity lasts for 3 years. However, the question does not provide the interest rate per period (r). Without this information, we cannot calculate the present value.
Therefore, the given question is incomplete and we cannot determine the correct answer without the interest rate per period.
The question is incomplete and lacks the necessary information to calculate the present value of the annuity. Please provide the interest rate per period so that we can accurately calculate the present value.
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Real property taxes $5,000
Interest on home mortgage 6,000
Operating expenses of home 1,250
Melanie's residence cost $419,500 (excluding land) and has living space of 2,000 square feet, of which 28% (560 square feet) is devoted to business. The office was placed in service in February 2020, and under the Regular Method, Melanie had an unused office in the home deduction of $975 for 2020. Assume there is sufficient net income from her consulting practice.
Melanie is allowed to take the home office deduction for the home office portion of the residence. When a portion of a residence is used exclusively and regularly for business purposes, that portion is known as the home office.
The residence costs 419,500, and the home office takes up 28% of the living space. The living space of the house is 2,000 square feet, so 560 square feet are dedicated to business activities.
Melanie can only claim the amount of expenses incurred that are directly related to the business, including rent, utilities, maintenance, repairs, and depreciation. The remaining expenses, including interest and taxes, are not subject to the home office deduction. Therefore, Melanie can claim a home office deduction of $975, which is subject to her business income.
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When you set the project NPV equal to zero in calculating a bid price you are: Going to earn zero net income on the project. Appropriately including opportunity costs in your analysis. Certain to be the low bidder since, if any firm does bid lower, they will be bidding based on a negative NPV project. Finding the price at which you expect to create zero wealth for your shareholders. Assured of earning your firm's highest possible IRR.
When you set the project NPV (Net Present Value) equal to zero in calculating a bid price, you are finding the price at which you expect to create zero wealth for your shareholders.
NPV is a financial metric used to evaluate the profitability of an investment by comparing the present value of expected cash flows to the initial investment cost. A positive NPV indicates that the project is expected to generate wealth for shareholders, while a negative NPV suggests the project may result in a loss.
Setting the project NPV to zero when determining a bid price means that the expected cash flows from the project are exactly equal to the initial investment cost. At this bid price, the project is expected to neither create nor erode wealth for shareholders.
It's important to note that setting the NPV to zero does not guarantee being the low bidder or earning the highest possible internal rate of return (IRR). Other factors, such as competition, market conditions, and strategic considerations, may also impact bidding decisions.
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