The alcohol in "gasohol" burns according to the following equation.
C2H5OH + O2 → CO2 + H2O
a. If 25 mol of C2H5OH burns this way, how many moles of oxygen are
needed?
b. If 23 mol of carbon dioxide is produced by this reaction, how many moles
of oxygen are consumed?
c. If 55 g of C2H5OH is burned with excess oxygen gas, how much carbon
dioxide is created?

Answers

Answer 1

A. Th number of mole of oxygen needed is 75 moles

B. The number of mole of oxygen consumed is 34.5 moles

C. The mass (in grams) of carbon dioxide created is 105.22 g

A. How do i determine the mole of oxygen needed?

The number of mole of oxygen needed to burn 25 moles of C₂H₅OH cab be obtain as follow:

C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of C₂H₅OH needed 3 moles of O₂

Therefore,

25 moles of C₂H₅OH will neede = 25 × 3 = 75 moles of O₂

Thus, the number of mole of oxygen,O₂ needed is 75 moles

B. How do i determine the mole of oxygen consumed?

The number of mole of oxygen consumed when 23 moles of carbon dioxide are produced can be obtain as follow:

C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles of CO₂ were obtained from 3 moles of O₂

Therefore,

23 moles of CO₂ will be obtain from = (23 × 3) / 2 = 34.5 moles of O₂

Thus, the number of mole of oxygen, O₂ consumed is 34.5 moles

C. How do i determine the mass of carbon dioxide created?

The mass of carbon dioxide, CO₂ created can be obtain as follow:

C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O

Molar mass of C₂H₅OH = 46 g/molMass of C₂H₅OH from the balanced equation = 1 × 46 = 46 g Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/molMass of CO₂ from the balanced equation = 2 × 44 = 88 g

From the balanced equation above,

46 g of C₂H₅OH reacted to create 88 g of CO₂

Therefore,

55 g of C₂H₅OH will react to create = (55 × 88) / 46 = 105.22 g of CO₂

Thus, the mass of CO₂ created is 105.22 g

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Related Questions

What are some convincing reasons for researcher's to choose your biome ( P.S. this is for a project) pls reply as soon as you can

Answers

Choosing a biome for a research project can provide a wealth of opportunities to better understand the natural world and contribute to important conservation and management efforts.

Why is biome important in research?

There are several convincing reasons for researchers to choose a particular biome for their project, some of which include:

Biodiversity: Biomes are characterized by their unique plant and animal species, which can provide a diverse range of research opportunities, including studying their adaptations, behaviors, and interactions.

Climate Change: Biomes are also influenced by climate change, making them an important area of research to better understand how these ecosystems are being affected by changes in temperature and precipitation patterns.

Human Impacts: Human activities, such as deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization, can have a significant impact on biomes. Studying these impacts can help researchers better understand how to mitigate and manage these effects.

Biogeochemical Cycles: Biomes are also important for studying biogeochemical cycles, such as the carbon and nitrogen cycles, which are essential for sustaining life on Earth.

Conservation: Finally, studying biomes can also contribute to conservation efforts, helping to preserve these unique ecosystems and the species that inhabit them.

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What mass of glucose must be metabolized in order to produce 223 g of water? C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Answers

371.4 g of glucose must be metabolized to produce 223 g of water.

What is the chemical equation for the complete combustion of glucose?

The balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of glucose is:

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

According to the equation, for every 1 mole of glucose consumed, 6 moles of water are produced.

The molar mass of glucose is:

6(12.01 g/mol) + 12(1.01 g/mol) + 6(16.00 g/mol) = 180.18 g/mol

To calculate the mass of glucose required to produce 223 g of water, we need to first convert the mass of water to moles:

223 g / 18.015 g/mol = 12.38 mol H₂O

Now we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the moles of glucose required:

1 mol glucose / 6 mol H₂O = x mol glucose / 12.38 mol H₂O

x = 2.06 mol glucose

Finally, we can calculate the mass of glucose:

mass = moles × molar mass

mass = 2.06 mol × 180.18 g/mol = 371.4 g

Therefore, 371.4 g of glucose must be metabolized to produce 223 g of water.

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15.0 L of an ideal gas at 298.0 K and 3.36 bar are heated to 350.0 K with a new pressure of 2.90 bar. What is the new volume in litres?

Answers

The new volume of 15.0 L of an ideal gas at 298.0 K and 3.36 bar are heated to 350.0 K with a new pressure of 2.90 bar is 10.44 L.

Define ideal gas.

The phrase "ideal gas" describes a conceptual gas composed of molecules that obey the following principles: There is no attraction or repulsion between the molecules of an ideal gas. The only interactions between the molecules of an ideal gas are elastic collisions on impact, or kinetic collisions with the walls of the container.

Given,

Initial pressure (P₁) = 3.36 bar

Initial volume (V₁) = 15.0L

Initial temperature (T₁) = 298K

Final Pressure (P₂) = 5.00 atmospheres

Final Volume (V₂) = ?

Final temperature (T₂) = 350K

Convert P₁ to atm

Use a conversion factor of 1 atm = 1.01325 bar.

3.36 bar x (1 atm / 1.01325 bar) = 3.32 atm

To Calculate V₂

Apply coalescing gas method.

P 1 ×V 1 /T 1 . = P 2  ×V 2 /T 2 .

V2 = P1 V1 T2/T1 P2

= 3,32 bar × 15,0 L × 350 K/298 K × 4,40 bar

V₂ = 10,44 l

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Which of the following are found in our solar system? Select all that apply.
a- planets
b- Sun
c-nebula
d-asteroids

Answers

The objects found in our solar system include:

a- planetsb- Sund- asteroids

What are found in the solar system ?

Planets and asteroids are common features of our solar system, with eight planets orbiting around the Sun, along with numerous asteroids, comets, and other objects.

The Sun is the center of the solar system and contains more than 99% of the mass of the entire solar system. Nebulae are clouds of gas and dust that are found in space, but they are not exclusive to our solar system.

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Polar water molecules can surround ions, reducing the likelihood of them interacting with other ions. What property of water does this phenomenon cause?​

Answers

The property of water that causes polar water molecules to surround ions, reducing the likelihood of them interacting with other ions, is known as its solvation or hydration ability.

This solvation property is a result of water's high polarity, which arises from its asymmetrical molecular structure and the presence of polar covalent bonds. Water molecules have a partially positive (+) and partially negative (-) end due to the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen atoms. This polarity enables water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and with polar solutes, such as ions. When ions dissolve in water, the partially positive hydrogen atoms of water molecules are attracted to the negatively charged ions, and the partially negative oxygen atoms of water molecules are attracted to the positively charged ions.

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Use values of the relevant standard Gibbs energies of formation from the Table 2C.6 and 2C.7 in thermodynamic data to calculate the standard Gibbs energies of reaction at 298 K of (i) 2CH3CHO(g) + O2 (g) → 2CH3COOH(l) (ii) 2AgCl(s) + Br2 (l) → 2AgBr(s) + Cl2 (g) (iii) Hg(l) + Cl2 (g) → HgCl2 (s)

Answers

At 298 K, the typical reactions Gibbs energy of

[tex]i).\ 2CH_3CHo(g)+O_2(g)- > 2CH_3COOH(i)\\\\ii).\ 2AgCi(s)+Br_2(i)- > 2AgBr(s)+Cl_2(g)\\\\iii).\ Hg(i)+Cl_2- > HgCl_2(s)[/tex]

are -721.2 kJ/mol, 24.2 kJ/mol, and -92.4 kJ/mol, respectively.

What is value?

Value is a physical quantity used to indicate the size of a physical system's property in physics. Physical quantities including length, mass, energy, force, velocity, pressure, power, and time are all measured and compared using values. Intensity of a physical quantity, such as temperature, an electric field, or a magnetic field, can also be described by its value. Value is a key cornerstone of physics and is used to calculate a physical system's numerous attributes as well as the interactions between other physical systems.

Using the standard Gibbs energies of formation from Tables 2C.6 and 2C.7 in the thermodynamic data, the following formula is used to compute the

standard Gibbs energy of reaction for the combustion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid at 298 K:

ΔG°rxn = [tex]2[G^of(CH_3COOH)+G^of(O_2)]-[2G^of(CH_3CHO)+G^of(O_2)][/tex]

ΔG°rxn = 2(-382.7) - [2(-170.7) + 0] = -721.2 kJ/mol

Using the values of the standard Gibbs energies of formation from Tables 2C.6 and 2C.7 in the thermodynamic data, the following formula is used

to compute the standard Gibbs energy of reaction for the formation of silver bromide and chlorine gas from silver chloride and bromine at 298 K:

ΔG°rxn = [tex][2G^of(AgBr)+G^of(Cl_2)]-[2G^of(AgCl)+G^of(Br_2)][/tex]

ΔG°rxn = [2(-111.1) + 0] - [2(-127.2) + 0] = 24.2 kJ/mol

Using the values of the standard Gibbs energies of formation from Tables 2C.6 and 2C.7 in the thermodynamic data, the following formula is used

to compute the standard Gibbs energy of reaction for the creation of mercury chloride from mercury and chlorine gas at 298 K:

ΔG°rxn = [tex]G^of (HgCl_2) - [G^of (Hg) + G^of (Cl_2)][/tex][tex]2CH_3CHO(g)+O_2(g)- > 2CH_3COOH(I)[/tex]

ΔG°rxn = -92.4 - [0 + 0] = -92.4 kJ/mol

At 298 K, the typical reactions Gibbs energy of

[tex]i).\ 2CH_3CHo(g)+O_2(g)- > 2CH_3COOH(i)\\\\ii).\ 2AgCi(s)+Br_2(i)- > 2AgBr(s)+Cl_2(g)\\\\iii).\ Hg(i)+Cl_2- > HgCl_2(s)[/tex]

are -721.2 kJ/mol, 24.2 kJ/mol, and -92.4 kJ/mol, respectively.

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What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 31.9% potassium, 28.9% chlorine, and 39.2% oxygen?

Can you do the equation also so I know how.

Answers

KClO[tex]_3[/tex] is the empirical formula for a compound that is 31.9% potassium, 28.9% chlorine, and 39.2% oxygen.

The definition of an empirical formula for a compound is one that displays the ratio of the components present in the complex but not the precise number of atoms in the molecule. Subscripts are used adjacent to the component symbols to indicate the ratios.

The subscripts in the empirical formula, which represent the ratio of the elements, are the smallest whole integers, making it referred to as the simplest formula.

moles  = % composition/molar  mass

moles  of potassium  =  31.9 / 39 = 0.818  moles

moles of  chlorine    = 28.9/35.5 = 0.814 moles

moles of   oxygen  =  39.2/  16 =  2.45  moles

potassium = 0.818/0.814  =1  

chlorine  =  0.814/0.814 = 1

oxygen =  2.45 /0.814 =3

empirical  formula = KClO[tex]_3[/tex]

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Consider the reaction: CO (g) + 2 H2 (g) ⇌ CH3OH (g) where the Kp is 2.26 x 10^4 at 25°C. Calculate ΔGrxn for the reaction at 25°C under standard conditions.

Answers

The standard Gibbs free energy change of the reaction at 25°C is -18,262 J/mol.

What is energy?

Energy is the ability to do work. It exists in many forms, such as kinetic energy (energy of motion), potential energy (stored energy), thermal energy (heat), chemical energy (energy stored in the bonds of molecules), electrical energy (energy carried by electrons), and nuclear energy (energy produced in the nucleus of an atom).

The reaction given is a reversible reaction and the given Kp value is at 25°C. Therefore, we can use the equation ΔG°rxn = -RT ln Kp to calculate the standard Gibbs free energy change of the reaction.
We know that R = 8.314 J/mol K and T = 298 K (25°C)
Therefore, ΔG°rxn = - 8.314 J/mol K x 298 K x ln (2.26 x 10⁴)
ΔG°rxn = -18,262 J/mol
Therefore, the standard Gibbs free energy change of the reaction at 25°C is -18,262 J/mol.

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The esterification reaction is a name reaction in organic chemistry, where it is called ____________ esterification. In addition, when the reverse reaction is promoted by using a base, it is called a ____________ reaction.

Answers

Answer:

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Explanation:

The esterification reaction is a name reaction in organic chemistry, where it is called Fischer esterification. In addition, when the reverse reaction is promoted by using a base, it is called a saponification reaction.

Answer:

The esterification reaction is a name reaction in organic chemistry, where it is called Fischer esterification. In addition, when the reverse reaction is promoted by using a base, it is called a hydrolysis reaction.

Explanation:

The Fischer esterification is a type of organic reaction that involves the conversion of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol into an ester and water, catalyzed by an acid catalyst. This reaction is named after its discoverer, Emil Fischer, a German chemist who first described the reaction in 1895.

The general equation for Fischer esterification is:

Carboxylic acid + Alcohol → Ester + Water

For example, the reaction between acetic acid and ethanol to form ethyl acetate (a commonly used solvent and flavoring agent) can be represented as follows:

CH3COOH + C2H5OH → CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

The Fischer esterification is an important reaction in organic chemistry because esters are important compounds in a variety of applications, including the food industry (as flavorings and fragrances), the pharmaceutical industry (as intermediates in the synthesis of drugs), and the polymer industry (as monomers).

When the reverse reaction of Fischer esterification is promoted by using a base, it is called a hydrolysis reaction. Hydrolysis is the process of breaking down a compound by adding water. In the case of esters, hydrolysis occurs when the ester bond is broken by the addition of water, yielding a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.

The general equation for hydrolysis of an ester is:

Ester + Water → Carboxylic acid + Alcohol

For example, the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate can be represented as follows:

CH3COOC2H5 + H2O → CH3COOH + C2H5OH

Hydrolysis of esters is an important reaction in organic chemistry because it is a common route for the degradation of esters in nature, as well as in many industrial processes where it is used for the production of carboxylic acids and alcohols.

If all the coefficients in the already balanced equation are multiplied by 2, will the equation still remain balanced and will the multiplication affect the equilibrium constant? If you answer yes to any part of the question, please explain in detail.

Answers

Yes, If all the coefficients in a balanced chemical equation are multiplied by a common factor, such as 2 in this case, the equation will still be balanced.

This is because the law of conservation of mass still applies, and the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side must be equal to the number of atoms of that element on the product side.

What is law of conservation ?

However, multiplying the coefficients by a factor will affect the equilibrium constant of the reaction. The equilibrium constant is a measure of the ratio of products to reactants at equilibrium, and it is affected by the stoichiometry of the reaction. When the coefficients of the balanced equation are multiplied by a factor, the equilibrium constant is raised to the power of that factor.

For example, consider the following balanced chemical equation:

2A + B → 3C

The equilibrium constant for this reaction is given by:

Kc = [C]³ / ([A]²[B])

If we multiply all the coefficients by 2, the new balanced equation is:

4A + 2B → 6C

The equilibrium constant for this reaction is now:

Kc' =[tex][C]^{6}[/tex] / ([tex][A]^{4} [B]^{2}[/tex])

We can see that Kc' is raised to the power of 2, which means that it is much larger than Kc. This indicates that the equilibrium position of the reaction has shifted towards the products, as predicted by Le Chatelier's principle.

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How many liters at STP of Na›SiO; can react with 0.8000 grams of HF?

Answers

The volume of Na2SiO3 that can react with 0.8000 grams of HF at STP is approximately 0.9663 liters.

How many lñiters can react?

To calculate the volume of Na2SiO3 (sodium silicate) that can react with 0.8000 grams of HF (hydrofluoric acid) at standard temperature and pressure (STP), we need to use stoichiometry and the ideal gas law.

Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Na2SiO3 and HF:

Na2SiO3 + 6HF → Na2SiF6 + 3H2O

Determine the molar mass of HF:

The molar mass of HF is:

H (hydrogen) = 1.008 g/mol

F (fluorine) = 18.998 g/mol

So, the molar mass of HF = 1.008 + 18.998 = 20.006 g/mol

Convert the given mass of HF to moles:

Mass of HF = 0.8000 g

Molar mass of HF = 20.006 g/mol

Moles of HF = Mass of HF / Molar mass of HF

Moles of HF = 0.8000 g / 20.006 g/mol

Moles of HF = 0.03999 mol (rounded to five decimal places)

Use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the molar ratio between Na2SiO3 and HF:

From the balanced equation, we can see that 6 moles of HF react with 1 mole of Na2SiO3.

Use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of Na2SiO3 at STP:

The ideal gas law is given by:

PV = nRT

where:

P = Pressure (at STP, P = 1 atm)

V = Volume

n = Number of moles of gas (in this case, moles of Na2SiO3)

R = Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L atm / mol K)

T = Temperature (at STP, T = 273.15 K)

Rearrange the formula to solve for volume (V):

V = nRT / P

Plugging in the values:

n = 0.03999 mol (from step 3)

R = 0.0821 L atm / mol K

T = 273.15 K (at STP)

P = 1 atm (at STP)

V = 0.03999 mol * 0.0821 L atm / mol K * 273.15 K / 1 atm

V = 0.9663 L (rounded to four decimal places)

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Which of the following relationships between
the pressure P, the volume-V and the
e temperature T, represents an ideal gas
behaviour?
A.paVT
B.p TaT/V
C. pTaVet
D.pval/T
E. paV/T

Answers

Out of the options given, the expression that represents the ideal gas behavior is:

E. P × V / T

What is ideal gas equation?

The ideal gas law is expressed by the formula PV = nRT,

where

P is the pressure,

V is the volume,

n is the number of moles of gas,

R is the gas constant, and

T is the temperature.

By rearranging this equation, we can derive different expressions for the ideal gas behavior in terms of the pressure, volume, and temperature.

This can be obtained by rearranging the ideal gas law equation as follows:

PV = nRT

Dividing both sides by nT, we get:

P × V / (nT) = R

Since R is a constant for a given gas, the left-hand side of the equation must also be constant for an ideal gas. Thus, the expression P × V / T represents the ideal gas behavior.

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What is the general rule regarding solubility?

A. like charges repel

B. like dissolves like

C. water dissolves everything

D. acids dissolve bases

Answers

Answer: B

Explanation:

Like dissolves like

How many calories are in 7501 J ? (1 cal = 4.184 J)

Answers

There are different forms of energy on earth. The sun is considered as the elemental form of energy on earth. It is a quantitative property which can be transferred from an object to do work. The amount of calories in 7501 J is 1792.7 calories.

The ability to perform work is defined as the energy. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. The SI unit of energy is Joule.

Here joule is a derived unit equal to the energy expended in applying a force of 1N through a distance of 1m.

1 cal = 4.184 J

7501 J = 1792.7 calories

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What conditions must a cat have to be considered a cat

Answers

Among tiny carnivorous mammals, the cat (Felis catus) is a domestic species. The domestic cat, sometimes known as a house cat, is the only domesticated species in the Felidae family.

Characteristic of catTo distinguish it from the other wild members of the same genus, it is sometimes called a domestic cat or a house cat. Cats are frequently maintained as household pets, but they can also be farm animals or feral animals, which roam freely and avoid human contact.People cherish domestic cats for their companionship and their capacity to destroy rats. Numerous cat registries acknowledge about 60 different cat breeds.The structure of the cat is comparable to that of other felid species: it has a powerful, flexible body, rapid reflexes, keen teeth, and retractable claws designed for killing tiny prey like mice.

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2K + Se → K2Se oxidation numbers

Answers

Atoms can assume positive, negative or zero values of oxidation numbers depending on their state of combination. Oxidation numbers can also be a fraction in some cases. 'F' has -1 oxidation in all its compounds.

The oxidation number of an element can be defined as the charge which an atom of the element has or appears to have when present in the combined state in a compound. Oxidation number is actually the charge assigned to an atom according to certain rules.

The oxidation number of an element in the free or elementary state is always zero. The oxidation number of an element in monoatomic ion is equal to the charge on the ion.

Here 'K'and 'Se' have 0 oxidation state, In K₂Se, 'K' has +1 oxidation state and 'Se' has -2 oxidation state.

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The addition of 113.0 g potassium fluoride to 605.0 mL of water (d = 1.00 g/mL) causes the temperature to rise 3.21 °C. What is the ΔHrxn for KF? (Assume cs = 4.18 J/g oC.)

Answers

According to specific heat capacity, the the ΔH rxn for KF is 1516.21 J.

Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree Celsius. It has units of calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius.

It varies with temperature and is different for each state of matter. Water in the liquid form has the highest specific heat capacity among all common substances .

It is given by the formula ,

Q=mcΔT or ΔH= -mcΔT= -113×4.18×3.21=1516.21 J.

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1. Explain what causes each isolation- Reproductive isolation and geographical isolation (give examples)

2. Define Evidence of Evolution (FAME)

3.What method is used to determine if speciation has occurred

4. Reasons why species would become extinct after environmental changes

Answers

The species cannot get together due to the fact that they are living in different environments or in different geographic areas. When they live in different environments, they acquire different characteristics and undergo natural selection.

The term Geographic isolation indicates the population of animals, plants or other organisms which are separated from exchanging genetic material with other organisms of the same species. It is the result of an accident.

Reproductive isolation refers to the condition where different species may live in the same area, but properties of individuals prevent them from interbreeding and produce a fertile offspring.

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12. 5.6g of solid copper was heated with 476.2 J at room temperature (25°C). Given that
copper has a C of 0.38 J/g°C, what would its final temperature be?

Answers

Answer:

The final temperature of the copper would be 311.3°C.

I hope this helps you

3. If the mass transfer current density in a certain 2 electron-involving reduction reaction on
a Pt electrode surface in a static/stagnant aqueous electrolyte is 10 mA/cm², what is the
diffusion coefficient of the reactant when the concentration of the reactant is 0.5 M. Assume
the reactant concentration remains the same in areas more than 0.1mm away from the
electrode.

Answers

When the reactant concentration is 0.5 M, the reactant's diffusion coefficient is roughly 1.03 x 10-5 cm2/s.

Diffusion coefficient For a 2-electron reduction reaction, the mass transfer current density (i_m) can be written as: i_m = (nFAcD)/ where n is the number of electrons involved in the reaction (2 in this case), F is the Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol), A is the surface area of the electrode, c is the bulk concentration of the reactant, D is the diffusion coefficient of the reactant, and is the thickness of the diffusion layer.We can suppose that the bulk concentration of the reactant is substantially greater than 0.1 mm, the diffusion layer thickness is much smaller than this, and the reactant concentration is constant beyond this distance.Reactant concentration at the electrode surface is the same as reactant itself.We can determine D by rearranging the equation.D = (i_m δ)/(nFAc)Inputting the values provided yields:D is calculated as (10 mA/cm2 * 0.0001 cm) / (2 * 96,485 C/mol * 0.5 mol/cm3 * 1 cm2)D = 1.03 x 10^-5 cm²/s

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uh i need help with these questions please help if you can

Answers

On radioactivity:

Uranium.polonium and radium.X-rays.Linus Pauling.Exposure to radiation caused cancer, genetic mutations, and radiation sickness.nuclear chain reaction.In 1896.X-rays are used by doctors and dentists today for medical imaging and diagnosis.Marie Curie died of aplastic anemia.nuclear fission and protactinium.

What is a radioactive element?

A radioactive element has an unstable atomic nucleus that releases radiation like alpha, beta, and gamma rays. This is known as radioactive decay, and it involves the conversion of an unstable element into a more stable one.

Energy is released in the form of radiation during the decay process, which may be harmful to living creatures if exposed to high amounts of it.

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lithium carbonate is used in medicines,
lithium carbonate contains lithium ions and carbonate ions.
a student tested the tablet for lithium and carbon ions.

the student used:

- a metal wire
- dilute hydrochloric acid
- limewater

plan an investigation to show the Prescence of lithium ions and of carbonate ions in the tablet.
you should include the results of the tests for the ions.

PLS HELP

Answers

Answer:

To investigate the presence of lithium ions and carbonate ions in the tablet, the following steps can be taken:

Materials needed:

Lithium carbonate tablet

Metal wire

Dilute hydrochloric acid

Limewater

Bunsen burner

Test tubes

Procedure:

Take a small piece of the lithium carbonate tablet and place it on a metal wire.

Hold the wire over a Bunsen burner flame until the sample turns red.

Allow the sample to cool and place it in a test tube.

Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the test tube and observe any gas that is produced.

Pass the gas produced through limewater in a separate test tube and observe if there is any change in the color of the limewater.

Results:

If a red flame is observed in step 2, it indicates the presence of lithium ions in the sample.

If gas is produced in step 4, it indicates the presence of carbonate ions in the sample.

If the limewater turns cloudy or milky in step 5, it indicates the presence of carbonate ions in the sample.

Therefore, the student can conclude that the lithium carbonate tablet contains lithium ions and carbonate ions.

An airplane flies due east from an airport.

How could the airplane provide evidence that the shape of Earth is a sphere?

Select the words from the drop-down menus to complete the explanation.

By continuing to fly east, and with enough fuel, the airplane will eventually reach the

. The longest eastward journey would occur from an airport

. Very short journeys would occur

Answers

The fact that an airplane flying due east from an airport will eventually return to its starting point indicates that the Earth is a sphere due to the curvature of the Earth's surface.

How can an airplane flying due east provide evidence for the shape of the Earth?

By continuing to fly east, and with enough fuel, the airplane will eventually reach the same airport it started from. The longest eastward journey would occur from an airport located at one of the Earth's poles. Very short journeys would occur near the equator.

The fact that the airplane returns to its starting point indicates that the Earth is a sphere, as it would not be possible on a flat plane. This phenomenon is due to the curvature of the Earth's surface, which causes the plane's trajectory to follow a circular path along the Earth's surface.

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What is kc for the following equilibrium when the equilibrium concentration of each substance is: [S*O_{2}] 1-0.60M,[O] 082M and [S*O_{3}] = 1.9M * 2S*O_{2}(g) + O_{2}(g) = 2S*O_{3}(g)​

Answers

The kc for the given equilibrium is 12.23. When the observable parameters, such as color, temperature, pressure, concentration, etc. do not vary, the process is said to be in equilibrium.

Equilibrium concentration: what is it?

A chemical reaction is considered to be in a state of chemical equilibrium when both the reactants and the products are in a concentration that does not change over time any more. The forward reaction rate and the backward reaction rate are equal in this state.

The equilibrium constant is K, what is it?

The relationship between a reaction's products and reactants with regard to a certain unit is expressed by the equilibrium constant, K.

The equilibrium constant expression is:

Kc = ([SO3]^2 / [SO2]^2 [O2])

Substitute the given equilibrium concentrations,

Kc = ((1.9 M)^2) / ((0.6 M)^2 * (0.82 M))

Now, Simplifying:

Kc ≈ 12.23

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What is the mass of propane reacting to produce 3.43 grams of water?

Answers

Answer:

2.09 grams

Explanation:

From this equation, for every 4 moles of water produced, we need 1 mole of propane.

The molar mass of water is 18.015 g/mol, and the molar mass of propane is 44.1 g/mol.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of water produced:

moles of water = mass of water / molar mass of water

moles of water = 3.43 g / 18.015 g/mol

moles of water = 0.1906 mol

From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 4 moles of water are produced for every 1 mole of propane. Therefore, the number of moles of propane required to produce 0.1906 mol of water is:

moles of propane = 0.1906 mol / 4

moles of propane = 0.04765 mol

Finally, we can calculate the mass of propane required:

mass of propane = moles of propane x molar mass of propane

mass of propane = 0.04765 mol x 44.1 g/mol

mass of propane = 2.10 g

Therefore, the mass of propane reacting to produce 3.43 grams of water is 2.10 grams.

Given the following data, determine the rate law for the reaction

N2(g) + 2O2(g) ⇄ 2 NO2(g)

Experiment

[N2] (M)

[O2] (M)

Rate (M/s)

1

0.0100

0.0400

1.6 x 10–4

2

0.0200

0.0400

3.2 x 10–4

3

0.0200

0.0800

12.8 x 10–4

Determine the order of the reaction for each reactant, N2, O2
Determine the value (only the number no decimals) of the rate constant (write the units) .

Answers

Order of the reaction with respect to N2 =  1

Order of the reaction with respect to H2 =  2

The value of rate constant,  k  =  133 and the unit of rate constant = M-2.sec-1

What is order of reaction?

The sequence of a chemical reaction points to the scaling or potency with which the effluence of a reactant is enhanced in the rate law mathematical statement for the reaction.

The order of the reaction on a precise reactant is identified experimentally by varying the effluence of that reactant and paying heed to how the speed of the reaction alters.

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2-73 A thin 30-cm x 30-cm flat plate is pulled at 3 m/s hori- zontally through a 3.6-mm-thick oil layer sandwiched between two plates, one stationary and the other moving at a constant velocity of 0.3 m/s, as shown in Fig. P2-73. The dynamic vis- cosity of the oil is 0.027 Pa-s. Assuming the velocity in each oil layer to vary linearly, (a) plot the velocity profile and find the location where the oil velocity is zero and (b) determine the force that needs to be applied on the plate to maintain this motion. h₁ = 1 mm h₂ = 2.6 mm Fixed wall V = 3 m/s V₁ = 0.3 m/s W Moving wall​

Answers

The location of zero oil velocity is 12 mm from the moving wall. The force required to maintain this motion on the plate is 4.37 N.

How to calculate location and motion?

Given:

Width of the plate (w) = 30 cm = 0.3 m

Thickness of the oil layer (h) = 3.6 mm = 0.0036 m

Dynamic viscosity of the oil (μ) = 0.027 Pa-s

Velocity of the fixed wall (V) = 3 m/s

Velocity of the moving wall (V1) = 0.3 m/s

(a) To find the velocity profile, we can use the Navier-Stokes equation for laminar flow in the x-direction:

ρu(dv/dx) = -dp/dx + μ(d²v/dy²)

where:

ρ = density of the oil

u = velocity in the x-direction (i.e., the direction of motion)

v = velocity in the y-direction (i.e., perpendicular to the direction of motion)

p = pressure

Assuming steady-state flow and neglecting the pressure gradient (dp/dx), the above equation simplifies to:

ρu(dv/dx) = μ(d²v/dy²)

Since the velocity varies linearly in each layer of the oil:

v(y) = ay + b

where:

a = velocity gradient (i.e., the slope of the velocity profile)

b = velocity intercept (i.e., the y-intercept of the velocity profile)

Using the no-slip boundary condition at the walls:

v(0) = 0 (at the moving wall)

v(h) = 0 (at the fixed wall)

Substituting these boundary conditions and the velocity profile equation into the Navier-Stokes equation:

a = -V1/h

b = V

Therefore, the velocity profile is given by:

v(y) = -V1 × y/h + V

To find the location where the oil velocity is zero (i.e., the point where the plate experiences the maximum resistance), we can set v(y) = 0 and solve for y:

0 = -V1y/h + V

y = Vh/V1

Substituting the given values:

y = 0.012 m = 12 mm

Therefore, the location where the oil velocity is zero is 12 mm from the moving wall.

(b) To find the force required to maintain this motion, we can use the following equation for the drag force on a flat plate:

F = 0.5 × ρ × u² × Cd × A

where:

Cd = drag coefficient

A = area of the plate

Assuming a drag coefficient of 1.0 (appropriate for laminar flow over a flat plate), the area of the plate is:

A = w × h = 0.3 × 0.0036 = 0.00108 m²

Substituting the given values and using the velocity of the plate relative to the oil (i.e., u = V - V1):

F = 0.5 × ρ × (V - V1)² × Cd × A

Using the density of the oil (ρ = 1000 kg/m³):

F = 0.5 x 1000 x (3 - 0.3)² x 1.0 x 0.00108

F = 4.37 N

Therefore, the force that needs to be applied on the plate to maintain this motion is 4.37 N.

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a gas has a volume of 2.8 L at a temp of 27 degrees C. What temperature ( C) is needed to expand the volume to 15 L? (the P and n are constant)

Answers

The concept Charles's law is used here to determine the new temperature. The absolute scale of temperature is also developed by the scientist Charles. The new temperature is

According to Charles's law, At constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of gas is directly proportional to the temperature on Kelvin scale. Mathematically the law can be expressed as V = constant × temperature.

Here Charles's law for 2 gases is:

V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂

T₂ = V₂T₁ / V₁

15 × 27 / 2.8 = 144 .6 C

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Calculate the pH of a solution containing 0.0362 M malic acid and 0.022 M potassium hydrogen malate. The Ka values for malic acid are 3.48×10−4( Ka1) and 8.00×10−6 (Ka2).

Answers

The Ph of a solution containing 0.0362 M malic acid and 0.022 M potassium hydrogen malate is 3.35

putting the values

pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])

pH = 3.46 + log([A-]/[HA])

pH = 3.46 + log(0.022/0.0362)

pH = 3.46 - 0.114

pH = 3.35

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What is the cobalt(II) ion concentration in a solution prepared by mixing 437 mL of 0.418 M cobalt(II) nitrate with 445 mL of 0.220 M sodium hydroxide? The sp of cobalt(II) hydroxide is 5.92×10−15

Answers

The concentration of cobalt(II) ions in the final solution is 0.2069 M and the concentration of hydroxide ions is 3.25x[tex]10^{-8}[/tex] M.

What is Solution?

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, where one substance (solute) is dissolved in another substance (solvent). The solute can be a solid, liquid or gas and is present in smaller amounts, while the solvent is present in larger amounts.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between cobalt(II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide is:

Co(NO3)2 + 2NaOH → Co(OH)2 + 2NaNO3

From the equation, we can see that the ratio of cobalt(II) nitrate to cobalt(II) hydroxide is 1:1. Therefore, the concentration of cobalt(II) ions in the final solution will be equal to the concentration of cobalt(II) nitrate before mixing.

Before mixing, the amount of cobalt(II) nitrate present in the solution is:

0.418 mol/L x 0.437 L = 0.182566 mol

The volume of the final solution is the sum of the volumes of the two solutions:

V = 0.437 L + 0.445 L = 0.882 L

The amount of cobalt(II) ions present in the final solution is therefore:

n = 0.182566 mol

The concentration of cobalt(II) ions in the final solution is:

[Co2+] = n/V = 0.182566 mol/0.882 L = 0.2069 M

Now we can calculate the Ksp of cobalt(II) hydroxide using the concentration of cobalt(II) ions and the given solubility product constant:

Ksp = [tex][Co2+][OH-]^{2}[/tex] =[tex](0.2069 M)(x)^{2}[/tex]

where x is the concentration of hydroxide ions, which we can assume to be equal to the concentration of sodium hydroxide since sodium ions and nitrate ions are spectator ions and do not participate in the reaction.

Solving for x, we get:

x = sqrt(Ksp/[Co2+]) = sqrt(5.92x10^-15/0.2069) = 3.25x[tex]10^{-8}[/tex] M

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