Lithium carbonate should be administered orally if the primary healthcare provider observes that a patient exhibits a period of mania followed by hypomania and depression.
Mania caused by bipolar disorder is treated with lithium (manic-depressive illness). Additionally, it is regularly used to lessen both the frequency and intensity of manic episodes. An increase in noradrenaline hormones and a decrease in adrenaline are two alterations that are typical when lithium is provided to a person with bipolar disorder. a drop in nor-adrenaline hormones and an increase in adrenaline. a decline in GABA neurotransmitters and an increase in dopamine and glutamate. The oral dosage forms of lithium include tablets, capsules, extended-release (long-acting) tablets, and solutions (liquids). It is typical to take the tablets, capsules, and solution three to four times per day. Typically, two to three times per day are used to take the extended-release tablets. Lithium should be taken every day at roughly the same time.
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a nurse is completing an abdominal assessment on a client suspected to have appendicitis. when the nurse applies and then releases pressure in the client's right lower quadrant, the client experiences tenderness. the nurse is documenting the presence of:
The nurse is jotting down any rebound discomfort that she notices.
Which side effect could a client with malabsorption syndrome experience?Complications. Depending on how serious the underlying illness is, malabsorption-related consequences can arise. Malnutrition, weight loss, and even failure to flourish are all consequences of malabsorption in many people. In addition, a person may suffer from poor immune function, sluggish energy levels, and reduced wound healing.
Which medication should a client who is constipated receive from the nurse?Docusate is a popular over-the-counter stool softener that is commonly used in medical settings. Docusate stimulates the flow of water and lipids into the stool, softening it and promoting regular bowel motions.
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fill in the blank. carlos has always functioned well but shows symptoms of schizophrenia for one to six months without the restricted affect. his prognosis is good, but he will most likely be diagnosed as having __ disorder.
Carlos has always functioned well but shows symptoms of schizophrenia for 1-6 months without the restricted affect. His prognosis is good but he will most likely be diagnosed as having schizophreniform disorder.
What is schizophreniform disorder?
Schizophreniform disorder is one in which the person will present symptoms of schizophrenia for a limited time between 1-6 months. It does not always precede schizophrenia. Among the symptoms we find delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and inappropriate motor behaviors.
This can occur as a consequence of some substance abuse or correlated with a medical condition. There is also a prevalence in people with a family history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
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a client diagnosed with aids develops pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp). when planning the care for the client, which medication would the nurse anticipate being prescribed?
Typically, doctors use TMP/SMX, also known as trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, to treat pneumocystis pneumonia (Bactrim, Cotrim, Septra).
What is pneumocystis pneumonia ?
The fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii is the source of the dangerous infection known as pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). The majority of PCP users have a medical condition like HIV/AIDS or take medications like corticosteroids that make it harder for their bodies to fight infection and disease.
The most typical signs of PCP include chest pain, a rapid onset of fever, coughing, wheezing that frequently gets worse with exertion, a dry cough with little to no mucus, and problems breathing. An IV of antibiotics is frequently used in hospitals to treat severe PCP (intravenously or into a vein).
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an ultrasound confirms appendicitis as the cause of a client's sudden abdominal pain. which etiologic process is implicated in the development of appendicitis?
The appendiceal lumen is hypothesized to become blocked, usually by lymphoid hyperplasia but sporadically by a fecalith, foreign substance, or even worms, leading to appendicitis.
What causes appendicitis primarily?Appendicitis is most likely caused by an infection brought on by an obstruction in the appendix's lining. The germs grow quickly, inflaming, swelling, and filling the appendix with pus. The appendix may rupture if it is not promptly treated.
How often does appendicitis happen?Although appendicitis can strike at any age, it most frequently affects people in their teens and early 20s. The tween or teen years are when appendicitis in children most frequently occurs. But even elementary school-age children get appendicitis.
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incorporating movements like slow controlled arm circles, bodyweight squats and lunges, and slow torso rotations within the movement prep phase of the class are most likely used for what purpose?
Incorporate exercises like bodyweight lunges and squats, slow torso rotations, and slow arm circles to increase static flexibility.
Which metabolic system is primarily responsible for producing the energy needed for quick, powerful explosions?A lot of muscle power must be created during brief, intense actions, which places a significant demand on ATP. Regardless of intensity, the phosphagen system is active at the beginning of all types of training since it is the quickest way to resynthesize ATP.
Stronger ligaments and tendons are a benefit of exercise, which benefit?Bone strength is correlated with muscular strength through exercise. As the body is better able to react to falls or additional weight, injuries are less likely when there are strong muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones.
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TRUE/FALSE/ in the american heart association journal hypertension, researchers report that individuals who practice transcendental meditation (tm) lower their blood pres- sure significantly.
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
when a patient is asked to look to the left, her right eye moves to the left, but her left eye does not. which extrinsic eye muscle is not functioning properly?
When a person looks at the left side, only the person's right eye moves towards the left but not the left eye, and this happens when the left lateral rectus does not work properly. As a result of that, the left eye does not move.
What is the role of the eye?The eye of a human is different from the eye of a cow, so the eye pattern and the vision pattern are different in different animals, such that some animals can see 180-degree things that are present in front of them while other animals can't see that wide. The eye has different muscles, such as the lateral rectus, inferior and superior rectus, and so on. Because this person's left eye cannot see lateral things, left lateral rectus can't assist them in seeing them.
Hence, the person's left lateral rectus is not working.
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Explain how a signal is transmitted at a synapse and how the painkillers reduce the pain felt by the person.
Painkillers work by blocking the transmission of pain signals across the synapse. Painkillers work by interfering with the synaptic transmission of pain signals, either by blocking the receptors on the postsynaptic neuron or by blocking the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron.
The transmission of electrical signals across the synapse is a complex process that involves the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron and the binding of these neurotransmitters to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. The neurotransmitters are released in response to the electrical signal and bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing an excitatory or inhibitory response depending on the type of neurotransmitter. This process is known as synaptic transmission.
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which of the following areas reflect the adaptiveness of the brain in older adults? multiple select question. dendritic growth delateralization the capacity to generate new neurons extra dopamine production pruning
The areas that reflect adaptiveness of the brain of an older adult are: dendritic growth, delateralization and capacity to generate new neurons.
What are the adaptations of the brain of an older adult?In the older adult there are different adaptations in the brain since the brain is in constant deconstruction and construction, among these processes is the generation of new neurons, this will not be at the same rate as a young person but it will persist while lead a healthy life like keep exercise and good sleep.
There will also be dendritic growth that is highly correlated with the generation of new neurons, usually in the older adult the dendritic density is greater than in a young adult. This is because of the plasticity that occurs in the aged mature human brain.
Finally, lateralization is the ability of the human brain in which each hemisphere is going to be in charge of different abilities, this allows there to be a cognitive space. As the human ages and acquires more abilities, this is going to be more lateralized.
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the nurse is conducting a health screening clinic and is preparing to test the visual acuity of a client using a snellen chart. the nurse educates the client about the procedure. which statement by the client indicates that the teaching has been effective?
The client indicates that the teaching has been effective "I will stand 20 feet away from the chart and read the letters aloud."
What is teaching?
The terms "teaching" and "teacher" are frequently associated with education and schools in modern usage. One method of answering the question "What is teaching?" is to observe what those who go by the title of "teachers" do, then identify the distinctive traits or behaviours that make them unique. The issue is that a variety of things—some of which may not even have much to do with what we can logically refer to as teaching—are bundled together and in job descriptions or roles. Another option is to consult dictionaries and look up the term's historical as well as common usage definitions.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. per joint commission standards, all inpatient hospital records must be completed within___days after discharge, regardless of the storage media of the record.
Per joint commission standards, all inpatient hospital records must be completed within 30 days after discharge, regardless of the storage media of the record.
What is medical records?
The patient's identification details, medical examination results, and health history are all included in the medical record. A list of the patient's past and present drugs as well as any medical allergies is also included in the medical record.
Medical records are an important document that are primarily used to chronicle a patient's course of treatment. Both the patient and the doctor should be concerned about it.
To have a central database with every patient's full medical history. To act as a useful managerial tool for long-term planning. Supplying information for quality assurance, medical research, and teaching. To comply with legal obligations.
Therefore, Per joint commission standards, all inpatient hospital records must be completed within 30 days after discharge, regardless of the storage media of the record.
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he nurse is caring for a client who is in the third stage of labor. which behaviors by the client does the nurse assess as expected at this stage? select all that apply.
The correct answers regarding nurse assess is :
The client is focused on the neonate's condition.
The client states she has discomfort from uterine contractions.
What happens in the third stage of labor ?The client concentrates on the newborn's condition during the third stage of childbirth.
She may also claim that she is uncomfortable from uterine contractions before the placenta is thrown out.
The initial phase of labor is characterized by excitement and trepidation.
The second stage of labor is frequently marked by exhaustion.
Before giving birth, at the end of the second stage of labor, when the fetus is pressing on the rectum, the urge to urinate is noticed.
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a primigravid client is admitted to the labor and delivery area, where the nurse evaluates her. which assessment finding may indicate the need for cesarean birth?
Patients who want vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) have a trial of labor (TOL) or a TOL after C-section (TOLAC). TOL is a respectable alternative.
What typical cause of a cesarean delivery should the nurse go over?In order of frequency, labor dystocia, aberrant or inconclusive (formerly, nonreassuring) fetal heart rate tracing, fetal malpresentation, multiple gestations, and probable fetal macrosomia are the most frequent reasons for primary cesarean birth.
What are the early indicators of labor?As one advances through the various phases of pregnancy, stress, worry, restlessness, and complicated mood swings become more prevalent.
During labor and delivery, what nursing priorities are there?Nurses should treat all women with respect and be available, encouraging, supportive, and professional.
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a client with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes has just been informed that an amputation of the lower leg is required. the nurse can anticipate that the client will experience a reaction to the loss of which human need according to maslow's hierarchy?
According to Maslow's hierarchy, the client will have a physiological response to the loss from which human need.
What kind of work does a nurse do?Registered nurses (RNs) deliver and oversee patient care, inform the public regarding various health issues, and offer patients' families emotional support and advice. The majority of nurses work together with doctors in a diverse settings.
How long are nurses living?According to research published in a working paper by the Bureau of Economic Research, persons who have access to informal health knowledge—such as have a nurse or physician in the family—are 10% more likely to live past the age of 80.
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what are the health problems that require medical evaluation prior to beginning an exercise program?
Answer:
You have heart disease. You have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. You have kidney disease.
Explanation:
What is the best treatment for a detached retina?.
Answer:
Prompt medical treatment can often save vision in the eye. Draining and replacing the fluid in the eye.SurgeryUr welcome
a client asks if having a hemicolectomy means wearing a pouch and having bowel movements in an abnormal way. which response by the nurse is accurate
Since the client asks if having a hemicolectomy means wearing a pouch and having bowel movements in an abnormal way. The response by the nurse that is accurate is option 4 "No, only part of the colon is removed and the rest reattached."
What is hemicolectomy?A colostomy is not required for hemicolectomy, which is the removal of a portion of the colon with an anastomosis between the ileum and transverse colon. In contrast to a hemicolectomy, which involves resecting a section of the intestine and reconnecting its ends, a colostomy involves opening the intestine on the abdomen.
Hence, A temporary colostomy is defined as "yes, but it will be temporary until the colitis is cured"; a cure is only possible with the removal of the entire colon. Colectomy with colostomy is just one possible intervention that may be utilized to treat a tumor; a colostomy is performed for a variety of reasons other than tumors.
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See options below
1
"Yes, hemicolectomy is the same as a colostomy."
2
"Yes, but it will be temporary until the colitis is cured."
3
"No, that is necessary when a tumor is blocking the rectum."
4
"No, only part of the colon is removed and the rest reattached."
a client with septic arthritis of the knee is admitted to the orthopedic floor. the nurse should consult the case manager if which complication occurs during hospitalization?
The nurse should consult the case manager if Mobility decreases during hospitalization
What is septic arthritis ?Septic arthritis is a painful joint infection that can be caused by microbes that enter your bloodstream from another area of your body. Septic arthritis can also develop when an invasive wound, like an animal bite or trauma, introduces germs into the joint.
Joint pain, swelling, redness, warmth, and fever are a few of the symptoms. To reduce the risk of joint damage, prompt antibiotic treatment is required. A splint, physical therapy, joint drainage, and painkillers for fever and pain are some additional treatments.
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the nurse is caring for a client with renal failure. which factor indicates a compromised immune system?
The factor that indicates a compromised immune system is a deficiency of circulating lymphocytes.
So option A is correct.
What is immune system?The immune system is described as a network of special cells, tissues, proteins, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially damaging foreign invaders.
Renal failure is associated with a deficiency in circulating lymphocytes, which make up a large part of the immune system. Renal failure is not associated with excess lymphocytes, deficient circulating antibodies, or excess hemoglobin.
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The complete question is:
The nurse is caring for a client with renal failure. Which factor indicates a compromised immune system?
A) A deficiency of circulating lymphocytes
B) An excess of circulating lymphocytes
C) A deficiency of circulating antibodies
D) An excess of circulating hemoglobin
the nurse is caring for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome. what portion of arterial blood gas results does the nurse find most concerning, requiring intervention?
The section of arterial blood gas findings that the nurse finds most alarming and necessitates intervention is partial pressure o arterial oxygen (PaO2) of 69 mm Hg.
What level of arterial oxygen is considered normal?75 to 100 millimeters of mercury would be considered normal arterial oxygen (mm Hg). Values lower than 60 mm Hg typically signal the requirement for more oxygen. 95 to 100 percent is the typical range for normal pulse oximetry results. Low values are defined as those below 90%.
How can you assess arterial oxygen levels?Oxygen saturation can be determined with a pulse oximeter. It is a covert gadget that is put over a person's finger. To calculate the proportion of oxygenated to deoxygenated hemoglobin at the moment, light wavelengths are measured. In medicine, the use of pulse oximetry has evolved into the norm.
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a postpartum patient has just delivered twins after a prolonged labor. which complication should the nurse watch for closely in the next 24 hours?
A postpartum patient who just gave birth to twins after a protracted labor should be thoroughly monitored for uterine atony complications over the course of the following 24 hours.
How long after giving birth is you considered postpartum?Most experts agree that the postpartum period starts when the baby is born. The end is less well defined, however it is frequently thought to occur six to eight weeks following delivery because by then the effects of pregnancy on many systems have mostly gone back to their pre-pregnancy states.
what are Following a woman's delivery, what happens?The majority of new mothers have postnatal "baby blues" after giving birth, which commonly include mood swings, sobbing outbursts, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping. The first two to three days after delivery are when baby blues often appear, and they can last for up to two weeks.
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according to the new england journal of medicine, increased physical activity reduces the risk of death from coronary heart disease to the same degree as .
In addition to recommending higher levels of long-term leisure-time vigorous and moderate physical exercise to maximize the effect of mortality reduction, these findings corroborate the current physical activity guidelines.
What relationship exists between the level of exercise and the risk of dying?Mortality risk was lower at physical activity levels above the recommendations, at least until 5000 MET min/week, for both all-cause mortality (HR=0.86, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.94) and CVD mortality (HR=0.73, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.95), compared to the recommended level of physical activity (750 MET min/week).
What can lower the mortality rate?The frequent defeat of cardiovascular disease in the elderly and the prevention of death brought on by low blood pressure have both been linked to mortality reductions since 1960.
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following the analysis of colonoscopy with biopsy, a client is diagnosed with colorectal cancer. which treatment modality will be the mainstay of this client's treatment regimen?
Surgery, Surgical removal is the only accepted treatment for colon and rectum cancer.
What are the three different categories of surgery?Surgery comes in many forms, and it can be divided into categories based on how urgent the operation is. National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD) utilized the labels emergency, urgent, scheduled, and elective to categorize the different forms of surgery.
Which kind of surgery is major?procedure involving the head, chest, or abdomen is an example of major surgery. A brain tumor removal, the removal of a diseased kidney, or open-heart surgery are a few examples of major surgery. Long-term hospitalization is required for the patient.
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the ancient greeks believed that the balance of four humors was what caused sickness or health in a person. explain what they thought was wrong with (a) a melancholic person and (b) one with too much phlegm.
It was once believed that depressed people had too much melancholy, which is described as "black bile" released from the spleen.
Phlegmatic individuals were deemed to have an excessive amount of phlegm,
People who were high in phlegm lacked enthusiasm and were indifferent, dull, and sluggish. Phlegmatic personalities were treated by avoiding foods like cucumber, lettuce, and fish that were considered insipid or flavourless in favour of choleric foods like capers, olives, garlic, onions, parsley, and other salty and bitter foods. Black bile was thought to indicate a sad disposition. It was said to be connected to the fall and to be created in the brain. People who were considered melancholic were supposed to be overly depressed and grumpy, which may have been a description of what is today known as depression. Lemons and vinegar were among the sour foods that were thought to bring on melancholy. People who were melancholic were advised to stay away from these items and consume sanguine foods instead, such as lamb, butter, sugar, basil, and other sweet things. Another method of treating melancholy was purging, which typically required taking laxatives.
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a client is chronically short of breath and yet has normal lung ventilation, clear lungs, and an arterial oxygen saturation sao2 of 96% or better. the client most likely has
The client most likely has a possible hematologic problem.
What is hematologic problem ?Hematologic disorders affect the blood and affect the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, white blood cells, platelets, and lymph nodes. There are many disorders that children can develop, some are inherited, while others are acquired.
Hematologic diseases, in addition to blood cell cancers, include anemia, HIV-related conditions, sickle cell disease, rare genetic disorders, complications from chemotherapy, and transfusion-related illnesses.
The complete blood count, or CBC, is among the most popular haematology tests. Anemia, clotting issues, blood cancers, immune system disorders, and infections can all be found during this test, which is frequently performed as part of a routine examination.
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an older adult client is found crying because of throbbing pain in both wrists. which intervention will the nurse use to help comfort this client?
Cold pack, the inflammation in the wrist joints may be reduced by using a cold pack.
Inflammation and discomfort are symptoms of arthritis in the wrist joint. Your wrist, which links your hand and forearm, is made up of numerous tiny bones. You can bend, straighten, and rotate your hand with the aid of the wrist joint. Your wrist's arthritic joint swells and becomes painfully inflamed. Your wrists are used constantly during the day. They are more vulnerable to arthritis and other issues as a result. Roughly 1 in 7 Americans suffer from wrist arthritis. Joint inflammation can occur in many wrist locations. The following wrist arthritis types are identified by healthcare practitioners according to their location: Distal radioulnar: In the forearm, arthritis develops where the radius bone joins the ulna bone. The eight tiny carpal bones in the middle of the wrist become arthritic.
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methylphenidate hydrochloride has been prescribed for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. the nurse should make which statements to the child's parents? select all that apply.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride has been prescribed for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder therefore the nurse should tell the child's parents to monitor your child's weight twice a week.
Who is a Nurse?This is referred to as a healthcare professional who specializes in taking care of the sick and ensuring that adequate recovery is achieved in other to prevent various forms of complication.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride may cause weight loss due to its appetite-suppressant effects and shouldn't be taken before sleep as it causes insomnia in most users.
This is therefore the reason why it is best to monitor the child's weight twice a week so as to prevent him/her from being underweight by providing more nutrients needed for the body's optimal functioning.
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he nursing instructor is reviewing the plan of care with a nursing student who is caring for a client with an altered immune system, and the role of interferons is discussed. which statement by the nursing student indicates a need for further teaching?
The nursing student's assertion that they work well against a wide range of microorganisms suggests that more instruction is required.
If immunological malfunction in the neurosensory system is detected, which assessment should be finished?If immunological malfunction in the neurosensory system is detected, which assessment should be finished? When immune system malfunction in the neurosensory system is suspected, ataxia should be examined.
Which sort of immunity responds to an infection by a particular microbe by becoming active?When the immune system produces antibodies against a disease after being exposed to the disease organism, this is known as active immunity. Active immunity can be developed by vaccination or naturally occurring processes.
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the nurse is admitting a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder whose compulsion is washing hands. what should the nurse explain to the client?
The nurse is admitting a client with obsessive-compulsive disorder whose compulsion is washing hands. The nurse should explain about exposure therapy to the patient and take the assessment to witness any kind of medical history.
What is the most common site of bacteria ?The most common site of bacteria to reside is the hands and 70% of the bacteria lives on hands.
Exposure therapy is technique used by doctors to help people overcome fears and anxieties by taking the breaks in the pattern of fear and avoidance.
It works by exposing you to a stimulus that causes fear in a safe environment. For example, a person with social anxiety may avoid going to crowded areas or parties.
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flush the injection port with 10 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. b. administer the intermittent iv bolus medication through the injection port. c. clamp the intravenous tubing proximal to the injection port. d. stop the continuous iv infusion.
An IV piggyback delivers medication to the body through a small bag which can later be removed without changing the main IV. Thus, option C is correct.
What is IV infusion?The process of delivering medicines in the body through vein is referred as Intravenous (IV) infusion. It is a special way of injecting the medicines directly into the blood stream.
There are different ports through which the IV can be administered. It can be given by inserting a catheter in a vein, in the muscle or under the subcutaneous layer.
Thus, IV infusion delivers medication at a faster rate in the body.An IV piggyback delivers medication to the body through a small bag which can later be removed without changing the main IV. Thus, option C is correct.
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