The movement of ions and molecules across biological membranes is a process known as membrane transport.
What is membrane transport?It is a crucial function for the survival of living organisms as it allows them to maintain their internal environment, exchange nutrients and waste products with their surroundings, and transmit signals.
There are two main types of membrane transport:
passive transport: Passive transport occurs when molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without the input of energy. This includes processes like diffusion and facilitated diffusion. Active transport: This requires the input of energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient. This includes processes like pumps and exchangers.Membrane transport is a complex process that involves various proteins and channels, and it plays a vital role in many biological processes, such as cellular respiration, nerve impulses, and muscle contraction.
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Select all of the following that are products in the overall equation for aerobic respiration. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) CO2 (carbon dioxide)
The products in the overall equation for aerobic respiration is ATP and Carbon dioxide. Therefore, the correct option is A and B.
What is aerobic respiration?Aerobic respiration is the respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen. It is usually a catabolic process which involves an electron transport system.
In this process, the ingested nutrients i.e., glucose is converted to the carbon dioxide and water with the release of energy in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP).
The overall reaction is: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
Therefore, the correct option is A and B.
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The question is incomplete, but most probably the complete question is,
Select all the following that are products in the overall equation for aerobic respiration.
a. ATP
b. CO₂
c. O₂
d. Ammonia
During osmosis, water moves across a selectively permeable membrane toward a solution with:
A. The lowest solute concentration B. Less water molecules C. More water molecules D. All of the above
Answer:
B
Explanation:
l hope yo understand the answer
_____ refers to the conversion of glucose to glycogen.
Glycogenesis refers to the conversion of glucose to glycogen. This is an important process for energy storage in the body, particularly in the liver and muscle tissue.
When blood glucose levels are high, insulin is released by the pancreas, which signals the liver and muscle cells to take up glucose and convert it to glycogen through the process of glycogenesis. This helps to regulate blood glucose levels by removing excess glucose from the bloodstream and storing it for later use when energy demands are high, such as during exercise or fasting. Conversely, when blood glucose levels are low, the process of glycogenolysis occurs, which is the breakdown of glycogen back into glucose to be used as an energy source.
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Write a procedure that will demonstrate the role of yeast in fermentation using the following materials: distilled water, bakers yeast, dextrose/glucose/sucrose, plastic water bottle, beaker, hot plate, graduated cylinder, balloons, and funnel.
Answer:
Here is a procedure that demonstrates the role of yeast in fermentation using the materials listed:
Materials:
- Distilled water
- Bakers yeast
- Dextrose/glucose/sucrose (one of these sugars)
- Plastic water bottle
- Beaker
- Hot plate
- Graduated cylinder
- Balloons
- Funnel
Procedure:
1. Start by measuring out 100 mL of distilled water using the graduated cylinder and pouring it into the plastic water bottle.
2. Add 1 gram of baker's yeast to the water in the bottle and stir gently to mix.
3. Next, add 5 grams of dextrose, glucose, or sucrose to the bottle using the funnel.
4. Gently swirl the bottle to mix the yeast and sugar with the water.
5. Place the balloon over the mouth of the bottle, making sure it is securely attached.
6. Set the bottle aside in a warm, dark place for at least 30 minutes to allow fermentation to occur.
7. While waiting for the fermentation to occur, fill the beaker with water and place it on the hot plate to heat.
8. Once the water in the beaker has reached a boil, turn off the hot plate.
9. Carefully remove the balloon from the mouth of the bottle and use the graduated cylinder to measure the volume of gas that has been produced in the bottle. Record this value.
10. Carefully pour the hot water from the beaker into the plastic water bottle and swirl to mix.
11. Quickly replace the balloon over the mouth of the bottle.
12. Observe the balloon and record any changes in size or shape that occur over the next few minutes.
13. Dispose of the contents of the bottle in a proper manner.
Explanation:
In this procedure, the role of yeast in fermentation is demonstrated by combining yeast, sugar, and water in a bottle and observing the production of gas (carbon dioxide) as a result of the fermentation process. The balloon placed over the mouth of the bottle allows the gas to collect and be measured. Heating the bottle after the fermentation process speeds up the chemical reaction and causes an increase in gas production, which is observed by the expansion of the balloon.
Population Density Problems
Figure out the population density for each problem. Make sure you use the right
units in your answer.
1.
Two years ago there were 48 students in Mrs. Bolvin's and Mr. Martin's
classrooms. What is the population density of one classroom? Give your
answer in students/classroom?
Answer:
The population density of one classroom two years ago is 48 students per classroom.
what is big bear hight?
The height of the Big Bear Mountain is 1719 meter.
In Snohomish County, Washington, Big Bear Mountain, a 5,641-foot summit, is situated on the western flank of the North Cascades. Between Liberty Mountain to its south and Three Fingers to its north, it is situated in the middle. The Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest manages the territory where Big Bear Mountain is located in the Boulder River Wilderness.
Western North America's marine west coast climate zone is home to Big Bear Mountain.
The majority of weather fronts move northeastward toward the Cascade Mountains from their Pacific Ocean of origin. As fronts approach the North Cascades, the Cascade Range's peaks push them upward, causing them to release their moisture as rain or snowfall onto the Cascades.
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the location where reactants bind to an enzyme during a biochemical reaction is called
Enzymes bind both reactant molecules (called the substrate), tightly and specifically, at a site on the enzyme molecule called the active site.
Enzymes bind substrates at active sites, which are critical points in their structure. They are often very selective, binding only specific substrates for specific reactions. Most metabolic reactions would take substantially longer and would not be rapid enough to maintain life if enzymes were not present.
The enzyme identifies the shape of its substrate and can keep it in place at what is known as the active site. The active site of an enzyme is the portion of the enzyme that binds to the substrate and performs the reaction. Enzyme specificity means that the enzyme exclusively binds molecules with the correct shape.
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where is dense irregular connective tissue found in the body?
What is the meaning of natural selection in biology?
Natural selection is a process by which the individuals which possess a desirable trait are favored over the ones who don't.
Natural selection is basically an evolutionary process by which the populations of living organisms are able to adapt as well as change themselves. This was given by the naturalist Charles Darwin.
Individuals which are present in a particular population are basically naturally variable, this means that all these individuals are different in some type of ways. This kind of variation basically means that the individuals which have certain traits or characteristics that are better suited to the environment are favored over the individuals who don't.
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What is stratified columnar epithelium?
Stratified columnar epithelium: This form of epithelium is uncommon and can be found in the mucous membrane (conjunctiva) lining your eyelids, where it serves as both a protective and mucus-secreting layer.
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium: This form of epithelium lines the upper respiratory tract and has many cilia. Stratified columnar epithelium, like the cuboidal subtype, is uncommon.
It is found in the conjunctiva, inside the eyes, and at tissue transition sites. It is primarily in charge of defence and mucous production. Cuboidal epithelium that has been divided. Stratified cuboidal epithelia is a rare form of epithelial tissue made up of cuboidally shaped cells that are arranged in layers. They safeguard perspiration gland ducts, mammary glands, and salivary glands.
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what do scientists most often use to form the basis for biological classification?
Answer:
in my beliefs all man does not prefect in this case
Explanation:
yes scientific basis for biological classification
How are ATP and ADP related? What are their functions?
The ATP molecule splits off one of its three phosphates when a cell has to expend energy to complete a task, resulting in the formation of ADP (Adenosine di-phosphate) + phosphate.
That phosphate molecule's energy is no longer bound to it and can now be used by the cell to perform tasks. Energy is released and ATP is changed into adenosine diphosphate when one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond during a procedure known as hydrolysis (ADP).
As with the removal of a phosphate from ADP to create adenosine monophosphate, energy is likewise released (AMP). Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is a chemical that transfers and supplies energy to cells. The primary energy molecule that cells need to power their processes is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The phosphate bonds between them contain energy.
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True/False? the mucosa in the respiratory system is also known as the membrane.
The mucosa in the respiratory system is also known as the membrane is true.
What is respiratory system?
Your body's network of tissues and organs, or respiratory system, aids in breathing. This system aids with your body's ability to take in oxygen from the air so that your organs can function. Moreover, it purifies your blood of waste gases like carbon dioxide. Allergies, illnesses, or infections are typical issues.
What is mucosa ?
The soft, inner lining of certain bodily cavities and organs (such as the nose, mouth, lungs, and stomach). Mucus is produced by mucosal glands (a thick, slippery fluid). also known as the mucous membrane.
Therefore, mucosa in the respiratory system is also known as the membrane is true.
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The postero-superior surface of the heart is called the ___. base
The postero-superior surface of the heart is the back side of the heart that is closest to the spine.
It is divided into three sections: the left atrium, the right atrium, and the interatrial septum. The base of the heart refers to the area where these three sections meet, and is an important landmark for surgeons and other medical professionals. The base of the heart is where the coronary arteries, the major veins that supply the heart with blood, enter the organ. It is also the area that is closest to the pericardium, the sac-like structure that surrounds the heart and helps protect it.
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Meerkats are highly social small carnivores that live in southern Africa. They rely on each other to raise their young. Use the following assumptions to model the number of
adult meerkats, M, in a population. You can invent parameters as necessary. - The per capita rate at which meerkats give birth to babies who survive to adulthood is a steep sigmoid function of the adult population, with higher reproductive success
at higher populations.
- Meerkats die of natural causes at a constant per capita rate d. - Meerkats are preyed upon by eagles and jackals. These predators have many other
prey, so their population does not depend on the meerkat population. - The rate at which jackals prey on meerkats is a nonsigmoid saturating function of the
meerkat population. - The rate at which eagles prey on meerkats is a sigmoid function of the meerkat
population. The sigmoid is not very steep.
We can solve this model using numerical methods to predict the population dynamics of adult meerkats over time, given the initial population size and parameter values.
To model the number of adult meerkats, M, in a population based on the given assumptions, we can use the logistic growth model with density-dependent birth and death rates:
dM/dt = r(M)M - dM - p(M)M
where r(M) is the per capita birth rate of meerkats as a function of the adult population, d is theta per capita death rate of meerkats, and p(M) is the per capita predation rate on meerkats as a function of the adult population.
Assuming that the birth rate increases as a steep sigmoid function of the adult population, we can use the logistic function:
[tex]r(M) = r_{max} / (1 + e^{(-a(M - M_{50}))})[/tex]
where r_max is the maximum per capita birth rate, a is the steepness of the sigmoid, and M_50 is the population size at which the birth rate is half of the maximum.
Assuming that the death rate is a constant per capita rate, we can simply use:
d = d_const
Assuming that the predation rate by jackals is a nonsigmoid saturating function of the meerkat population, we can use a simple saturating function:
p_jackals(M) = p_max_jackals * M / (M + K_jackals)
where p_max_jackals is the maximum per capita predation rate by jackals, and K_jackals is the population size at which the predation rate is half of the maximum.
Assuming that the predation rate by eagles is a sigmoid function of the meerkat population, we can use the logistic function:
[tex]p_{eagles}(M) = p_{max}_{eagles} / (1 + e^{(-b(M - M_{50}_{eagles}))})[/tex]
where p_max_eagles is the maximum per capita predation rate by eagles, b is the steepness of the sigmoid, and M_50_eagles is the population size at which the predation rate is half of the maximum.
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a _______________ is used to show an experimenter what a reaction will look like if the macromolecule being tested is not in the test substance.
A negative control is used to show an experimenter what a reaction will look like if the macromolecule being tested is not in the test substance.
A negative control is a sample that does not contain the molecule being tested but is otherwise identical to the test sample.
The experimenter can determine whether the observed reaction is non-specific or specific to the macromolecule being tested by comparing the findings of the test sample to the negative control.
This is important for ensuring the accuracy and specificity of the experimental results.
A negative control is a fundamental part of numerous experimental conventions and is many times utilized related to the positive control, which contains the macromolecule of interest and is utilized to guarantee that the trial conditions are adequate to get a reaction.
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How does food in the mouth cause a dog to salivate? multiple choice A. by stimulating a reflexive response B. by causing the CS to happen
C. by stimulating the CR D. it doesn’t cause the dog to salivate.
The correct option is A; By stimulating a reflexive response. The salivary glands in a dog's neck and jaw area secrete saliva after eating to aid with digestion. Saliva escaping the mouth causes drooling.
If your dog spots a reward or you're opening a can of dog food, it can happen. Ivan Pavlov proved the existence of classical conditioning by teaching a dog to salivate and anticipate food whenever it heard a bell. In order to trigger an innate response, this procedure pairs a bell ringing, which is initially neutral, with food, which is innate or biological (salivation).
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even though anthropologists use parts of the scientific method, some don’t see what they do as science because
Social behavior's intricacy prohibits.The scientific method is a tool used by biological anthropologists to understand more about their environment.
The scientific method is a collection of methods for learning new information, correcting old knowledge, and adding new information. Fieldwork is the main method used by cultural anthropologists to gather information for their investigations. This technique usually entails staying with a group of individuals for a considerable amount of time while becoming a respected member of their culture. By gathering and analysing evidence, the scientific method aims to objectively explain natural science. It entails the creation of hypotheses and their use to develop logical defences. Scientists adhere to a set of steps while applying the scientific method.
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Why do anthropologists use the scientific method?
Select all of the following that are true with respect to genomes. Check all that apply. A) In eukaryotic cells, the genome is usually divided up into multiple chromosomes. B) In prokaryotic cells, the genome is usually divided up into multiple chromosomes. C) In eukaryotic cells, the genome usually consists of just one circular DNA molecule. D)In prokaryotic cells, the genome usually consists of just one circular DNA molecule
Choose any of the following comments about genomes that are accurate. Mark each box that applies. The genome is typically divided into several chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. within prokaryotic
The human genome is what?
The 23 pairs of chromosomes in cell nuclei plus a smaller DNA molecule present in each mitochondria make up the human genome, which is the full set of nucleotide sequences for humans.
Why is the genome significant and what does it do?
Every genome contains all the data required to create that organism and for its growth and development. Billions of cells (100,000,000,000,000) make up our bodies, and each one contains a complete set of instructions for building us, much like a recipe book for the body. Our genome is a collection of instructions that is composed of DNA.
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during which phase does the nuclear membrane reform around the chromosomes?
a. telophase I and II
b. late prophase I
c. telophase I
d. telophase II
The nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes during telophase I and telophase II of meiosis, the correct option is (a).
During telophase I, the nuclear membrane reforms around the two sets of chromosomes that have been separated by the spindle fibers during anaphase I. This forms two new nuclei, each with a haploid set of chromosomes. During telophase II, the nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes that have been separated by the spindle fibers during anaphase II. This results in four new nuclei, each with a haploid set of chromosomes. Overall, the reformation of the nuclear membrane during telophase marks the end of each meiotic division and is an important step in the process of creating genetically diverse haploid cells.
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Charles Darwin was famous for his work on evolution by natural selection processes. Which of the follow was not one of the animals that he observed? Finches Horses Elephants Cats Tortoises
Charles Darwin observed all of the animals listed except for cats. Darwin famously studied the finches of the Galapagos Islands, where he observed variations in beak shape and size among the different species.
Darwin's theory was based on observations and evidence from his travels on the HMS Beagle, where he studied the flora, fauna, and geology of various regions of the world, including the Galapagos Islands. He also studied the fossils of horses and other extinct animals, which helped him develop his theory of evolution. Additionally, Darwin spent time observing and collecting data on the behavior and physical characteristics of elephants during his travels to Africa and South Asia. Finally, Darwin's famous study of the giant tortoises of the Galapagos Islands helped him understand the mechanisms of evolution by natural selection.
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the space within a vessel through which blood flows is the ______.
The space within a vessel through which blood flows is called the lumen.
The lumen is the hollow, cylindrical space inside a blood vessel that carries blood throughout the body. The size of the lumen can vary depending on the type of blood vessel and the physiological conditions of the body.
Arteries, which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, have thicker walls and smaller lumens than veins. This is because arteries need to withstand the high pressure of blood being pumped from the heart. Veins, which carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart, have thinner walls and larger lumens to facilitate the flow of blood.
The lumen of blood vessels is surrounded by endothelial cells, which make up the inner lining of the vessel wall. The endothelial cells help regulate the flow of blood by constricting or dilating the vessel in response to various physiological stimuli.
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Which of the following is predicted by the punctuated equilibrium model of speciation? (a) Few if any transitional species will be found in the fossil record (b) Evolution proceeds slowly and gradually over time (c) The environment has always changed slowly over time (d) Species adapt gradually to changes throughout time (e) Transitional species should be the most abundant fossils found.
Predicted by the punctuated equilibrium model of speciation (a) Few if any transitional species will be found in the fossil record.
In general , the Punctuated equilibrium is the concept of evolution that occurs in spurts beside following the slow, but steady path as Darwin suggested. Also , the Long periods of harmony and less activity in terms of extinctions or introduction of new species that is interrupted by intermittent bursts in evolution . Punctuated equilibrium also predicts that a lot of evolutionary change can takes place in short periods of time fixed to speciation events.
Hence, Punctuated equilibrium also takes place as genetic variations are passed down faster, which increase the rate of evolution, and speciation. examples includes Tyrannosaurid fossils and Mollusks in the Turkana Basin .
Hence , A is the correct option
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The anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula serves as an attachment site for which muscle?
a. serratus anterior
b. supraspinatus
c. rhomboids
d. latissimus dorsi
The medial edge of the anterior surface of the scapula is where the serratus anterior muscle attaches. The correct muscle choice is option a.
The medial border, superior angle, and inferior angle of the scapula are where the fan-shaped serratus anterior muscle inserts. It begins at the lateral wall of the thorax on the superolateral surfaces of the first to eighth or first to ninth ribs.
Deep beneath the scapula and the pectoral muscles is this chest muscle. This muscle is essential for dynamic movement. The control of the scapula during pushing and upper elevation activities is also aided by this muscle.
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Transcribed image text: Label the homologous chromosomes, non-homologous chromosomes, sister chromatids, and alleles. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Reset Help Dominant allele Sister chromads DEVO A Non homologous chromosomes BB Homologous chromosomes Recessive ailele Part B Identify the stage of meiosis for the cell from part A. O metaphase II O metaphase 1 O prophase 11 O prophase 1 Submit Request Answer Part C What gametes could form from the cell from part A and how frequently should each type be observed? O 1 AB: 1 ab O 1 AB 1 Ab : 1 aB: 1 ab O 1 AB: 2 Ab : 2 aB: 1 ab O 1 AB 2 Ab 1 ab Submit Request Answer
Pairs of chromosomes known as homologous chromosomes share the same genetic makeup, size, and structure. Although specific alleles can vary, they share the same gene and the same physical location.
(KROH-muh-some) a component that cells' nuclei contain. Proteins and DNA are arranged into genes to make chromosomes. There are typically 23 pairs of chromosomes in each cell.
One duplicated chromosome's half is known as a chromatid. Before replication, one DNA molecule constitutes one chromosome. During replication, the DNA molecule is duplicated, and the two molecules are referred to as chromatids.
The highest level of DNA and protein organization is seen in chromosomes. Chromosomes' primary role is to transport DNA and transmit genetic material from one generation to the next.
Heterologous chromosomes differ in size, shape, and genetic makeup since they do not belong to the same pair of chromosomes. They may have unique genes or several copies of the same gene.
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why is it important that meiosis result in daughter cells that have half of the original cell’s chromosomes?
Answer:
Each daughter cell will have half of the original 46 chromosomes, or 23 chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of 2 sister chromatids. The daughter cells now move in to the third and final phase of meiosis: meiosis II. At the end of meiosis I there are two haploid cells.
help me pleaseeeeeee
The average baby is around 500 mm long when born.
The average baby weighs around 3.5 kg when born, which is approximately 7.7 pounds.
What is a baby?The average baby is not half of its full birth length at 20 weeks, as it is only about 16-18 cm long at that point. However, the baby is around half of its total birth mass at 20 weeks. The baby reaches half of its total birth mass around 28 weeks.In the first 20 weeks of development, major physical changes include the formation of the heart, brain, and major organs. Limbs, fingers, and toes begin to form, and the baby's sex is determined. The baby also develops eyelids and can make small movements.From 28 weeks to birth, the major physical changes include continued growth and development of organs and systems, such as the respiratory and digestive systems. The baby gains weight and develops more body fat, which helps regulate body temperature after birth. The baby also begins to open and close its eyes, and its lungs become more mature.From weeks 21 to 24, improvements in survival rates of babies are due to advancements in medical technology, such as the ability to monitor and support the baby's vital functions, as well as the use of steroids to help the baby's lungs mature more quickly.Good early pregnancy care by the mother is stressed by doctors because it can have a significant impact on the baby's development and overall health. The graphs show that early care, such as taking prenatal vitamins, managing chronic health conditions, and avoiding harmful substances, can improve outcomes for both the mother and baby. By emphasizing the importance of early care, doctors hope to prevent complications and ensure the best possible outcome for both the mother and baby.Read more about baby
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The origin of a new plant species by hybridization between species, coupled with nondisjunction during meiosis, is an example of ___.
Select one:
a. allopatric speciation
b. allopolyploidy
c. species fusion
d. autopolyploidy
B
Allopolyploid organisms have more than two sets of chromosomes that are from different species, such as the wheat plant, Triticum aestivum, or the cotton genus Gossypium Wheat is an allohexaploid, meaning it has three different sets of chromosomes from diploid species for a total of six sets of chromosomes.
The angiosperm life cycle undergoes an alternation of generations - one multicellular stage is haploid and another multicellular stage is diploid. Based on your knowledge of the angiosperm life cycle, can you categorize the following structures as haploid, diploid, or something else?endosperm, female gametophyte, sperm cell, flower, sporophyte, male gametophyte, zygote, egg cell
Two cells make up each pollen grain: one reproductive cell that will split into two sperm and the other cell that will develop into the pollen tube. Diagram depicting the life cycle of
The reproductive system is what?
the reproductive system explained A reproductive organs is a grouping of organs and mechanisms that aid in the creation of new, closely related young living beings. Males and females both have a reproductive system, which is a group of organs that generates gametes and sex hormones.
What connection exists between sexual and reproductive processes?
One of the basic functions of the living world is reproduction. The diverse reproductive systems of both human males and females enable sexual reproduction, a more complex and highly evolved process. The gametes (sperm and ova) are formed by the human reproductive system, which also feeds and helps them fuse.
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in a monocot seed such as corn, in what structure is the food for the embryo stored?
A single embryonic leaf or cotyledon, known as a monocot, is used to make one or more seeds.
The most basic characteristics that separate monocots from dicots are the shape of the seed and the quantity of cotyledons that are present in the seed. The majority of seed pods produced by monocot plants are trimerous (having three portions), just as the carpel used for fertilisation. Due to the substantial endosperm that is present, monocot seeds are frequently larger. The endosperm stores a massive amount of nourishment to sustain the embryo.
Monocot seeds are not as symmetrical as dicot seeds because they only have one cotyledon, regardless of the size or shape of the seed.
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