Based on the information provided, none of the options are true. The statement "None of these are true" is the correct answer regarding the cost of living in 2017 based on the given data.
The right response, given the information given, is: None of these are true. The data for the CPI (Consumer Price Index), which measures the average price changes of a basket of goods and services over time, is shown in the table below for the years 2015 through 2019. We require the CPI number particularly for 2017 in order to calculate the cost of living in that year. It is hard to accurately assess the cost of living in 2017 because the table does not include the CPI for that year.
We cannot determine whether the typical consumer had to spend more or less, or if there was a specific change in the price of intermediate products, without the CPI statistics for 2017. Therefore, given the available data, the only conclusive conclusion we can draw is that none of the possibilities are true.
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In auditor usually tests the reasonableness of dividend income from investments in publicly held companies by computing the amounts that should have been received by referring to?
In order to test the reasonableness of dividend income from investments in publicly held companies, an auditor typically refers to the financial statements, specifically the dividend information disclosed by the investee company.
This information can be found in the investee company's annual reports, financial statements, or dividend declarations.
The auditor would compare the dividend income reported by the audited company with the dividend amounts that should have been received based on the investee company's publicly available information.
This includes factors such as the investee company's dividend payout ratio, dividend per share, and the auditor's assessment of the investee company's financial performance.
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Tammy Terrified received a notice from the IRS Center demanding payment in full of $50,000 of additional tax, $10,000 in penalties and $5,000 in statutory interest. The computerized statement sets out in bold letters, "Final Notice - Payment Due Within 10 Days." Tammy Terrified looks in the Yellow Pages and finds that representation in tax matters seems to be touted by a number of different professions. She seeks your hep in deciding which ones she could call for her problem. Terrified tells you that she does owe the tax, penalties, and interest, but that she and her nine children have been abandoned, left penniless and are on welfare.
A web search of local tax practitioners has the following listing:
ACCOUNTANT - noncertified enrolled to practice before the IRS
ACCOUNTANT - Certified Public - licensed to practice in this state
ATTORNEY - licensed to practice in this state - divorce, real estate, tax, personal injury and Workers' Compensation cases accepted
BOOKKEEPING SERVICE - accounting and bookkeeping service, general ledger, profit and loss and financial statements, and tax return preparation
CONSULTATNT - tax and related matters, mergers, acquisitions and business closings - MBA and MS in Taxation, High Standards University
TAXMAN - preparation of Forms 1040EX, 1040A, 1040, 1040X, 1120, 1120S, 940, 941, and other federal tax forms - inexpensive but good - We talk tax!
A) Explain in detail which one(s) Tammy Terrified could call, and explain the powers and authority of each representative
B) Explain in detail the reason for rejecting any individual, including lack of authority
C) If Tammy Terrified asks you to make a single choice, which one would you choose and why?
A certified public accountant (CPA) could provide Tammy with a more detailed understanding of the tax debt and her situation. Specifically, a CPA could go over the tax documents and help to predict the potential liability.
Consequences from any actions Tammy takes in regard to her relief. In addition, a CPA could perform an audit of Tammy's accounts to ensure accuracy and compliance with any tax laws. However, a CPA would not be able to directly negotiate Tammy's tax debt with the IRS or represent her in court.
A tax consultant is not a certified professional or licensed attorney. Since it is not legal to provide any type of tax advice in the United States without a proper license or certification, the tax consultant would most likely be unable to legally represent Tammy in her case. As such, this individual should not be contacted to represent Tammy in any IRS proceedings.
A bookkeeping service and “Taxman” would also not likely have the authority to represent Tammy in her case. Bookkeepers are not certified professionals and typically focus on bookkeeping services and general ledger, profit and loss, and financial statements. Taxman is simply a tax preparation service that does not have the legal authority to represent Tammy in her tax debt case.
Given these options, the best choice for Tammy is to consult a licensed attorney. They would have the necessary legal authority to represent her interests in court, and to negotiate with the IRS on her behalf. An attorney could also advise Tammy on other potential tax relief options and can help her to verify the accuracy of the tax debt.
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A client has a credit card with a limit of 5000 in a balance of 3500 the lender calculate the minimum payments as
A)3% of the limit
b)3% of the balance
C)5% of the balance
D) 5% of the limit
Correct option is b. The lender calculates the minimum payments as 3% of the balance. The minimum payment would be $105.The lender calculates the minimum payments based on a percentage of either the limit or the balance of the credit card.
To find out which option the lender uses, we can compare the given percentages (3% and 5%) to the limit and balance amounts. A) If the lender uses 3% of the limit, the minimum payment would be 3% of $5000, which is $150. This option does not match the given balance of $3500.
B) If the lender uses 3% of the balance, the minimum payment would be 3% of $3500, which is $105. This option matches the given balance.
C) If the lender uses 5% of the balance, the minimum payment would be 5% of $3500, which is $175. This option does not match the given balance.
D) If the lender uses 5% of the limit, the minimum payment would be 5% of $5000, which is $250. This option does not match the given balance.
Therefore, the lender calculates the minimum payments as 3% of the balance, which is option B. The minimum payment would be $105.
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A debt instrument is called ________ if its maturity is less than a year.
Question 6 options:
A)
long-term
B)
intermediate-term
C)
short-term
D)
newly issued
A debt instrument is called "short-term" if its maturity is less than a year.
A debt instrument refers to any financial contract that represents a borrower's obligation to repay borrowed funds. The term "maturity" in the context of debt instruments refers to the length of time until the instrument reaches its due date and the borrower is required to repay the principal amount. When the maturity of a debt instrument is less than a year, it is categorized as "short-term." Short-term debt instruments typically have a maturity of days, weeks, or months, and they are commonly used to meet immediate funding needs or for short-term financing purposes. Examples of short-term debt instruments include Treasury bills, commercial paper, and short-term corporate bonds.
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The organization from which perspective of the supply chain is analyzed and managed.
A. Focal company.
B. Traceability.
C. SME.
D. Responsible business
A. Focal company is the perspective from which the organization is typically analyzed and managed in terms of the supply chain.
The focal company refers to the main entity or organization at the center of the supply chain. It is the company that oversees and coordinates the flow of goods, services, and information within the supply chain network. From this perspective, the focal company takes a holistic view of the entire supply chain, analyzing and managing various aspects such as sourcing, production, distribution, and customer satisfaction.
By focusing on the focal company's perspective, supply chain managers can optimize operations, improve efficiency, and enhance overall supply chain performance. They collaborate with suppliers, partners, and customers to ensure smooth coordination and effective management of the entire supply chain process, from raw material procurement to final product delivery. This approach allows the focal company to drive value, maintain competitive advantage, and achieve supply chain objectives such as cost reduction, quality improvement, and customer satisfaction.
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Question 1
A. An investor wishes to add new stocks to her portfolio. She has information about two
assets, Stock A and Stock B. Stock A has a beta of 1.25 and an expected return of 20%.
Stock B has a beta of 0.9 and expected return of 15%. The risk-free rate is 4.5% and the
market risk premium is 15%.
Which of these stocks, if any, would you advise the investor to purchase? (6 marks)
B. Huron has been told that diversifying his investments will significantly reduce risk. He has
therefore invested in two stocks. His portfolio consists of a $1 500 000 investment in Drugs
Limited and $750 000 invested in shares of Pharmaceuticals Limited.
Economy Probability Returns
Drugs Limited Pharmaceuticals
Limited
Boom 0.4 12% 19%
Normal 0.5 8% 11%
Recession 0.1 2% -4%
i. What is the expected return on Huron’s portfolio?
ii. Advise Huron as to the effectiveness of his diversification strategy.
Expected Return A = 4.5% + 1.25 * 15% = 4.5% + 18.75% = 23.25%
For Stock B:
Expected Return B = 4.5% + 0.9 * 15% = 4.5% + 13.5% = 18%
Comparing the expected returns:
Stock A has an expected return of 23.25%.
Stock B has an expected return of 18%.
Based on the expected returns, I would advise the investor to purchase Stock A as it has a higher expected return.
B. i. To calculate the expected return on Huron's portfolio, we need to calculate the weighted average of the returns of each stock, based on the probabilities:
Expected Return Portfolio = (Probability Boom * Return Drugs Limited) + (Probability Normal * Return Drugs Limited) + (Probability Recession * Return Drugs Limited)
= (0.4 * 12%) + (0.5 * 8%) + (0.1 * 2%)
= 4.8% + 4% + 0.2%
= 8%ii. To evaluate the effectiveness of Huron's diversification strategy, we need to consider the correlation between the returns of the two stocks. Diversification helps reduce risk if the stocks in the portfolio are not perfectly positively correlated.
Since we don't have information about the correlation between Drugs Limited and Pharmaceuticals Limited, we can't assess the effectiveness of Huron's diversification strategy based solely on the given data. Correlation plays a crucial role in determining the overall risk reduction achieved through diversification. If the stocks have a low or negative correlation, diversification can be effective in reducing portfolio risk.
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Describe a specific example where the process selected or the layout used influences the production capacity of the organization.
Example: the way in which tables and chairs are oarranged in a classroom will influence the number of students that the classroom will hold
The process selected and the layout used in production can have a significant impact on the organization's production capacity. It's important for organizations to carefully consider these factors to ensure optimal efficiency and output.
Let's say a manufacturing company is producing electronic devices. They have two options for their production process: a batch production process or a continuous production process. If they choose a batch production process, where products are produced in groups or batches, they may have to pause the production line between each batch to reconfigure the equipment or switch to a different product. This downtime can reduce the overall production capacity of the organization as it takes time to set up and adjust the production line for each batch.
On the other hand, if they choose a continuous production process, where products are produced non-stop, they can achieve higher production capacity. This process allows for a smoother flow of products as there are no interruptions or reconfiguration time required between batches. Similarly, the layout of the production facility can also influence production capacity. For example, if the layout is inefficient and causes bottlenecks or long distances between workstations, it can slow down the production process and reduce overall capacity. However, if the layout is optimized for efficient flow, with workstations arranged in a logical sequence, it can improve productivity and increase production capacity.
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of the two product lines from the information given below. Budgeted material-handling costs are \( \$ 40,000 \) The material-handling cost per wall mirror under activity-based costing is:
To determine the material-handling cost per wall mirror under activity-based costing, we need more information about the two product lines. The budgeted material-handling costs of $40,000 can be allocated based on the activities involved in handling the materials for each product line.
Activity-based costing assigns costs based on the activities that drive the costs. Without knowing the specific activities and their cost drivers for each product line, it is not possible to calculate the material-handling cost per wall mirror accurately.
To determine this cost, we would need data on the number of wall mirrors produced under each product line and the activity rates associated with the material-handling activities. With this information, we could calculate the cost per wall mirror for each product line using activity-based costing principles.
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Part A) A firm has a contract to make 10 specialty lenses for night vision equipment. The first one took 100 hours. Learning is expected at the 90% rate. How long will it take to finish the 10th unit? (round it to the nearest whole number)
Part B) It took 200 hours to make the first unit of a product. After the second and third units were made, the learning curve was estimated to be 75%. At $130 per hour, what is the total labour bill for all four units? (round it to the nearest whole number)
Part C) A firm has a contract to make 10 specialty lenses for night vision equipment. The first one took 120 hours. Learning is expected at the 80% rate. How long will it take to finish all 10 units? (round it to the
Part A) It will take approximately 336 hours to finish the 10th unit.
The learning curve formula is given by Y = a * X^b, where Y represents the time required to produce a given number of units, X represents the cumulative number of units produced, a represents the time required for the first unit, and b represents the learning curve factor. In this case, the learning curve factor is 0.1 (90% learning rate), and the time for the first unit is 100 hours. Using the formula, we can calculate the time for the 10th unit as follows:
Time for 10th unit = 100 * 10^0.1 ≈ 336 hours
Part B) The total labor bill for all four units is approximately $26,000.
The learning curve formula is again used to calculate the time required for each unit. The labor cost for each unit is $130 per hour. For the first unit, it took 200 hours. With a 75% learning curve (0.75 learning rate), we can calculate the time for the second unit as follows:
Time for second unit = 200 * 2^0.75 ≈ 260 hours
Similarly, the time for the third unit is approximately 223 hours. For the fourth unit, there is no learning curve, so it will take 200 hours. Therefore, the total labor hours for all four units is 200 + 260 + 223 + 200 = 883 hours. Multiplying by the labor cost per hour ($130), we get a total labor bill of approximately $26,000.
Part C) It will take approximately 253 hours to finish all 10 units.
Similar to Part A, the learning curve formula is used to calculate the time required for each unit. The learning curve factor is 0.2 (80% learning rate), and the time for the first unit is 120 hours. Using the formula, we can calculate the time for the 10th unit as follows:
Time for 10th unit = 120 * 10^0.2 ≈ 253 hours
Understanding the concept of learning curves is essential in estimating production times and costs. By applying the learning curve formula, we can determine the expected time required for subsequent units based on the learning rate and the time for the first unit. This information helps in planning production schedules and budgeting for labor costs.
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Why is it important for a business to consider "user needs" before building a website? What are some common considerations that are made for users? How can companies determine the user’s wants and needs for platforms?
It is important for a business to consider user needs before building a website because it directly affects user satisfaction and overall business success.
By understanding and addressing user needs, businesses can create a website that is intuitive, user-friendly, and meets the expectations of their target audience.
1. User experience (UX): Businesses need to ensure that their website provides a positive user experience. This includes factors such as easy navigation, clear layout, fast loading times, and responsive design for different devices.
2. Content relevance: Companies should consider what type of content their users are looking for and provide information that is relevant and useful to them. This could involve conducting market research and understanding the needs and preferences of the target audience.
3. Accessibility: It is crucial for businesses to make their website accessible to all users, including those with disabilities. This may involve implementing features like alt text for images, captions for videos, and ensuring compatibility with assistive technologies.
4. Security and privacy: Users need to feel safe when interacting with a website. Companies should prioritize implementing proper security measures to protect user data and ensure privacy.
1. User research: Conduct surveys, interviews, or focus groups to gather insights directly from the target audience. This can help businesses understand their users' preferences, pain points, and expectations.
2. Analytics: Utilize web analytics tools to gather data on user behavior, such as the pages they visit most, time spent on the site, and conversion rates. This information can provide valuable insights into user needs and preferences.
3. Competitor analysis: Analyzing competitors' websites can offer insights into what works well and what can be improved in terms of user experience and features. This can help identify trends and user expectations within the industry.
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Calculating Rates of Return [LO 3] In March 2018, Daniela Motor Financing (DMF), offered some securities for sale to the public. Under the terms of the deal, DMF promised to repay the owner of one of these securities $5,000 in March 2053, but investors would receive nothing until then. Investors paid DMF $820 for each of these securities; so they gave up $820 in March 2018, for the promise of a $5,000 payment 35 years later. a. Assuming you purchased the bond for $820, what rate of return would you earn if you held the bond for 35 years until it matured with a value $5,000? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent, rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. Suppose under the terms of the bond you could redeem the bond in 2028. DMF agreed to pay an annual interest rate of 1.3 percent until that date. How much would the bond be worth at that time? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) c. In 2028, instead of cashing in the bond for its then current value, you decide to hold the bond until it matures in 2053. What annual rate of return will you earn over the last 25 years? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) a. Rate of return % b. Bond value c. Rate of return %
The rate of return over the last 25 years is approximately 0.83%. To calculate the rate of return, we can use the formula:
[tex](Ending Value / Beginning Value)^(1/n) - 1. In this case, the Beginning Value is $820 and the Ending Value is $5,000.[/tex] The time period is 35 years, so n = 35.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get: Rate of Return =[tex]($5,000 / $820)^(1/35) - 1.[/tex]
Calculating this, the rate of return is approximately 3.48%.
To calculate the bond value in 2028, we need to determine the present value of the $5,000 payment in 2028.
We can use the formula: Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)^n.
In this case, the Future Value is $5,000, the Interest Rate is 1.3%, and the time period is 2028 - 2018 = 10 years.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get: Present Value = [tex]$5,000 / (1 + 0.013)^10.[/tex]
Calculating this, the bond would be worth approximately $4,568.63 in 2028.
To calculate the rate of return over the last 25 years, we can use the same formula as in part a.
However, now the Beginning Value is $4,568.63 and the Ending Value is $5,000. The time period is 25 years, so n = 25.
Plugging these values into the formula, we get: Rate of Return =[tex]($5,000 / $4,568.63)^(1/25) - 1.[/tex]
Calculating this, the rate of return over the last 25 years is approximately 0.83%.
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Canine Gourmet Super Breath Dog Treats Are Sold In Boxes Labeled With A Net Weight Of 12 Ounces ( 340 Grams) Per Box. Each
Each box of Canine Gourmet Super Breath Dog Treats has a net weight of 12 ounces (340 grams).
The net weight of 12 ounces (340 grams) per box indicates the total weight of the dog treats in each box. This measurement helps consumers understand the quantity of product they are purchasing. The weight is standardized to ensure consistency across boxes.
To convert ounces to grams, we can use the conversion factor of 1 ounce = 28.35 grams. Therefore, the weight in grams would be:
12 ounces * 28.35 grams/ounce = 340.2 grams (rounded to 340 grams)
This calculation confirms that the net weight of 12 ounces is equivalent to 340 grams, as stated on the label.
The Canine Gourmet Super Breath Dog Treats are packaged in boxes with a consistent net weight of 12 ounces (340 grams). This information is provided to inform customers about the quantity of treats they will receive in each box. By adhering to standard weight measurements, the company ensures that customers can make informed purchase decisions and have a clear understanding of the product's weight.
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How much will you have in 48 months if you invest $104 a month at 3% annual interest? Future Value. How much will you have in 48 months if you invest $104 a month at 3% annual interest? In 48 months, you will have $2. (Round to the nearest cent.) (Use your financial calculator or you may use the Financial Tables in △RpendixC in computing your answer)
If you invest $104 a month at a 3% annual interest rate for 48 months, you will have approximately $4,869.12 in total at the end of the 48-month period.
The future value of an investment, we can use the formula for compound interest: Future Value = Principal x (1 + Interest Rate)^Time In this case, the principal is $104, the interest rate is 3% (or 0.03 as a decimal), and the time is 48 months.
Plugging these values into the formula: Future Value = $104 x (1 + 0.03)^48 Calculating this expression, we find that the future value of the investment after 48 months is approximately $125.12 (rounded to the nearest cent).
Therefore, if you invest $104 a month at a 3% annual interest rate for 48 months, you will have approximately $125.12.
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The Pampanga Corporation manufactures a single product called "Mangyanan" Under normal operating conditions; the company manufactures and sells 90,000 units of this product in a 6 month period. The contribution to fixed costs and profits of each unit of product is P8. The fixed overhead costs for six months amount to P 320,000 . Other companies buying this product are currently encountering labor difficulties and this resulted to a reduction in sales to only 4,000 units per month. A sales volume of only 4,000 units monthly will definitely result to a loss. Therefore, the management of the firm plans to close the plant for six months, anticipating that market will be back to normal after six months. Studies indicated that the 6-month fixed overhead costs of P 320,000 can be cut down to P225,000 if the plant is closed. However, additional costs to protect the facilities and start up costs have been estimated at P31,000. Should the company close the plant for six months or continue its operation?
The Pampanga Corporation is facing a reduction in sales volume due to labor difficulties experienced by other companies. With sales reduced to only 4,000 units per month, the company is projected to incur a loss. the company should also explore alternative strategies to address the labor difficulties and seek opportunities to increase sales in the current market conditions.
To address this situation, the management is considering closing the plant for six months with the expectation that the market will return to normal afterward. It is important to analyze whether the cost savings from closing the plant outweigh the additional costs incurred.By continuing operations, the company would sell 24,000 units (4,000 units per month * 6 months) with a contribution margin of P8 per unit. This would result in a contribution to fixed costs and profits of P192,000 (24,000 units * P8 per unit). However, fixed overhead costs for six months would remain at P320,000.If the company decides to close the plant for six months, fixed overhead costs can be reduced to P225,000. However, additional costs of P31,000 would be incurred to protect the facilities and cover start-up costs when resuming operations.To make an informed decision, the company should compare the net financial impact of both options.If the company continues operations, the net loss would be P128,000 (P320,000 fixed costs - P192,000 contribution margin).If the company closes the plant, the net loss would be P56,000 (P225,000 reduced fixed costs - P192,000 contribution margin + P31,000 additional costs).Based on the analysis, it is more favorable for the company to continue operations rather than closing the plant. By continuing operations, the net loss is lower compared to closing the plant. However, the company should also explore alternative strategies to address the labor difficulties and seek opportunities to increase sales in the current market conditions.
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What are the two things that a new business owner should keep in mind when defining a cutomer base?
When defining a customer base, a new business owner should keep in mind the target market and the unique value proposition they offer to customers.
When defining a customer base, a new business owner should keep in mind the following two things:
1. Target Market: It is essential to identify the specific group of customers that the business aims to serve. This involves understanding the demographics, characteristics, needs, and preferences of the target market. By defining a target market, the business owner can tailor their products, services, marketing efforts, and customer experience to better meet the needs of that particular group.
2. Customer Value Proposition: The business owner should consider the unique value or benefit that their products or services offer to the target market. This involves understanding the competitive landscape, identifying what sets their business apart, and determining how they can deliver value to customers in a way that differentiates them from competitors. Developing a strong customer value proposition helps attract and retain customers by offering something that meets their needs or solves their problems effectively.
By keeping these two aspects in mind, a new business owner can focus their efforts, resources, and strategies on attracting and serving the right customers effectively, leading to better customer satisfaction, loyalty, and business success.
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Examine the feasible set approaches that an organization should consider regarding the facility location decisions. (25)
When an organization has to make a decision about where to locate its facility, the feasible set approaches come into play. A feasible set is the set of all locations that are possible for a particular facility.
The feasible set approaches that an organization should consider regarding the facility location decisions are as follows:1. Center of gravity method The center of gravity method calculates the location that will result in the lowest overall transportation costs. This method can be used for single or multiple facilities. The center of gravity is the point where the sum of the distances from each facility to the center of gravity is minimized.2. Grid techniqueThe grid technique divides a map into a grid and then rates each cell in the grid based on certain criteria, such as proximity to major highways or availability of public transportation.
The cells with the highest ratings are then identified as the best locations for the facility.3. Factor-rating method The factor-rating method assigns weights to different criteria, such as proximity to suppliers, availability of labor, and transportation costs. Each potential location is then rated based on these criteria, and the scores are multiplied by the weights to calculate an overall score. The location with the highest score is then selected.4. Transportation methodThe transportation method determines the most cost-effective way to transport goods from the facility to the customers. This method takes into account the cost of transportation, the distance to the customers, and the availability of transportation modes.
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2. In the market for rental housing, suppose (inverse) market demand is represented by P=2000− 0.1Q and (inverse) market supply is represented by P=0.3Q. Here P is rent per month in dollars. What is are the equilibrium price and quantity? P= Q= Suppose a new ordinance passes in the city that requires apartment buildings to add one parking space per unit. When allocated to monthly rent, compliance with the ordinance will cost $200/ month. What is the equation for the new supply curve? Set up this scenario graphically on the axes below, showing the original demand and supply, the initial market equilibrium, and the equilibrium outcome once the new ordinance is in effect. Once the ordinance goes into effect but before the market reaches a new equilibrium, will there be the shortage or surplus at the original equilibrium price? What will be the new equilibrium outcome? P= Q=
A. The equilibrium price is $1000 per month, and the equilibrium quantity is 10,000 apartments. B. The new equilibrium price is $1250 per month, and the new equilibrium quantity is 7,500 apartments.
Setting the demand equal to the supply and solving for Q allows us to get the equilibrium price and quantity: 2000 - 0.1Q = 0.3Q
If we solve for Q, we obtain:
Q = 10,000
We can enter Q as a substitution into either the supply or demand equation to determine the equilibrium price:
P = 2000 - 0.1Q = 2000 - 0.1(10,000) = $1000
Apartment buildings' manufacturing costs will go up due to the compliance fee of $200 per month per unit. Thus, P = 0.3Q + 200 will represent the new supply curve. The new supply curve must be made equal to the demand curve in order to determine the new equilibrium price and quantity. Q:
2000 - 0.1Q = 0.3Q + 200
Q equals 7,500 when we solve for it.
We can add Q to the new supply or demand equation to determine the new equilibrium price:
P = 2000 - 0.1Q = 2000 - 0.1(7,500) = $1250
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Which category is the worst situation for a company to be in when considering cost of quality? a. appraisal cost. b. prevention cost. c. intemal failures. d. extemal failures. Which of the categories can be described as a "good investment" when considering the cost of quality? a. prevention cost. b. extemal failure cost. c. testing and appraisal cost. d.intemal fallure cost. Quality of conformance is described as the a. engineering perspective of quality. b. producer's perspective of quality. c. consumer's perspective of quality. d. universal perspective of quality.
The worst situation for a company in terms of the cost of quality is "external failures" (d). External failures refer to defects or issue discovered by customers after the product or service has been delivered,
resulting in additional costs and potential damage to the company's reputation. The category that can be described as a "good investment" when considering the cost of quality is "prevention cost" (a). Prevention costs involve activities and measures taken to prevent defects and errors from occurring, leading to improved efficiency, reduced rework, and overall cost savings in the long run. Quality of conformance is described as the "producer's perspective of quality" (b). It focuses on meeting the specified requirements and standards set by the producer or organization, ensuring that products or services adhere to the intended design, performance, and functionality. This perspective emphasizes the internal processes and standards established by the producer rather than the subjective perception of quality by consumers.
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What is the title of U.S. Senate Bill 1523 introduced in the early 1960 s? An Act to make certain changes in the functions of the Beach Erosion Board and the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, and for other purposes. A bill to allow for the investment of joint Federal and State funds from the civil settlement of damages from the Exxon Valdez oil spill A bill to amend the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to reauthorize the National Estuary Program, and for other purposes
The title of U.S. Senate Bill 1523 introduced in the early 1960s is "An Act to make certain changes in the functions of the Beach Erosion Board and the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, and for other purposes."
This bill aimed to modify the roles and responsibilities of the Beach Erosion Board and the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. It also included provisions for other purposes not specified in the question.
The main goal of the bill was to address issues related to beach erosion and the management of rivers and harbors. The specific changes proposed in the bill would have impacted the functioning and decision-making processes of these two boards.
While the bill mentioned in the question focuses on beach erosion and the management of rivers and harbors, it is important to note that there were other bills introduced during the early 1960s that addressed different issues. Each bill had its own unique title, purpose, and set of proposed changes.
A Senate bill is a piece of proposed legislation that either originates or is modified in the United States Senate. Bills come from ideas before they are written and presented to the appropriate committee and to the Senate for debate. Senators then work together and negotiate the terms of the bill. A bill can't become law unless it receives majority approval in both the Senate and the House of Representatives, and is approved by the President of the United States
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Why do you think forms & addenda are now required
courses to get a Real Estate License?
To ensure that real estate professionals have a thorough understanding of legal and contractual obligations, as well as to protect the interests of buyers, sellers, and the industry as a whole.
Forms and addenda play a crucial role in real estate transactions as they outline the terms and conditions of the agreements between buyers and sellers. These documents are legally binding and carry significant implications for all parties involved. Therefore, it is essential for real estate professionals to have a comprehensive understanding of these forms and addenda.
By making forms and addenda a required part of real estate license courses, regulatory bodies aim to ensure that professionals in the field are well-equipped to handle the legal aspects of real estate transactions. This helps protect the interests of clients and promotes transparency, professionalism, and ethical conduct within the industry.
Moreover, real estate is a highly regulated industry, and non-compliance with legal requirements can lead to serious consequences such as legal disputes, financial losses, and damage to professional reputation. By mandating courses on forms and addenda, licensing authorities aim to reduce the risk of such issues and enhance the overall quality of real estate services.
Overall, requiring forms and addenda courses as part of the real estate licensing process serves to promote knowledge, professionalism, and legal compliance among real estate professionals, ultimately benefiting both industry stakeholders and consumers.
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Consider two firms with the following marginal abatement costs (MAC) as a function of emissions (E): MAC_1 = 11 - 2E_1 MAC_2 = 7 - E_2 and assume marginal external damages (MED) from the aggregate emissions o both firms (E_Agg = E_1 + E_2) is: MED = E_Agg. Total abatement costs (TAC) for both firms at the socially efficient level of aggregate emissions (E* _Agg) is Answer:
The total abatement costs (TAC) for both firms at the socially efficient level of aggregate emissions (E*_Agg) is 18. (total abatement costs, socially efficient level, aggregate emissions)
To calculate the total abatement costs, we need to determine the optimal levels of emissions for each firm that minimize the sum of marginal abatement costs (MAC) while taking into account the marginal external damages (MED).
Given the marginal abatement cost functions for Firm 1 and Firm 2, we can find the optimal emissions levels by equating their respective marginal abatement costs to the marginal external damages:
MAC_1 = MED
11 - 2E_1 = E_1 + E_2
MAC_2 = MED
7 - E_2 = E_1 + E_2
Solving these two equations simultaneously, we can find the values of E_1 and E_2 that satisfy both conditions. Substituting these values back into the MAC equations, we can calculate the corresponding marginal abatement costs for each firm.
Finally, we sum up the marginal abatement costs for Firm 1 and Firm 2 to obtain the total abatement costs at the socially efficient level of aggregate emissions (E*_Agg), which is 18.
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of an informal report?
a.
It is approximately ten pages in length.
b.
It is typically written as a memo or as a letter.
c.
It uses a personal tone.
d.
It uses personal pronouns.
A progress report can be written to a
a.
Supervisor
b.
Director
c.
Customer
d.
Any of the above
A formal report does not use ________.
a.
a title page
b.
contractions
c.
visual aids
d.
a table of contents
Which of the following is not a factor in successful reports?
a.
Content
b.
Clarity
c.
Complexity
d.
Skimmability
A system for outlining is ________.
a.
alphanumeric
b.
numeric
c.
All of the above.
Sure! Here are the answers to your questions .The correct answer is option a. It is approximately ten pages in length.
A progress report can be written.
The correct answer is option d. Any of the above (supervisor, director, or customer). A formal report does not use ________.The correct answer is option b. contractions.
The correct answer is option c. Complexity. A system for outlining is ________. The correct answer is option c. All of the above (alphanumeric and numeric).
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OB Electronics manulactures two home theatre systems: the Xtra which sells for \$2,400, and a new model, the Preferred, which sells for $2,000. The production cost computed ner unit under traditional costing for each model in 2017 was as follows. In 2017, OB manufactured 40,000 units of the Xtra and 60,000 units of the Preferred. The overhead rate of $17.50 per direct labor hour was determined by dividing total expected manufacturing overhead of $4,900,000 by the total direct labor hours (280,000) for the two models. Under traditional costing, the gross profit on the models was: Xtra \$1,625 or (\$2,400\$775), and Preferred \$1,430 or {$2,000 - $570) Because of this difference, management: is considering phasing out the Xtra model and increasing the production of the Preferred model. Before finalizing its decision, management asks Oscar's controller to prepare an analysis using activity-based costing (ABC). The controller accumulates the following information about overhead for the year ended December 31,2017 . The cost drivers used for each produrt were: The cost drivers used for each product were: Requirement (a) Assign the total 2017 manufacturing overhead costs to the two products using activity-based costing (ABC). (b) What was the cost per unit and gross profit of each model using ABC costing?
The manufacturing overhead costs for the two products are $ 2,880,000 and the cost per unit and gross profit of each model using ABC costing is $ 1,522.00.
The calculations are provided below and the table is attached in the image below:
a)
Manufacturing overhead cost assigned
Xtra = $ 2,020,000
Preferred = $ 2,880,000.
b)
Cost per unit
Xtra = $ 650.50
Preferred = $ 478.00
Gross profit
Xtra = $ 1,749.50
Preferred = $ 1,522.00.
The total of all indirect costs spent during the manufacture of a product is known as manufacturing overhead (MOH) cost. Along with the expenses of direct materials and direct labor, it is included in the price of the finished product. The depreciation of equipment, wages paid to factory workers, and power required to run the equipment are typically included in manufacturing overhead expenses.
A manufacturer's balance sheet, cost of the products income statement, and cost of completed goods in inventory should all reflect production overhead in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).
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Amina felt her manager did not have all the facts when she told Amina her report was incomplete . What type of justice was Amina's manager lacking in ? interpersonal cultural moral d policy e informational
22. When is information management especially important to an organization ? a when developing a strategic response bduring a merger or acquisition when forming an initial understanding dwhen directly influencing the environment ewhen enforcing ethical standards and norms
5. What is often at the center of debates on ethics and social responsibility? aquality b globalization norms d.synergy ecorporate governance
3. While performing the function of organizing in a global economy, managers should eliminate the responsibility of local managers bavoid change celiminate the responsibility of local managers d. deal with human resources e closely manage control functions
Amina's manager was lacking in informational justice because she did not have all the facts. Informational justice refers to the fairness that pertains to the information that is used to make decisions. This can be violated if someone withholds important information or fails to give complete information.
Therefore, it is considered to be lacking in informational justice because Amina's manager did not have all the necessary information needed to make the decision.The information management is especially important to an organization when forming an initial understanding. It's because it is the initial stage when it is important to have information about the company's market, its targeted customers, and also about the company's competitors. It is also important to have the right information before making any strategic decision.
So, at the initial stage of the company, information management is especially important. Corporate governance is often at the center of debates on ethics and social responsibility because it involves the systems and processes through which companies are managed and controlled. Corporate governance can influence how a company behaves ethically and how it responds to social responsibility concerns. Therefore, it is often at the center of debates on ethics and social responsibility.
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Paul lives in a world with two consumption goods x and y. His utility function is (x, y) = √x2 + y2. a) If p = $3, p = $4, and her income, , is equal to $50, what will be the quantities of x and y that Paul should buy to maximize his utility? Make sure that you write out the Lagrangian and the first-order conditions. (Hint: It may be easier to maximize U2 than ). b) Have you found a true maximum? Explain your answer.
a) y = 10, and x = 7.5
b) It is proved that the answer obtained in part (a) is a true maximum.
Part (a):
The given utility function of Paul is (x, y) = √x² + y².
The budget equation is px + qy = m
Given p = $3, q = $4, and m = $50
The Lagrangian function can be defined as
L(x, y, λ) = √x² + y² + λ(50 - 3x - 4y)
Then, the first-order conditions will be:
∂L/∂x = 0 = x/√x² + y² - 3λ ---Equation 1
∂L/∂y = 0 = y/√x² + y² - 4λ ---Equation 2
∂L/∂λ = 0 = 50 - 3x - 4y ---Equation 3
From Equation 1: x/√x² + y² = 3λ ----(i)
From Equation 2: y/√x² + y² = 4λ ----(ii)
From Equations 1 and 2: x/y = 3/4
Thus, x = 3y/4
Substituting the value of x in Equation 3, we get:
50 - 3(3y/4) - 4y = 0
Then, y = 10, and x = 7.5
Thus, the quantities of x and y that Paul should buy to maximize his utility are x = 7.5 and y = 10
Part (b):
The true maximum of the utility can be calculated by checking the Hessian matrix.
The Hessian of Lagrangian is given as:
H = | ∂²L/∂x², ∂²L/∂x∂y || ∂²L/∂y∂x, ∂²L/∂y² |
H = | 3(x² + y²)^-5/2 - 9λ²(x² + y²)^-7/2 , 12xy(x² + y²)^-7/2 - 16λ²xy(x² + y²)^-7/2 || 12xy(x² + y²)^-7/2 - 16λ²xy(x² + y²)^-7/2 , 4(x² + y²)^-5/2 - 16λ²(x² + y²)^-7/2 |
The determinant of the Hessian matrix can be calculated as:
|H| = (3(x² + y²)^-5/2 - 9λ²(x² + y²)^-7/2)(4(x² + y²)^-5/2 - 16λ²(x² + y²)^-7/2) - (12xy(x² + y²)^-7/2 - 16λ²xy(x² + y²)^-7/2)²
|H| = 48λ^4(x² + y²)^-8
As the determinant is positive, this implies that the maximum point is indeed a true maximum.
Thus, it is proved that the answer obtained in part (a) is a true maximum.
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On September 1,2020 , WV, Inc., bought $60,000 of MD Printer's 20 -year. 6% bonds dated January 1,2019 , for $56,920 plus accrued interest. The bonds pay interest annually and are classified as held-to-maturity. On September 1, 2030, WV sold one-fourth of these bonds for $15,000 plus accrued interest. No entries relating to the bonds had been made since December 31, 2029. Straight-line amortization was used. Required: Record the sale of these bonds.
On September 1,2030, WV sold one-fourth of the 20-year 6% bonds bought for $60,000 of MD Printer for $15,000 plus accrued interest and the bonds were classified as held-to-maturity. The bonds pay interest annually and the straight-line amortization method is used. Therefore, the journal entry to record the sale of the bonds is shown as follows:
Journal Entries of WV, Inc.:
Cash$15,250
Held-to-maturity investment - MD Printer ($15,000 + $250*)$15,000
Gain on sale of held-to-maturity investment ($60,000 ÷ 4 * (11-2))$250 * Accrued interest on one-fourth of bonds until the sale is $900 ($15,000 × 6% × (153/365)).
Thus, the amount realized by WV is $15,000 + $900 = $15,900. The gain on the sale is calculated as follows:
$60,000 ÷ 4 = $15,000(This is the cost of one-fourth of the bonds on September 1, 2030)$15,900 - $15,000 = $900(The difference between the amount realized and the cost of the bonds)
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[The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Baird Training Services (BTS) provides instruction on the use of computer software for the employees of its corporate clients. It offers courses in the clients' offices on the clients' equipment. The only major expense BTS incurs is instructor salaries; it pays instructors $5,000 per course taught. BTS recently agreed to offer a course of instruction to the employees of Novak Incorporated at a price of $450 per student. Novak estimated that 20 students would attend the course. Base your answers on the preceding information. BTS sells a custom wood plaque to students who complete the training course. Due to the custom nature of these plaques, BTS has to produce them in advance based on the estimated number of students to be enrolled in the course. Any plaques made for students who do not end up completing the course will be discarded. Prior to the first class, BTS pre-ordered 20 plaques based on the client's estimate of the number of people who would attend the course. BTS will only have 20 plaques to offer students regardless of whether enrollment is below or above expectations due to them having to be made in advance of the course. Each plaque costs $25 and is sold to students who complete the course for $43. k. Calculate the cost of plaques in total and per unit, assuming that 17,20 , or 22 students complete the course. 1. Classify the total cost of plaques as fixed or variable relative to the number of students attending the course. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Calculate the cost of plaques in total and per unit, assuming that 17,20 , or 22 students complete the course. Note: Round "Cost per unit" answers to 2 decimal places: [The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Baird Training Services (BTS) provides instruction on the use of computer software for the employees of its corporate clients. It offers courses in the clients' offices on the clients' equipment. The only major expense BTS incurs is instructor salaries; it pays instructors $5,000 per course taught. BTS recently agreed to offer a course of instruction to the employees of Novak Incorporated at a price of $450 per student. Novak estimated that 20 students would attend the course. Base your answers on the preceding information. BTS sells a custom wood plaque to students who complete the training course. Due to the custom nature of these plaques, BTS has t roduce them in advance based on the estimated number of students to be enrolled in the course. Any plaques made for students who do not end up completing the course will be discarded. Prior to the first class, BTS pre-ordered 20 plaques based on the client's estimate of the number of people who would attend the course. BTS will only have 20 plaques to offer students regardless of whethe enroliment is below or above expectations due to them having to be made in advance of the course. Each plaque costs $25 and is sold to students who complete the course for $43. c. Calculate the cost of plaques in total and per unit, assuming that 17,20 , or 22 students complete the course. 1. Classify the total cost of plaques as fixed or variable relative to the number of students attending the course. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Classify the total cost of plaques as fixed or variable relative to the number of students attending the course.
The total cost of plaques relative to the number of students attending the course is fixed. This is because BTS pre-orders and pays for the plaques in advance.
The number of plaques that they procure remains the same regardless of the number of students who actually enroll in or complete the course. Therefore, the total cost of plaques is fixed and will not vary with the number of students attending the course.
However, the cost per unit for the plaques may vary depending on the number of students completing the course because the total cost of plaques is then divided by the number of students attending the course to arrive at the cost per unit. As such, the cost per unit for the plaques is variable relative to the number of students completing the course.
For example, if there are 17 students completing the course, the cost per unit for the plaques would be $25.29; if there are 20 students completing the course, the cost per unit for the plaques would be $22.50; and if there are 22 students completing the course, the cost per unit for the plaques would be $20.45. So, the cost per unit for the plaques is variable relative to the number of students completing the course.
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Skysong, Inc. received $1640 cash for legal services to be rendered in the future. The full amount was credited to the liability account Unearned Service Revenue. If the legal services have been rendered at the end of the accounting period and no adjusting entry is made, this would cause: revenues to be understated. net income to be overstated. expenses to be overstated. liabilities to be understated.
The correct answer is liabilities to be understated.
If the legal services have been rendered at the end of the accounting period and no adjusting entry is made, this would cause liabilities to be understated. Since the cash received for the services has already been credited to the Unearned Service Revenue account, which is a liability account, failing to make an adjusting entry to recognize the revenue earned would result in the liabilities being understated.
This is because the revenue should have been recognized as earned and moved from the liability account to a revenue account, which would increase the net income and correctly reflect the company's financial position. Therefore, the correct answer is liabilities to be understated.
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8.5 Per capita income in the county was $40,000, and physician visits averaged 4.00 per person per year. Per capita income has risen to $42,000, and physician visits have risen to 4.02 per person per year. What is the percentage change in visits? What is the percentage change in income? What is the income elasticity of demand for visits?
8.7 Sales were 4,000 at a price of $200 but fell to 3,800 when the price was increased to $220. Calculate the percentage change in sales, the percentage change in price, and the price elasticity of demand.
8.5. The income elasticity of demand for visits is 0.1.
8.7. The price elasticity of demand is -0.5.
For problem 8. The percentage change in sales is -5%. The percentage change in price is 10%. The price elasticity of demand is -0.5.
For problem 8.5:
To calculate the percentage change in visits, we use the formula:
Percentage Change in Visits = ((New Visits - Old Visits) / Old Visits) * 100
Given:
Old Visits = 4.00
New Visits = 4.02
Percentage Change in Visits = ((4.02 - 4.00) / 4.00) * 100
Percentage Change in Visits = (0.02 / 4.00) * 100
Percentage Change in Visits = 0.5%
To calculate the percentage change in income, we use the same formula:
Percentage Change in Income = ((New Income - Old Income) / Old Income) * 100
Given:
Old Income = $40,000
New Income = $42,000
Percentage Change in Income = (($42,000 - $40,000) / $40,000) * 100
Percentage Change in Income = ($2,000 / $40,000) * 100
Percentage Change in Income = 5%
To calculate the income elasticity of demand for visits, we use the formula:
Income Elasticity of Demand = (Percentage Change in Visits / Percentage Change in Income)
Income Elasticity of Demand = (0.5% / 5%)
Income Elasticity of Demand = 0.1
Therefore, the income elasticity of demand for visits is 0.1.
For problem 8.7:
To calculate the percentage change in sales, we use the formul
Percentage Change in Sales = ((New Sales - Old Sales) / Old Sales) * 100
Given:
Old Sales = 4,000
New Sales = 3,800
Percentage Change in Sales = ((3,800 - 4,000) / 4,000) * 100
Percentage Change in Sales = (-200 / 4,000) * 100
Percentage Change in Sales = -5%
To calculate the percentage change in price, we use the same formula:
Percentage Change in Price = ((New Price - Old Price) / Old Price) * 100
Given:
Old Price = $200
New Price = $220
Percentage Change in Price = (($220 - $200) / $200) * 100
Percentage Change in Price = ($20 / $200) * 100
Percentage Change in Price = 10%
To calculate the price elasticity of demand, we use the formula:
Price Elasticity of Demand = (Percentage Change in Sales / Percentage Change in Price)
Price Elasticity of Demand = (-5% / 10%)
Price Elasticity of Demand = -0.5
Therefore, the price elasticity of demand is -0.5.
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The budget deficits in the late 1970 s were largely financed through Multiple Choice an increase in saving an increase in investment an increase in net exports a decrease in net exports an increase in tax revenue
The budget deficits in the late 1970s were largely financed through an increase in net exports, an increase in tax revenue, and an increase in investment. A budget deficit refers to a situation in which the government's total expenditure is more than the total revenue generated. To balance this deficit, the government has to find a way to finance it.
The financing method chosen by the government depends on the economic conditions of that particular time. In the late 1970s, the budget deficits were financed through an increase in net exports, an increase in tax revenue, and an increase in investment. An increase in net exports implies that the government was able to increase the exports more than the imports, hence generating more revenue to finance the budget deficit.
An increase in tax revenue was possible because of an increase in the tax rates or the expansion of the tax base, which led to the generation of more revenue. An increase in investment means that the government was able to encourage private investors to invest more in the economy, thus generating revenue for the government to finance the budget deficit.
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