Which of the following qualities is most frequently used to measure the amount of a substance in a solution?
weight
shape
size
density
light absorbance

Filtration is a technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture.

Answer:

When a copper wire is heated in a Bunsen burner flame, the copper's color changes to become a glowing red. It won't be restored to its original appearance after cooling. Instead, it becomes a black material called copper (II) oxide, which is 79.9% copper and 20.1% oxygen (was 100% copper before it was burned). This chemical change occurred as the oxygen in the air combined with the copper during the heating process.

Explanation:

The evidence that indicates that both physical and chemical changes occur when a copper wire is heated in a Bunsen burner flame are:

The original appearance was not restored when the wire cooled, instead a new substance appears.

The wire changed color during the heating.

A physical change is a type of change in which the form, shape, size, or state of matter of a substance is altered, but the substance itself remains the same chemically. In other words, the composition of the substance does not change.

Examples of physical changes include changes of state (such as melting, freezing, or vaporization), changes in shape or size (such as crushing or cutting), and changes in appearance (such as changing color or texture).

A chemical change involves breaking or making of chemical bonds. This include formation of a new compounds and some color changes. Therefore,

The original appearance was not restored when the wire cooled, instead a new substance appears, states a physical change and

The wire changed color during the heating indicates a chemical change.

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The mass percentage is an important method to determine the concentration of a solution. Here among P₂O₃ and P₂O₅, the oxide P₂O₃ contains higher percentage of phosphorous.

The mass percentage of a component can be defined as the ratio of the mass of that particular component in the compound to the total mass of the compound. It can be expressed as:

Mass percentage = Mass of the component / Total mass of the component × 100

Molar mass of P₂O₃ = 110 g/mol

Molar mass of P₂O₅ = 142 g/mol

a. % of 'P' in P₂O₃ = 2 × 31 / 110 × 100 = 56.4 %

   % of 'P' in P₂O₅ = 2 × 31 / 142 × 100 = 43.66 %

Thus P₂O₃ has higher percentage of 'P'.

b. 1 mol O₂ × 4 P /3 O₂ × 31.0 P / 1 mol P = 41.3 g P

c. P₄O₁₀

d. Aluminium oxide - Al₂O₃

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Answer: The name of the following compounds are:

a. Magnesium nitride                                                                                                 b. Potassium Fluoride                                                                                                 c. Sodium Oxide                                                                                                               d. Lithium sulfide                                                                                                        e. Cesium Fluoride                                                                                                         f. Potassium iodide

Explanation:

The name of ionic compounds, Mg₃N₂ is magnesium nitride, KF is potassium fluoride, Na₂O is sodium oxide, Li₂S is lithium sulfide, CsF is cesium fluoride, and KI is potassium iodide.

Ionic compounds are compounds that are formed through the combination of positive and negative ions. They consist of a metal cation and a nonmetal anion. These compounds are held together by electrostatic forces, known as ionic bonds, resulting from the attraction between opposite charges.

The names of ionic compounds are often derived from the names of the constituent ions.

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Answer:

True

Explanation:

Self-absorption occurs when the absorbing species in a sample interacts with other absorbing species in the same sample, leading to an overestimation of the absorbance and a deviation from the linear relationship described by Beer's Law. Therefore, at high analyte concentrations, the linear relationship breaks down and the law becomes nonlinear...

Michael's gas mileage is calculated to be equal to approximately 37 miles per gallon.

Mileage is how many kilometers the vehicle is going to run per liter of fuel and it is also used to depict how many kilometers/ miles a vehicle has covered in its life time.

Gas mileage = distance / gas used

In this case, Michael drove 682 miles and used 18.6 gallons of gas, so his gas mileage is:

Gas mileage = 682 miles / 18.6 gallons = 36.67 miles per gallon

Gas mileage ≈ 37 miles per gallon

Therefore, Michael's gas mileage is approximately 37 miles per gallon.

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The molecules having C=O bond are called carbonyl compounds. Among the given statements, a tertiary amine reacts with a ketone to form an enamine is not true. The correct option is D.

The organic compounds which contain nitrogen atoms with a lone pair are called the amines. In general they are derived from ammonia in which one or more 'H' atoms is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group.

The tertiary amines do not react with aldehydes and ketones to produce stable products. They have no 'NH' hydrogens and therefore cannot even form carbinolamines. But with primary amines ketones form imines and enamines with secondary amines.

Thus the correct option is D.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was:

which of the following statements is not true?

A. a ketone reacts with a peroxyacid to form an ester

B. a primary amine reacts with a ketone to form an imine

C. an aldehyde reacts with sodium borohydride followed by addition of acid to form a primary alcohol

D. a tertiary amine reacts with a ketone to form an enamine

E. a ketone reacts with a phosphonium ylide to form an alkene

According to molar concentration, 0.5 ml  of 0.05 M NaOH would be needed to turn the same volume of a 0.1 M Ba(NO₃)₂ solution cloudy.

Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.

The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.

According to formula M₁V₁=M₂V₂ substitution of values gives V₂=0.05/0.1=0.5 M.

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In ZnSO3, O is oxidized to a value of two. S in ZnSO3 is oxidized to +4 by zinc. ZnSO3 has a +2 Zn oxidation number.

When two or more separate chemical components are mixed in a specific proportion, the resultant substance is called a compound. The collision of the components creates biochemical connections that have been complex to break.

There is just one sort of atom per element, making them pure substances. When a variety of different type of elements are combined chemically in predetermined ratios, the resultant product is called a compound. The Earth naturally has about 94 of the almost 118 elements that make up the periodic table.

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The mass of the baking soda is 4.5 g

A conversion factor is a ratio that is used to convert one unit of measurement to another. Conversion factors are commonly used in scientific calculations and in everyday life, when we need to convert one unit of measurement to another.

A conversion factor can be derived from the relationship between two different units of measurement.

Given that;

1 oz = 28.35 g

But

1 tsp = 0.212 oz

Thus;

0.750 tsp will be  0.750 tsp * 0.212 oz/1 tsp

= 0.159 oz

Then;

1 oz = 28.35 g

Thus;

0.159 oz =  0.159 oz * 28.35 g/ 1oz

= 4.5 g

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No, they would not have the same number of moles.

In chemistry, a mole is a unit of measurement that represents a certain number of atoms, molecules, or ions. It is described as the quantity of a substance that has exactly as many particles as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12. This quantity, often known as Avogadro's number, is roughly 6.022 x 10^23. The atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule are added together to form the molecular mass, which is measured in grams. Calculating chemical reactions, concentrations, and stoichiometry in chemistry requires the mole idea. A lot of different particles make up a mole. The Avogadro number is equal to one mole of any material. 6.023 x 10^23 is the Avogadro number. The products of every chemical reaction are measured using the Avogadro number.

The number of moles is dependent on the atomic mass of the element, and lithium and lead have different atomic masses. The atomic mass of lithium is 6.94 g/mol, while the atomic mass of lead is 207.2 g/mol. Therefore, even if the number of atoms is the same, the mass and number of moles would be different for each element.

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The molar mass of the unknown compound is 17.4 g/mol.

First we can use the freezing point depression equation to relate the molality of the solution to the molar mass of the unknown compound:

ΔTf = Kf * m

Where

We can rearrange the equation to solve for the molality:

m = ΔTf / Kf

Substituting the given values, we have:

m = 0.0897 mol/kg

ΔTf = 1.86 °C

Kf = 5.12 °C/m

m = ΔTf / Kf = 1.86 °C / (5.12 °C/m) = 0.3633 m

Now we can use the definition of molality to calculate the moles of the unknown compound:

molality = moles of solute / mass of solvent (in kg)

0.3633 = moles of solute / 4.62

moles of solute = 0.3633 * 4.62 = 1.676 g/mol

Finally, we can calculate the molar mass of the unknown compound using the given mass of 0.0292 g:

molar mass = mass / moles = 0.0292 g / 1.676 mol = 17.4 g/mol

Therefore, the molar mass of the unknown compound is 17.4 g/mol.

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Answer:

Below

Explanation:

"has its volume increased 42 L"     <===so final volume is 48+28 (as written)

P1V1 / T1   = P2V2 / T2        T must be in Kelvin (add 273.15 to °C)

Looking for P1

Re-arrange

P1 = P2 V2 / T2   * T1 / V1    sub in the values

P1 = (2)(42+28) / (47+ 273.15) * (85+273.15) /(28)

P1 = 5.59  atm

The density of the ice is approximately 1.09 g/mL and its specific gravity is approximately 1.09.

First, we need to convert the volume of water from milliliters to grams. The density of water at 4°C is 1 g/mL. Therefore, the mass of the water is:

mass = volume × density = 50 mL × 1 g/mL = 50 g

Next, we can use the conservation of mass to find the mass of the ice produced. The mass of the ice must be equal to the mass of the water, so:

mass of ice = mass of water = 50 g

Now, we can find the density of the ice:

density = mass of ice ÷ volume of ice = 50 g ÷ 46 mL ≈ 1.09 g/mL

Finally, we can find the specific gravity of the ice by comparing its density to the density of water. Since the density of water at 4°C is 1 g/mL, the specific gravity of the ice is:

specific gravity = density of ice ÷ density of water = 1.09 g/mL ÷ 1 g/mL ≈ 1.09

Therefore, the density of the ice is approximately 1.09 g/mL and its specific gravity is approximately 1.09.

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Therefore, the strong nuclear force happens inside ring C.

An atomic model is a scientific theory or explanation of the structure of an atom. The atomic model describes the various parts of an atom, such as the nucleus, protons, neutrons, and electrons, and how they are arranged within the atom. Different atomic models have been proposed over time as our understanding of the atom has developed. The earliest atomic model, proposed by the Greek philosopher Democritus, suggested that atoms were indivisible and indestructible particles. Later, in the early 20th century, experiments led to the development of the modern atomic model, which describes the atom as consisting of a central nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons that orbit the nucleus in shells or energy levels. This model is known as the Rutherford-Bohr model. Since then, new atomic models have been developed that take into account the complex behavior of electrons within the atom, such as the quantum mechanical model. These models are used to explain the behavior and properties of atoms and their interactions with other atoms, molecules, and electromagnetic radiation.

Here,

The strong nuclear force occurs inside the nucleus of the atom, where the protons and neutrons are located. In the given diagram, the nucleus is located inside ring C, where there are 4 protons and 5 neutrons.

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If you mixed the same amount of ammonium nitrate and water, it would cause the temperature to decrease. This is because the process of dissolving the ammonium nitrate in water is endothermic, meaning it absorbs heat from the surroundings, which results in a decrease in temperature.

Answer:

a. To determine if the sample is a carbonate, we need to calculate the theoretical mass loss if the sample were to completely decompose. Carbonates decompose to form the metal oxide and carbon dioxide:

MCO3(s) → MO(s) + CO2(g)

where M is the metal.

The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol. The molecular weight of MCO3 is the atomic weight of the metal plus the atomic weight of carbon and 3 times the atomic weight of oxygen. We don't know the identity of the metal in this case, so we can't calculate the exact molecular weight. However, we can use the fact that the mass barely changed upon heating to assume that the mass loss is due to the release of a small amount of CO2, and assume that the rest of the compound remained unchanged. From the data given, the mass loss upon heating is:

0.5032 g - 0.3176 g = 0.1856 g

Assuming that all of this mass loss is due to CO2, we can calculate the theoretical mass loss for a carbonate with a molecular weight of MCO3 as:

(44.01 g/mol) / (MCO3 molecular weight) = 0.1856 g / 0.5032 g/mol

Solving for the molecular weight of MCO3, we get:

MCO3 molecular weight = 168.2 g/mol

This corresponds to the molecular weight of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Therefore, the sample is likely to be calcium carbonate.

b. If the sample is not a carbonate, then it must be a mixture of two compounds, one of which decomposes upon heating and the other does not. Let's call these compounds A and B, where A is the compound that decomposes upon heating. We can set up a system of equations based on the mass changes:

0.5032 g → 0.3176 g (heating, compound A decomposes)

0.3176 g + x → 0.3502 g (conversion to chloride, compound B forms)

where x is the mass of compound B formed. Solving for x, we get:

x = 0.3502 g - 0.3176 g = 0.0326 g

This means that the mass of compound A before heating is:

0.5032 g - 0.1856 g = 0.3176 g

The mass of compound B before conversion to chloride is:

0.3176 g - 0.0326 g = 0.2850 g

We don't know the identity of compounds A and B, but we can calculate their percentage composition based on their mass and the total mass of the sample (0.5032 g):

% A = (0.3176 g / 0.5032 g) x 100% = 63.06%

% B = (0.2850 g / 0.5032 g) x 100% = 56.61%

These percentages add up to more than 100%, which means that there was likely some measurement error. It is also possible that the two compounds are not pure substances, but mixtures of different compounds. Without more information, we cannot determine the identity of compounds A and B.

In general, a theory is a well-substantiated explanation or set of principles that describe a phenomenon or a set of related phenomena. A theory is based on a collection of empirical data, observations, and/or experiments and attempts to make sense of those observations by proposing a logical and consistent explanation that can be tested and potentially verified or falsified.

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The correct option for the catalyzed decomposition for given dinitrogen monoxide are- A. 1, 2, and 4

Nitrous oxide, also referred to as laughing gas, nitrous, simply nos, is a chemical substance that has the formula N2O and is also known as dinitrogen oxide as well as dinitrogen monoxide.

The fundamental procedures for dinitrogen monoxide's catalyzed breakdown are:

N2O (g) + NO (g) → N2 (g) + NO2 (g)

2 NO2 (g) → 2 NO (g) + O2 (g)

Thus, the correct statements are-

1. The overall balanced reaction is 2 N2O (g) → 2 N2 (g) + O2 (g).

2. NO (g) is a catalyst for the reaction.

4. NO2 (g) is a reaction intermediate.

Therefore, A. 1, 2, and 4 is the correct option.

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the boiling point Boiling temperature is the point at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure.

When the liquid's vapor pressure equals the air pressure acting on it, the liquid transitions from a liquid state to a gaseous phase. Although boils is a physical transformation, molecules are still not chemically changed.

The line is broken at the substance's boiling point since a liquid's typical boiling point is now between point B and C the temperature where the fluid and gas are already in equilibrium at one atmosphere of pressure, with the resulting liquid vapor pressure being one atmosphere.

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Answer:

Approx. 1200g

Explanation:

You have given the stoichiometric equation:

2LiOH(s)+CO2(g)→Li2CO3(s)+H2O(l)

.And this unequivocally tells us that each mole of carbon dioxide required 2 moles of lithium hydroxide:

Moles of LiOH = 1.3×103⋅g/23.95⋅g⋅mol−1=54.3⋅mol

And thus

27.1⋅mol

CO2 can be absorbed:

27.×44.01gmol−1≅1.2 kg

Explanation:

Answer:

The 20-year-old man's sister may be at risk of having a child with cystic fibrosis if that causes the condition. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene that affects the production of mucus in the body, leading to lung infections, digestive problems, and other complications. The disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning that a person must inherit two copies of the defective gene (one from each parent) to develop the condition.

The man's advice to his sister to see a genetic counselor is likely motivated by his concern for her and the potential child's health. A genetic counselor is a healthcare professional who specializes in assessing and counseling individuals and families on the risks and implications of genetic conditions. A genetic counselor can provide the sister with information about her risk of being a carrier of the CFTR gene mutation and the likelihood of passing it on to her children. The counselor can also discuss the different options for testing and provide guidance on how to manage the risk of having a child with cystic fibrosis, such as through preconception or prenatal testing, genetic counseling, or assisted reproductive technologies.

The man's recommendation is in line with the current guidelines of many medical organizations, including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), which recommend that individuals who have a family history of genetic disorders or are carriers of certain gene mutations should be offered genetic counseling and testing. This approach can help identify and manage the risk of having a child with a genetic disorder and provide support and education to families.

The precipitate that forms is lead(II) chloride (PbCl2), which is a white solid.

A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances are transformed into one or more different substances. During a chemical reaction, the bonds between the atoms in the reactants are broken, and new bonds are formed to create the products.

The chemical formula for lead(II) nitrate is Pb(NO3)2. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into Pb2+ and 2NO3- ions:

Pb(NO3)2 (aq) → Pb2+ (aq) + 2NO3- (aq)

If a solution of lead(II) nitrate is mixed with a solution containing chloride ions (Cl-), a precipitate of lead(II) chloride (PbCl2) will form, since lead(II) chloride is insoluble in water. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2NaCl (aq) → PbCl2 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)

The precipitate that forms is lead(II) chloride (PbCl2), which is a white solid.

Therefore, the  spectator ions in the reaction are Na+ and NO3-. These ions do not participate in the reaction, and they remain in solution after the reaction is complete.

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Answer:

when 445 grams of H2O are reacted, 4,300 grams (or 4.3 kilograms) of MnO2 are produced.

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

16H+ (aq) + 2MnO4- (aq) + 10Br- (aq) → 2MnO2 (s) + 5Br2 (aq) + 8H2O (l)

According to the equation, 2 moles of MnO4- react to produce 2 moles of MnO2. Therefore, we need to find out the number of moles of MnO4- that react with the given amount of H2O and then use stoichiometry to calculate the number of moles of MnO2 produced.

First, let's calculate the number of moles of H2O:

mass of H2O = 445 g

molar mass of H2O = 18.015 g/mol

number of moles of H2O = mass/molar mass = 445 g/18.015 g/mol = 24.7 mol

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of H2O reacts with 2 moles of MnO4-. Therefore, the number of moles of MnO4- required to react with 24.7 mol of H2O is:

number of moles of MnO4- = 2 × number of moles of H2O = 49.4 mol

Since 2 moles of MnO4- produce 2 moles of MnO2, we can say that 1 mole of MnO4- produces 1 mole of MnO2. Therefore, the number of moles of MnO2 produced is also 49.4 mol.

Finally, we can calculate the mass of MnO2 produced:

mass of MnO2 = number of moles of MnO2 × molar mass of MnO2

mass of MnO2 = 49.4 mol × 86.94 g/mol = 4,300 g

Therefore, when 445 grams of H2O are reacted, 4,300 grams (or 4.3 kilograms) of MnO2 are produced.

Given that it is extremely simple to lose electrons, the majority of transition metals have numerous oxidation states.

The oxidation state, often known as the oxidation number, in chemistry refers to the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all of its links to other atoms were entirely ionic. It describes how much an atom has oxidized (lost electrons) in a chemical complex. The oxidation state might theoretically be positive, negative, or zero.

Although losing electrons from transition metals is easier than from alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, most transition metals possess numerous oxidation states. Alkali metals nearly invariably contain ions with oxidation states of one because they have one electron within their valence s-orbital.

Therefore, given that it is extremely simple to lose electrons, the majority of transition metals have numerous oxidation states.

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14 mole  of Fe will react with 9.3 mole of oxygen and produce 4.2mole of Fe[tex]_3[/tex]O[tex]_4[/tex]. The mole signifies  6.022×10²³ units, which is a very big quantity.

In chemistry, a mole, sometimes spelt mol, is a common scientific measurement unit for significant amounts of extremely small objects like atoms, molecules, and other predetermined particles. The mole signifies  6.022×10²³ units, which is a very big quantity.

Under the International System of Units (SI), the mole is defined as this quantity as of May 20, 2019, according the General Conference upon Weights and Measurements. The amount of atoms discovered via experimentation to be present in 12 kilograms of carbon-12 was originally used to define the mole. 

3 Fe + 2 O[tex]_2[/tex]→ Fe[tex]_3[/tex]O[tex]_4[/tex]

The ratio among Fe, oxygen and Fe[tex]_3[/tex]O[tex]_4[/tex] is 3:2:1

1 mole of Fe reacts with 2/3mole of oxygen

14 mole of Fe reacts with (2/3)×14=9.3 mole of oxygen

1 mole of Fe reacts with 1/3mole of Fe[tex]_3[/tex]O[tex]_4[/tex]

14 mole  of Fe reacts with (1/3)×14=4.2mole of Fe[tex]_3[/tex]O[tex]_4[/tex]

Therefore, 14 mole  of Fe will react with 9.3 mole of oxygen and produce 4.2mole of Fe[tex]_3[/tex]O[tex]_4[/tex].

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Nitrogen G is a colorless, tasteless gas that is the most plentiful element in Earth's atmosphere and is a constituent of all living matter of nitrogen.

Nitrogen is an essential gaseous element with an atomic number of 7 and an atomic weight of 14.0067. Nitrogen gas has two particles of Nitrogen therefore, the molecular formula of this gas is N2. It is a non-metallic element that settled Group 15

nitrogen. [ nī′trə-jən ] N. A nonmetallic element that constructs up about 78 percent of the atmosphere by capacity, Nitrogen is a nonmetal and the lightest member of group 15 of the periodic table

So we can conclude that Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7.

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19.5 g of water will produce 12.24 L of oxygen gas at STP.

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is an industry standard protocol developed by IEEE to prevent loops in a network. This protocol is designed to create a loop-free topology while allowing redundant links in the network. STP works by selecting a root bridge, then selecting root ports and designated ports on each switch. When two switches are connected by multiple links, STP will block all but one link to prevent loops. STP is an important protocol for network reliability, as it prevents packet loops and broadcast storms.

The balanced equation for the decomposition of water is:

2H2O --> 2H2 + O2

The molar mass of water is 18.015 g/mol. Thus, 19.5 g of water corresponds to 1.08 moles of water.

Since the equation has a 2:1 mole ratio of water to oxygen, 1.08 moles of water will produce 0.54 moles of oxygen gas.

At STP (standard temperature and pressure), 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 L. Thus, 0.54 moles of oxygen gas will occupy 12.24 L.

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At the room temperature, the nitrogen molecules in the flask will have the greater average velocity as compared to the xenon gas.

The average velocity of the gas molecules in the flask depends directly upon the temperature. Greater the temperatute, greater is the average velocity of gas molecules. At a particular temperature, the average velocity of gas molecules is directly proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas taken.

Since both the gases, nitrogen (N2) and xenon (Xe) are at the same room temperature and contain equal amounts of the gases. The gas with the higher average velocity is the one with the lower molar mass, which is nitrogen (N2) whose molar mass is 28 g/mol. Whereas the molar mass of xenon is greater (131 g/mol).

Therefore, at the temperature of room, the nitrogen molecules in the flask would have a greater average velocity as compared to xenon.

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Answer:

a) The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

3C (s) + 4H2 (g) → CH4 (g)

In this reaction, 3 carbon atoms combine with 4 molecules of hydrogen to produce one molecule of methane. The representative particles in this reaction are atoms of carbon and molecules of hydrogen and methane.

b) The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

2N2 (g) + 7H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

In this reaction, 7 molecules of hydrogen react with 2 molecules of nitrogen gas to produce 2 molecules of ammonia. The representative particles in this reaction are molecules of hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia.

c) The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl (g)

In this reaction, 4 molecules of hydrogen react with 5 molecules of chlorine gas to produce 10 molecules of hydrogen chloride. The representative particles in this reaction are molecules of hydrogen, chlorine, and hydrogen chloride.

To determine the limiting and excess reagents and the amount of unreacted excess reactant, we need to know the initial amounts of each reactant. Without this information, we cannot determine the limiting and excess reagents or the amount of unreacted excess reactant.