According to the Supreme Court's Bakke (1978) decision, a university's use of racial "quotas" in the admissions process was unlawful, but using "affirmative action" to admit more minority applicants was lawful in some cases.
The issue of whether restricting white people's access to higher education is legal was raised in the case Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 Previously, the institution had a quota system where white applicants could only apply for 84 of the 100 seats and individuals of color were given preference for the remaining 16 openings. Bakke sued the school, arguing that the overt racial quota system was illegal and in violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 were both broken, the court decided, when race was used as the sole criterion for admission to a university.
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How the fossil evidence helped you connect the continents together?.
Scientists have found fossils of comparable kinds of plant life and animals in rocks of comparable age. those rocks have been on the shorelines of various continents.
This indicates that the continents were as soon as joined. for instance, fossils of Mesosaurus, a freshwater reptile, were observed each in Brazil and western Africa.
A fossil is any preserved remains, influence, or hint of any as soon as-dwelling factor from a beyond geological age. Examples encompass bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, gadgets preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood, oil, coal, and DNA remnants.
Fossils are the geologically altered remains of a as soon as-living organism and/or its behaviour. There are two predominant types: frame fossils constitute all or part of the organism's frame, and trace fossils show proof of the organism's behaviour.
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in , the court ruled that (1) a search is not unreasonable if items sought are not in the possession of the suspected criminal, and (2) the search should not interfere with the execution of actions privileged by the first amendment. group of answer choices
In Zurcher v. Stanford Daily, the court determined that (1) a search is not unreasonable if the items sought are not in the possession of the suspect, and (2) the search should not interfere with the performance of actions protected by the First Amendment.
How did Zurcher v. Stanford Daily end?In agreement, the Court of Appeals. Held: 1. The Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments do not prohibit a State from granting a warrant to search property for evidence just because the owner or holder of the property in question is not a person who could reasonably be expected to be involved in criminal activity.
What kinds of searches is the Fourth Amendment against?Unreasonable searches and seizures are forbidden by the Fourth Amendment in the United States. This generally means that without a warrant or other valid reason, police cannot search a person or their property. Arrests and the gathering of evidence are also covered.
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as of 2015, which of the following are requirements for an individual to open carry a gun in the state of texas?
Gov. Greg Abbott enacted a law in 2015 enabling licensed Texans to carry handguns openly as long as they are holstered on the hip or shoulder.
Guns are nevertheless prohibited by law in some locations, including courts, voting sites, schools, and secure airport zones.
In Texas, openly carrying a gun in public is not subject to a licence.
A campus carry bill that authorizes the state's public universities and colleges to permit handguns on campus and in dorms was also approved by Abbott in 2015.
When University of Texas at Austin professors asserted that permitting licensed gun owners to carry concealed weapons inside public university buildings would have a "dampening impact" on free expression in 2016, the statute was the focus of a lawsuit.
A federal district judge dismissed the lawsuit in July 2017, and the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed Texas' campus carry statute in 2018.
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the act of representing to a client that the law requires a particular ancillary coverage that is, in fact, not required by law is known as
The act of representing to a client that the law requires a particular ancillary coverage that is, in fact, not required by law is known as sliding.
Ancillary advantages are a secondary sort of insurance used to complement institution medical insurance. Ancillary advantages cover the miscellaneous scientific expenses that arise during a medical institution stay that aren't protected in a healthcare coverage.
“Ancillary benefits” talk to advantages which might be used to complement institution health insurance. These can include the 3 maximum sought-after employee advantages: dental, vision and life insurance.
Ancillary services are clinical offerings or elements that aren't furnished by acute care hospitals, docs or fitness care specialists. Examples of ancillary offerings consist of: Ambulance offerings. Ambulatory surgical procedure center (ASC) offerings. Audiology offerings.
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Which freedoms are protected under the 1st amendment? create a scenario that incorporates one protection from the 1st amendment.
Religious freedom, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and the right to petition are all protected under the First Amendment. It prohibits Congress from endorsing one religion above others and from limiting a person's ability to practice their religion.
What is the First Amendment?Religion, speech, the press, the right to petition and the freedom to assemble are five important social values that are protected by the First Amendment of our Constitution. Our unshakeable adherence to these ideals has endured challenging conflicts throughout our history and has remained a pillar of our democracy.
Lack of First Amendment protections could lead to legislative and other legal action to punish speakers, writers, followers of specific religions, rally organizers and participants, as well as people attempting to file complaints with the government about alleged wrongdoings.
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which statements best describe what this political cartoon is saying about religious tolerance and religious fundamentalists?
The political cartoon's message regarding religious tolerance and religious fundamentalists is that of fundamentalism.
What is fundamentalism?Legal fundamentalism aims to stop the underlying dynamic of the common law. This adversarial impact on the administration and growth of the law deserves a distinct mention of the subject. Legal fundamentalism has no place in contemporary judicial practice.
A religious response to certain characteristics of modernity is fundamentalism. Early in the 20th century, American Christianity saw the emergence of the term "fundamentalism," which eventually came to refer to movements in other cultures as well.
Fundamentalists tend to hold conservative beliefs. They tend to support traditional gender roles and oppose "progressive" liberalization, such as women having more power in the workplace and politics. They also tend to be tolerant of sexual diversity and may even celebrate it.
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What is impeachment power of Congress?.
The impeachment power of the Congress is the Constituent Assembly. The House of Representatives shall elect its Speaker and other officers, and shall have the only power of impeachment.
The House has "the exclusive power of impeachment," according to the Constitution. A government official is impeached when they are charged with malfeasance. Charges of impeachment against the President, Vice President, and other government officials may be brought by the House. No member of Congress may be the target of its accusations. It is the initial stage in a corrective procedure that could result in expulsion from public office and potential exclusion from future office. Impeachment serves largely to uphold constitutional government; it is not intended as a form of punishment. It was given the authority to permit the President's trial and ouster from office while involving the other two branches of government. A system of checks and balances was provided.
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What is the importance of jurisdiction?.
A judge has personal jurisdiction if they are able to make decisions that have an impact on an individual. The court must have "personal jurisdiction" over each party to the case in order for the judge to have the authority to rule in it.
The majority of criminal offenses fall under the court's purview. The court, according to his attorney, lacked jurisdiction in this case. This court lacks jurisdiction over the issue. lands that fall under the federal government's purview He was detained in a different country.
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What are the 3 roles of media in the politics ?.
The 3 roles of media in the politics are of a: Gatekeeper, Scorekeeper, watchdog.
The people and the government communicate through the media. The relationship between citizens and politicians, as well as the means by which these two groups communicate with one another, is referred to as political communication. No matter which of the three modalities of persuasion—Pathos, Ethos, or Logos—was used to forge the bond. The three following functions of the media in politics: putting up a barrier. The media can have an impact on whether topics are raised as national political concerns and how long they last. The national media acts as a scorekeeper, keeping tabs on political reputations and shaping them. the national media's watchdog role in investigating political figures and making controversies public.
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What does propose in debate mean?.
Propose in debate mean that there is a proposition team and an opposing team in every discussion round.
An employee's argument for a new position that would address a specific problem at their organization is known as a job proposal. The proposal outlines the duties of the new function and how the applicant will use their education and experience to be successful in the position.
The motion is proposed by the proposal team, which means they make an argument for it. The opposing team makes an argument against the motion, which is known as opposing it.
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How does a mixed economy deal with private property?.
A system that has elements of both socialism and capitalism is called a mixed economy. A mixed economy safeguards private property and permits some economic freedom in the utilization of capital.
But it also permits government intervention in the economy to further social objectives. A common conception of capitalism is as an economic system where individual actors own or control property according to their interests and where supply and demand freely determine market prices in a way that can best serve society. The desire to turn a profit is capitalism's fundamental characteristic.
The public and private sectors coexist in a mix economic structure. And there's a certain amount of economic independence so that businesses can choose how to use their resources and pursue profits.
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How do lobbyists influence government decisions ?.
Lobbyists seek access to public leaders in all sectors of government. Lobbyists attempt to influence government officials by giving information about their organization's interests and by engaging in grassroots lobbying. Many lobbyists are former government officials.
Who is a referred as a lobbyists?
A legislator's constituents can include lobbyists, which refers to a voter or group of voters in their electoral district. Lobbyists can also work as lobbyists for a living. Professional lobbyists work on behalf of a group or person who hires them to try to influence legislation, regulations, or other government decisions, actions, or policies. Additionally, as a voluntary activity or as a modest component of their regular jobs, people and charitable organizations might engage in lobbying. Governments frequently define "lobbying" for legal purposes and control influential organized group lobbying.
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What does the ghost of Hamlet reveal in Act 1 Scene 5?.
The ghost reveals that Claudius poisoned his ear while he was sleeping in order to entice Gertrude.
What does the ghost do in Act One, Scene One of Hamlet?Hamlet's uncle, the new monarch, killed the boy's father. Hamlet sees his father's ghost, who accuses him of wanting vengeance and describes the murder to him. Before her husband's passing, Hamlet's mother had an affair with Claudius and quickly and "unseemly" wed him.
Where does the ghost show up in Act 1 of Hamlet?The play's famous ghost scene may be found in Act 1, Scene 5. In this scenario, Prince Hamlet comes into contact with a ghost who identifies as his late father, King Hamlet. The ghost informs Hamlet that the new king Claudius, his brother, killed him and wed his wife, Gertrude.
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What are the main characteristics of a command economy?.
A command economy is in which an important government makes all economic selections. Either the authorities or a collective owns the land and the approach of manufacturing.
It does not depend upon the laws of supply and call for that function in a marketplace economic system. A command economic system also ignores the customs that are manually a traditional economic system.
A command financial system has a small variety of common elements: A critical financial plan, authorities' ownership of the manner of manufacturing, and (intended) social equality are important functions of a command financial system.
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What is the filibuster ?.
The filibuster, a loosely defined term for action intended to extend discussion and delay or prevent a vote on a bill, resolution, amendment, or other debatable question, has been made possible by the Senate tradition of unlimited debate.
In the U.S. Senate, a filibuster is a strategy used to postpone or prevent a vote on a measure by delaying the conclusion of the debate. There aren't many restrictions on the debate in the Senate; in general, a senator who wants to be recognized has the right to speak for however long they like if no other senators are speaking.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. ___ are democrats or republicans who volunteer to organize and oversee party functions and planning during and between campaigns, and may even become candidates for office.
Federalists are democrats or republicans who volunteer to organize and oversee party functions and planning during and between campaigns, and may even become candidates for office.
What are Federalists?The Federalists fought for the adoption of the Constitution. They favored weak state governments, strong central governments, indirect elections of civil servants, long-term restrictions on civil servants, and representative rather than direct democracy.The Federalist, commonly called the Federalist Papers, is a series of 85 essays written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison between October 1787 and his May 1788.Those who supported the constitution and a stronger national republicans were called federalists. Those who opposed ratification of the constitution in favor of small local governments were labeled anti-federalists.Known for supporting a strong central government, the Federalists emphasized commercial and diplomatic harmony with Britain after the signing of the Jay Treaty in 1794.To learn more about Federalists from the given link :
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How is the ghost presented in Hamlet?.
Ghosts have always represented death and terror, both in ancient and modern cultures. The ghost in Hamlet represents Hamlet's father, who is killed by Claudius. It wants Hamlet to exact revenge for its demise.
Hamlet's perspective on the ghostBecause the ghost's assertion that Claudius murdered King Hamlet confirms his greatest suspicion, Hamlet is inclined to believe the ghost. The initial Hamlet performances were seen by an Elizabethan/Jacobean audience, and the murder of a king was already a source of concern.
What does the ghost in Hamlet portend?The Ghost "could rob your dominion of reason/And drag you into lunacy," Horatio warns Hamlet (I. iv.). Hamlet is told by the Ghost, "Taint not thy mind" (I.v.). These cautions hint at Hamlet's impending mental breakdown.
What is the Ghost's message to Hamlet?The spirit describes to Hamlet how his brother Claudius killed him. He reveals that while he was asleep, Claudius poisoned his ear and managed to entice Gertrude. Hamlet is told to "Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder," according to him.
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latonya joins the freewill church, and as a member, she is not allowed to wear pants. her employer, salo's seafood, requires all employees to wear coveralls provided by the company for safety reasons. although latonya wore the uniform prior to joining the church, she now refuses to wear the coveralls. she explains to sal, the owner of the restaurant, that wearing pants is against her beliefs. sal makes an exception in her case and allows her to wear knee-length boots with a protective jacket, but latonya refuses to wear the boots. sal fires her for insubordination. which of the following holds true in this case?
Sal is not liable for religious discrimination because he made an effort to reasonably accommodate LaTonya's religious practice.
What is discrimination ?Discrimination means treating some people differently than others. It's not always illegal. After all, people are paid differently depending on their status and skill. However, there are certain reasons the law does not allow an employer to discriminate against you.It is also discrimination to discriminate in order to fulfill the wishes of others. An example of this is a landlord religious to let a person with a particular disability rent an apartment.Discrimination occurs when people are treated less favorably than other similarly situated people simply because they belong to, or are perceived to belong to, a particular group or category of people.Question:
which of the following holds true in this case?
A. Sal is liable for religious discrimination for failing to provide an accommodation that LaTonya would accept.
B. Sal is liable for religious discrimination for failing to provide a reasonable alternative.
C. Sal is not liable for religious discrimination because LaTonya's religious practice is not followed by any other employee at the company.
D. None of the above
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chiefe justice john marhsall wrote that power to regulate commerce is vested in congress according to marshall what limits congress ability to regulate commerce
Trade with foreign countries, between different states, and with Indian tribes
According to the Court, the Trade Clause grants Congress the authority to establish requirements and guidelines for business dealings, maintain open channels of commerce, and set standards for prices and terms of sale. Chief Justice John Marshall highlighted the power of Congress to regulate in Gibbons v. Ogden, saying: "It is the power to regulate; that is, to prescribe the rule by which trade is to be conducted." This authority, like all others granted to Congress, is total in itself, may be used to the fullest extent possible, and recognizes no restrictions beyond those outlined in the Constitution.
The power over commerce with foreign countries and among the various states is vested in Congress as absolutely as it would be in a single government, having in its constitution the same restrictions on the exercise of the power as are found in the constitution of the United States, if, as has always been understood, the sovereignty of congress, though limited to specified objects, is plenary as to those objects.
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What is meant by communist system?.
Communism is a classless social system with one form of public ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society.
Communism is a political and economic philosophy that seeks to replace private property and a market-based economy with public ownership and communal control of at least a society's primary production facilities (such as mines, mills, and factories) and its natural resources. The cornerstones of communism are the fair distribution of wealth among a country's population and the communal ownership of all property. In particular, it demanded that the proletariat, or working class, take control of the means of production, such as manufacturing and agriculture. Communism is a classless social structure in which all members of society enjoy complete social equality and one type of public ownership of the means of production. Only five nations still maintain a communist system of governance today: China, North Korea, Laos, Cuba, and Vietnam.
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What is the 60 vote rule in the Senate?.
Initially, a majority of two-thirds of the senators in attendance and voting was needed. For cloture, two-thirds of senators who had been duly elected and sworn in were required between 1949 and 1959.
What does Congress' 60-vote rule entail?The Senate established a provision in that year called "cloture" that allowed a two-thirds majority to end a filibuster. In 1975, the Senate changed the number of votes needed for cloture from two-thirds of senators voting to three-fifths of all senators who had been lawfully elected and sworn in, or 60 of the 100 senators.
At first, a two-thirds vote of the senators who were present and voting was necessary. Two-thirds of senators who had been lawfully elected and sworn in were required between 1949 and 1959 for cloture to be granted. Three-fifths of senators who had been legitimately elected and sworn in were the new requirement established in 1975. (60 votes if there is no more than one vacancy).
When did the 60-vote filibuster become effective?The Senate changed the threshold for cloture in 1975 from two-thirds of senators voting to three-fifths of all senators properly elected and sworn in, or 60 of the 100 senators currently in office. Filibusters are still used in the Senate today, but only when legislation is being considered.
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In the context of contract law, misrepresentation is an untruthful assertion by one of the parties about a(n) ______ fact.
material
A false statement made by one of the parties on a material fact is referred to as a misrepresentation in the context of contract law.
Misrepresentation of a material fact is defined as what?A material information that, if known to the other party, could have terminated or materially altered the foundation of a contract, deal, or transaction is considered a misrepresentation.
A misrepresentation is when one party presents information that is materially false and that is intended to persuade the other party to engage into a contract. If the lie is revealed, the agreement can be deemed invalid. According to the conditions, the individual who has suffered harm may seek damages.
When one of the parties to a contract commits a major misstatement, what is the formal name for this?The Misrepresentation Act of 1967 outlines what constitutes negligent misrepresentation, which is when a party to a contract makes a false to some other contracting party whether carelessly or without a good cause to believe it is true.
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this should state your informed opinion about how your examples of public policy can be analyzed by one of the following policy theories: elite theory, group theory, and/or institutional theory
Institutional theory state your informed opinion about how your examples of public policy can be analyzed.
What is Institutional theory?Institutional theory is a research tradition whose origins lie in how organizational formation and change were driven less by functional considerations and more by symbolic behavior and external influences than the theory assumed.In sociology and organizational science, institutional theory is the theory about the deeper, more resilient aspects of social structure. We examine the process by which structures such as schemas, rules, norms, and routines are established as authoritative guidelines for social behavior.An example of institutional theory is Meyer and Rowan's notion of institutional isomorphism. This concept explains how institutions resemble each other, resulting in a more integrated and regulated society.To learn more about Institutional theory from the given link :
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federal labor law allows states to pass right to work laws but does not allow a state to ban union membership as a requirement for continued emplyoermet
Federal labor laws allow states have the power to decide whether employees can be forced to join a union in order to get or maintain employment under right-to-work laws.
Currently, 27 states, including Guam, give workers the choice to join a union. Union membership cannot be a requirement for employment in several states, where unions are nonetheless legal. On January 9, 2017, Kentucky enacted HB 1, making it the 27th right-to-work state.
A right-to-work (RTW) law gives workers the choice of whether or not to join a union.
Paying union dues and fees is often a prerequisite for employment in states without right-to-work laws.
Employees should not be compelled to join a union, according to advocates of right-to-work legislation.
Right-to-work legislation, according to critics, enriches companies while reducing the influence of unions.
Research shows that states with RTW laws experience higher employment rates but lower worker wages (but higher executive pay). Another result of studies is lower unionization rates.
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What is the analogy of judge?.
Judges are like umpires Chief Justice John Roberts famously said during his 2005 confirmation hearing. The rules are applied by the umpires, not created by them.
Explain about the analogy of law?An analogy may be used in a legal argument where there is no precedent (previous case law with similar circumstances and legal principles). The process of reasoning by analogy entails looking at a case that deals with an unrelated issue but is governed by the same fundamental ideas and then applying those ideas to the current situation.
In a legal argument, a point is established when a precedent is used to support the same course of action in solving the issue. By using an analogy to highlight the key parallels between the problem scenario and the precedent, the point is supported.
In general, applying a legal rule in an analogous manner refers to applying a rule that deals with one specific issue to another case that is related to the first but not itself covered by the rule.
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Do federal courts of appeal hear cases of original jurisdiction?.
The assertion is accurate because appeals concerning the original jurisdiction are heard by federal courts.
In addition to conflicts between states or the U.S. government and other governments, federal courts have jurisdiction over disputes concerning the U.S. government, the Constitution, or federal statutes.
According to the Constitution, the Supreme Court has original and appellate jurisdiction. When the Supreme Court hears a case for the first and only time, this is known as original jurisdiction.
According to the Constitution, original jurisdiction is only given to conflicts between states or between ambassadors and senior ministers. The Court can examine rulings from lower courts because of its appellate jurisdiction. Appeals from lower courts make up the majority of the cases the Supreme Court reviews.
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in recent years, congress has faced charges by some that it abdicated its oversight role due to
In recent years, congress has faced charges by some that it abdicated its oversight role due to faulting lawmakers in both parties.
Congresses controlled by the opposition typically design longer laws because they attempt to anticipate attempts to sabotage or refocus policies by an uncaring executive. The best way to define the Office of Management and Budget is as the President's main tool for controlling the bureaucracy.
When someone obstructs Congressional activity on purpose, it is considered to be in contempt of Congress. Such people can be prevented by Congress from meddling with its operations. Similar to judicial contempt, it is a type of contempt.
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What is the overall main idea of the passage?.
The overall main idea of the passage is Being happy and successful in life is attainable when one puts his or her heart and soul into one's work. Thus, option (D) is correct.
What is passage?Passage can be defined as a portion or section of a written work also stated as a paragraph, verse, etc.
The main idea is the central, or most important, idea in a paragraph or passage. It states the purpose and sets the direction of the paragraph or passage. The main idea may be stated, or it may be implied.
The passage's overarching theme is that being happy and successful in life is possible when one puts one's heart and soul into one's job. As a result, option (D) is correct.
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Your question was incomplete, probably the complete question was...
A Finding meaning in work will result in loving one's work.
B Passion is the key to a successful career
C Each person has unique abilities and so as the reasons in choosing their job.
D. Being happy and successful in life is possible when one puts all his heart and effort in his job
although executive agencies exist within the cabinet departments of the executive branch, they are not subject to the authority of the president.
This statement is false.
The daily application and implementation of federal legislation is the responsibility of the Cabinet and independent federal agencies.
The executive branch is led by the President of the United States. The Vice President, department heads (sometimes known as Cabinet members), and leaders of autonomous agencies provide assistance to the President.
Legislative agencies are founded by a law passed by Congress, whereas executive agencies are created by the president.
An executive agency's ability to have its leader removed at any moment, with or without justification, is one of the key distinctions between it and a legislative agency.
Executive agencies emerged to assist the President in carrying out his duties and taking care of his affairs as the government grew larger. Today, these offices are involved in the regular administration and execution of laws and executive orders.
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What is a 7 judge bench called?.
The Supreme Court of India's benches made up of at least five judges that convene to hear any issue "containing a serious question of law as to the interpretation" of the Indian Constitution are referred to as "constitution benches."
What is the name of a judge's bench?When referring to the judge, the term "bench" refers to the seat in the courtroom where the judge sits. The second circuit bench, or "complete bench," which refers to all the judges of a court, is one example of how it can be used to describe all the judges of a specific court.
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